ASTM D1676-99

Standard Test Methods for Film-Insulated Magnet Wire

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing film-insulated magnet wire that is used in electrical apparatus. These test methods are intended primarily for the evaluation of the electrical insulating materials used. The intent is that these test methods be used, except where modified, by individual specifications for particular applications.
1.2 These test methods present different procedures for evaluating given properties of round, rectangular or square, copper or aluminum film-insulated magnet wire.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard. The SI units in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 The test methods appear in the following sections: SectionsBond Strength4-12Burnout (AC Overload Resistance)13-21Chemical Resistance22-28Coefficient of Friction29-37Continuity, DC High Voltage38-45Continuity, DC Low Voltage46-53Completeness of Cure54-60Cut-Through Temperature (Thermoplastic Flow)61-68Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage69-75Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage after Bending76-82Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage at Elevated Temperatures83-89Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage after Conditioning in Refrigerant Atmosphere90-99Dimensional Measurement100-106Dissipation Factor Measurement107-114Electrical Resistance115-121Elongation122-129Extractables, Refrigerant130-140Film Adherence and Flexibility141-148Formability:a) Elastic Ratio152b) Low Stress Elongation153c) Spring Back154-155Heat Shock156-162Oiliness163-169Scrape Resistance, Unidirectional170-177Solderability178-185Resistance to Insulating Liquids and Hydrolytic Stability186-195
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 9.5, 19.1, 19.3, 19.8, 52.1, 58, 59.1, 74.1, 112.1, 135.4, and 182.3 . Note 1—This test method is related to IEC 60851. Since both methods contain multiple test procedures, many procedures are technically equivalent while others differ significantly.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2002
• ICS: 29.060.10 - Wires
• Technical Committee: D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1676-01 - Standard Test Methods for Film-Insulated Magnet Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3353-18 - Standard Test Methods for Fibrous-Insulated Magnet Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2307-21 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Film-Insulated Round Magnet Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5642-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Sealed Tube Chemical Compatibility Test
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2305-18 - Standard Test Methods for Polymeric Films Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D1711-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4880-18 - Standard Test Method for Salt Water Proofness of Insulating Varnishes Over Enamelled Magnet Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1676 – 99 An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Film-Insulated Magnet Wire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1676; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
statements are given in 9.5, 19.1, 19.3, 19.8, 52.1, 58, Note 4,
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing film-
74.1, 112.1, 135.4, and 182.3.
insulated magnet wire that is used in electrical apparatus. These
test methods are intended primarily for the evaluation of the
NOTE 1—This test method is related to IEC 60851. Since both methods
electrical insulating materials used. The intent is that these test
contain multiple test procedures, many procedures are technically equiva-
lent while others differ significantly.
methods be used, except where modified, by individual speci-
fications for particular applications.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 These test methods present different procedures for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
evaluating given properties of round, rectangular or square,
A 228/A 228M Specification for Steel Wire, Music Spring
copper or aluminum film-insulated magnet wire.
Quality
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard.
B 3 Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
The SI units in parentheses are provided for information only.
B 33 Specification for Tinned Soft or Annealed Copper
1.4 The test methods appear in the following sections:
Wire for Electrical Purposes
Sections
Bond Strength 4-12 B 43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard
Burnout (AC Overload Resistance) 13-21
Sizes
Chemical Resistance 22-28
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
Coefficient of Friction 29-37
Continuity, DC High Voltage 38-45 Materials
Continuity, DC Low Voltage 46-53
B 279 Test Method for Stiffness of Bare Soft Square and
Completeness of Cure 54-60
Rectangular Copper Wire for Magnet Wire Fabrication
Cut-Through Temperature (Thermoplastic Flow) 61-68
Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage 69-75
B 324 Specification for Aluminum Rectangular and Square
Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage after Bending 76-82
Wire for Electrical Purposes
Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage at Elevated Temperatures 83-89
B 609 Specification for Aluminum 1350 Round Wire An-
Dielectric Breakdown AC Voltage after Conditioning in Refriger-
ant Atmosphere 90-99 nealed and Intermediate Tempers for Electrical Purposes
Dimensional Measurement 100-106
D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
Dissipation Factor Measurement 107-114
Dielectric Strength for Electrical Insulating Materials at
Electrical Resistance 115-121
Elongation 122-129
Commercial Power Frequencies
Extractables, Refrigerant 130-140
D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-
Film Adherence and Flexibility 141-148
mittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulat-
Formability:
a) Elastic Ratio 152
ing Materials
b) Low Stress Elongation 153
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
c) Spring Back 154-155
lation
Heat Shock 156-162
Oiliness 163-169
D 709 Specification for Laminated Thermosetting Materi-
Scrape Resistance, Unidirectional 170-177 5
als
Solderability 178-185
D 877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
Resistance to Insulating Liquids and Hydrolytic Stability 186-195
Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 2307 Test Method for Relative Thermal Endurance of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Film-Insulated Round Magnet Wire
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
Subcommittee D09.10 on Magnet Wire Insulation. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published May 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
published as D 1926 – 59 T. Last previous edition D 1676 – 95. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1676
D 2475 Specification for Wool Felt 5.1.1.1 Discussion—For magnet wire which has been self
D 2519 Test Method for Bond Strength of Electrical Insu- bonded or varnish treated, the bond strength is reported as the
lating Varnishes by the Helical Coil Test force required to break a test specimen in flexure.
D 5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory
6. Summary of Test Method
Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation
6.1 Flexural strength tests are made on bonded helical coils
E 4 Practices for Load Verification of Testing Machines
to determine the force required to break the coil under specified
E 6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
conditions.
ing
E 8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
7. Significance and Use
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced
7.1 Bond strength values obtained by flexural tests can
Ventilation Ovens
provide information with regard to the bond strength of a
E 220 Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by Com-
11 particular self-bonding outer coating in combination with a
parison Techniques
particular round film-insulated magnet wire when measured
E 1356 Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature by
under conditions described in this test method.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry or Differential Thermal
Analysis
8. Apparatus
E 1545 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition
8.1 Testing Machine—Tensile testing machines used for
Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
bond strength test shall conform to the requirements of
2.2 Other Documents:
Practices E 4.
Federal Specification CCCM-911 for Bleached Muslin
8.2 Test Fixture—The test fixture shall conform to the test
IEC 60851 Methods of Test for Winding Wire
fixture for bond strength tests required by Test Method D 2519.
8.3 Mandrel Holder—The mandrel holder shall be a metal
3. Terminology
block of sufficient size and thickness with a hole capable of
3.1 Definitions:
supporting the winding mandrel in a vertical position during
3.1.1 conductor, n—a wire or combination of wires not
the bonding cycle of the helical coil.
insulated from each other, suitable for carrying electric current.
8.4 Winding Tensions—The winding tensions are listed in
3.1.2 magnet wire, n—a metal electrical conductor, covered
Table 1.
with electrical insulation, for use in the assembly of electrical
8.5 Bonding Weights—Bonding weights (listed in Table 1)
inductive apparatus such as coils for motors, transformers,
should be made with a hole through the center to allow the
generators, relays, magnets, etc.
3.1.3 For definition of other terms used in this test method
TABLE 1 Helical Coil Bond Parameters
refer to Terminology D 1711.
Recommended
A A
Mandrel Diameter Bond Weights
Wire Size,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Winding Tension
AWG
3.2.1 film coating, n—cured enamel coating.
in. mm g N g N
3.2.2 film insulated wire—a conductor insulated with a film
44 0.011 0.28 2.5 0.025 0.80 0.008
coating. 43 0.011 0.28 2.5 0.025 0.80 0.008
42 0.016 0.41 5.0 0.50 1.60 0.016
41 0.016 0.41 5.0 0.50 1.60 0.016
BOND STRENGTH OF ROUND FILM-INSULATED
40 0.022 0.56 10.0 0.098 3.15 0.031
SELF-BONDING MAGNET WIRE BY THE HELICAL
39 0.022 0.56 10.0 0.098 3.15 0.031
38 0.022 0.56 10.0 0.098 3.15 0.031
COIL TEST
37 0.032 0.81 20.0 0.196 6.30 0.062
36 0.032 0.81 20.0 0.196 6.30 0.062
4. Scope
35 0.032 0.81 20.0 0.196 6.30 0.062
34 0.044 1.12 40.0 0.392 12.5 0.123
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the bond
33 0.044 1.12 40.0 0.392 12.5 0.123
strength of a self-bonding outer coating on round film-insulated
32 0.044 1.12 40.0 0.392 12.5 0.123
magnet wires (AWG 14 through 44). Both thermal and solvent
31 0.063 1.60 80.0 0.785 25.0 0.245
30 0.063 1.60 80.0 0.785 25.0 0.245
bonding methods are defined.
29 0.063 1.60 80.0 0.785 25.0 0.245
28 0.088 2.24 160.0 1.569 50.0 0.490
5. Terminology
27 0.088 2.24 160.0 1.569 50.0 0.490
26 0.088 2.24 160.0 1.569 50.0 0.490
5.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
25 0.124 3.15 315.0 3.089 100.0 0.981
5.1.1 bond strength, n—a measure of the force required to
24 0.124 3.15 315.0 3.089 100.0 0.981
separate surfaces which have been bonded together. 23 0.124 3.15 315.0 3.089 100.0 0.981
22 0.177 4.50 630.0 6.178 200.0 1.961
21 0.177 4.50 630.0 6.178 200.0 1.961
20 0.177 4.50 630.0 6.178 200.0 1.961
19 0.248 6.30 1250.0 12.258 400.0 3.923
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
18 0.248 6.30 1250.0 12.258 400.0 3.923
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.
17 0.248 6.30 1250.0 12.258 400.0 3.923
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
10 16 0.354 8.99 2500.0 24.517 800.0 7.845
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
11 15 0.354 8.99 2500.0 24.517 800.0 7.845
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
12 14 0.354 8.99 2500.0 24.517 800.0 7.845
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
A
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. 6 2 % on all mandrels and bond weights.
D 1676
weight to slip freely over the winding mandrel and load a shall be greater than the full-scale response time of the load
helical coil during bonding of coil. recording instrument.
10.2 Prepare sufficient specimens to obtain six data points
8.6 Forced-Air Oven—See Specification D 5423.
for each wire sample. One or more of the specimens may be
9. Test Specimen Preparation destroyed in adjusting the rate of loading.
10.3 Break specimens according to the test procedures
9.1 Select the appropriate mandrel from Table 1, spray it
described in Test Method D 2519.
with a suitable release agent (fluorocarbon or silicone spray is
10.4 Tests at other than room temperature can be performed,
adequate), and allow it to dry. Carefully wind onto the prepared
if desired, using an insulated heat-resistant enclosure, designed
mandrel a length of wire, long enough to wind a helical coil at
to fit around the test fixture and in the stress strain analyzer.
least 3 in. (76 mm) long. The winding tension shall be as
Place the specimens in the fixture in the oven for 15 min but
prescribed in Table 1. Ensure that the coil is wound without
not more than 30 min after the oven has recovered to the set
space between turns.
temperature 6 2°C. Break the specimens according to the test
9.2 Prepare six or more coils from each wire sample.
procedures described in Test Method D 2519. The specified test
9.3 Thermal Bonding—Mount the mandrel supporting the
temperature and minimum bond strength shall be agreement
coil vertically in the mandrel holder and loaded with the
upon between the manufacturer and the user.
bonding weight specified in Table 1. Place the mandrel holder
and coil into a forced-air oven at a specified temperature for a
11. Report
specified time, after which the assembly is removed from the
11.1 Report the following:
oven and cooled to room temperature. Remove the coil from
11.1.1 Identification of size, build and type of insulation
the mandrel and inspect the coil for breaks or physical damage
used,
prior to testing.
11.1.2 Heat or solvent bonding (including temperature or
9.4 Solvent Bonding—After winding, immerse the coil and
type of solvent, or both),
mandrel into the specified solvent for 5 s. Immediately there-
11.1.3 Test temperature, and
after, secure the mandrel supporting the coil in the mandrel
11.1.4 A table listing the individual values in pounds, grams
holder and load the coil with the bonding weight specified in
or newtons of bond strength and their averages.
Table 1. Dry the coils for1hat room temperature. Carefully
remove the coils from the mandrels and further dry in a forced
12. Precision and Bias
air oven for 15 6 2 min at 100 6 3°C (unless otherwise
12.1 In comparing two averages of six observations, the
specified). Cool the coil to room temperature, inspect for
differences should not exceed the critical difference in Table 2,
breaks or physical damage, and test.
in 95 out of 100 cases when all of the observations are taken by
9.5 Resistance Bonding—Mount the mandrel supporting the
the same well-trained operator using the same piece of test
coil vertically in a mandrel holder and loaded with the bonding
equipment and specimens randomly drawn from the same
weight specified in Table 1. Energize the coil with enough
sample of material.
current and time to allow bonding. Remove the coil from the
12.2 Precision—Two averages of observed values should be
mandrel and inspect for breaks or physical damage, and test.
considered significantly different at the 95 % probability level
Specific bonding conditions shall be agreed upon between the
if the difference equals or exceeds the critical differences listed
manufacturer and the user. (Warning—Lethal voltages are a
in Table 2.
potential hazard during the performance of this test. It is
12.3 Bias—This test method has no bias because the value
essential that the test apparatus, and all associated equipment
of bond strength is determined solely in terms of this test
electrically connected to it, be properly designed and installed
method.
for safe operation. Solidly ground all electrically conductive
parts which it is possible for a person to contact during the
BURNOUT (AC OVERLOAD RESISTANCE)
test. Provide means for use at the completion of any test to
ground any parts which were at high voltage during the test or
13. Scope
have the potential for acquiring an induced charge during the
13.1 This test method and equipment described herein is
test or retaining a charge even after disconnection of the
used to determine the ac overload resistance of 18 AWG heavy
voltage source. Thoroughly instruct all operators as to the
correct procedures for performing tests safely. When making
high voltage tests, particularly in compressed gas or in oil, it
Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RR: D09-
is possible for the energy released at breakdown to be suffıcient
1007.
to result in fire, explosion, or rupture of the test chamber.
Design test equipment, test chambers, and test specimens so as
TABLE 2 Cri
...