ASTM E2841-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Conducting Inspections of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions
Standard Guide for Conducting Inspections of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a methodology for conducting periodic condition assessments of building facades, for the purpose of determining if conditions exist in the subject facades that represent hazards to persons or property. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a facade, the various components of a facade, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction to provide a stable and reliable enclosure system. This guide was written as a parallel document to Practice E2270 as well as potential uses in conducting facade inspections as required by authorities having jurisdiction. Practice E2270 is written in the imperative form as a Standard Practice and is designed for adoption by specifying authorities. This guide is intended as a dissemination of explicit knowledge gained from experience of conducting periodic facade inspections. Implicit in this guide are general facade inspection techniques that have been tailored for periodic inspections. These tips and techniques are shared to provide a comprehensive template from which a facade inspection program can be tailored.
4.1.1 Qualifications—Use of this guide requires knowledge of basic physics, construction and building exterior wall design principles and practices.
4.1.2 Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to perform an appropriate condition assessment for a specific building properly.
4.1.3 Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that localized conditions in a wall system exist which are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the proce...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish procedures and methodologies for conducting inspections of building facades including those that meet inspection criteria for compliance with Practice E2270 as well as potential uses in conducting facade inspections as required by authorities having jurisdiction. For the purposes outlined in this guide, unsafe conditions are hazards which could result from loss of facade materials.
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for aboveground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures that typically are associated with the work described in this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2841 − 19
Standard Guide for
Conducting Inspections of Building Facades for Unsafe
1
Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2841; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide is intended to establish procedures and
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
methodologies for conducting inspections of building facades
E2270 Practice for Periodic Inspection of Building Facades
including those that meet inspection criteria for compliance
for Unsafe Conditions
with Practice E2270 as well as potential uses in conducting
E2505 Practice for Industrial Rope Access
facade inspections as required by authorities having jurisdic-
E3036 Guide for Notating Facade Conditions in the Field
tion. For the purposes outlined in this guide, unsafe conditions
3
2.2 ASCE/SEI Standards:
are hazards which could result from loss of facade materials.
ASCE/SEI 7 Minimum Design Loads and Associated Crite-
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive,
ria for Buildings and Other Structures
disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investi-
ASCE/SEI 37 Design Loads on Structures during Construc-
gatortoestablishthelimitationsofuse,toanticipateandadvise
tion
of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for
3. Terminology
patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms, refer to
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Terminology E631.
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard.
3.2.1 facade, n—a wall system including its exterior and
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
interior components, fenestration, structural components, and
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
components for maintaining the building interior environment
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
(also called building facade).
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
3.2.2 sheds:
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
3.2.2.1 sidewalk shed, n—ashederectedalongasidewalkto
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
protection pedestrians from overhead construction.
prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe
3.2.2.2 light-duty shed, n—a sidewalk shed designed to
procedures are particularly important for aboveground opera-
support a live-load of 150 psf and as such not intended for
tions on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative
material or debris storage.
procedures that typically are associated with the work de-
3.2.2.3 heavy-duty shed, n—a sidewalk shed designed to
scribed in this standard.
support a live-load of 300 psf and may be used for the storage
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
of material or debris subject to weight limitations.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Significance and Use
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 This guide is intended to provide building professionals
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
with a methodology for conducting periodic condition assess-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ments of building facades, for the purpose of determining if
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55 on Perfor- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mance of Building Enclosures. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2841–11. DOI: Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander
10.1520/E2841–19. Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2841 − 19
conditions exist in the sub
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2841 − 11 E2841 − 19
Standard Guide for
Conducting Inspections of Building Facades for Unsafe
1
Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2841; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide is intended to establish procedures and methodologies for conducting inspections of building facades including
those that meet inspection criteria for compliance with Practice E2270. as well as potential uses in conducting facade inspections
as required by authorities having jurisdiction. For the purposes outlined in this guide, unsafe conditions are hazards which could
result from loss of facade materials.
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to
establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and
selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety problems concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and healthIt is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for
aboveground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures that typically are associated with
the work described in this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E2270 Practice for Periodic Inspection of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions
E2505 Practice for Industrial Rope Access
E3036 Guide for Notating Facade Conditions in the Field
3
2.2 SEI/ASCEASCE/SEI Standards:
SEI/ASCEASCE/SEI 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildingand Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures
SEI/ASCEASCE/SEI 37 Design Loads on Structures Duringduring Construction
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms, refer to Terminology E631.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 facade—facade, n—a wall system including its exterior and interior components, fenestration, structural components, and
components for maintaining the building interior environment (also called building facade).
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55 on Exterior Building
Wall SystemsPerformance of Building Enclosures.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2019. Published January 2012November 2019. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
E2841–11. DOI: 10.1520/E2841-11.10.1520/E2841–19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2841 − 19
3.2.2 sheds:
3.2.2.1 sidewalk shed—shed, n—a shed erected along a sidewalk to protection pedestrians from overhead construction.
3.2.2.2 light-duty shed—shed, n—a sidewalk shed designed to support a live-load of 150 psf and as such not intended for
material or debris storage.
3.2.2.3 heavy-duty shed—shed, n—a sidewalk shed designed to support a live-load of 300 p
...
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