ASTM D6388-99(2012)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to Liquids
Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard procedures for test programs for investigating the chemical resistance of a geonet with a liquid waste, leachate, or chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications required for the particular situation being addressed.
5.2 Chemical resistance, as used in this practice, is not a quantifiable term. This practice is intended to provide a basis of standardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geonet. It should be recognized that chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the results obtained from test procedures contained herein. As a practice, a test result is not produced.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geonets and is written in parallel to similar practices for geomembranes, geogrids, geotextiles, and geopipes. Each practice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for testing geonet products for chemical resistance with liquid wastes, prepared chemical solutions, or leachates, or both, derived from solid wastes.
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring changes in mass, dimensions, tensile and hydraulic properties and other optional physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in test solutions, which may be representative of anticipated end use conditions. This practice may be used to assess the extent to which a product's as-manufactured properties are affected by such immersion.
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with Practices D5322 or D5496. The scope of this practice is limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geonet samples.
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific hazards statements.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D6388 − 99 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope by Extrusion Plastometer
D1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
1.1 This practice describes procedures for testing geonet
Cellular Plastics
products for chemical resistance with liquid wastes, prepared
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
chemical solutions, or leachates, or both, derived from solid
D4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by
wastes.
the Wide-Width Strip Method
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring
D4716 Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow
changes in mass, dimensions, tensile and hydraulic properties
Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
and other optional physical and mechanical properties caused
Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
by immersion in test solutions, which may be representative of
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
anticipated end use conditions. This practice may be used to
Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
assess the extent to which a product’s as-manufactured prop-
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
erties are affected by such immersion.
of Geosynthetics
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with
D5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for
PracticesD5322orD5496.Thescopeofthispracticeislimited
Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to
to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed
Liquids
geonet samples.
D5496 Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of Geosyn-
thetics
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the
scope of this practice. D5747 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resis-
tance of Geomembranes to Liquids
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 EPA Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
EPA/600/2–88/052 Lining of Waste Containment and Other
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Impoundment Facilities
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for
EPA 9090 Compatibility Test for Wastes and Membrane
specific hazards statements.
Liners
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n— for geosynthetics, the extent
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
to which a material or product retains its original physical and
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
chemical characteristics as a function of immersion in, or
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics
contact with, a foreign substance (see Practice D5747).
3.1.2 geonet, n—a geosynthetic consisting of integrally
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
connected parallel sets of ribs overlying similar sets at various
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance
angles for planar drainage of liquids or gases (seeTerminology
Properties.
D4439).
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally approved
in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6388–99(2005). DOI:
10.1520/D6388-99R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from the National Technical Information Service, PB–89–129670.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
the ASTM website. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6388 − 99 (2012)
personnel handling or exposed to the chemicals. Particular care should be
3.1.3 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
taken when opening storage vessels at elevated temperatures due to the
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
increased volatility of organics and the increased activity of acids and
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
bases. Care also must be taken to prevent the spilling of hazardous
manmade project, structure, or system (see Terminology
materials, and provisions must be made to clean up any accidental spills
D4439).
that do occur.
3.1.4 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or 7.1 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and
laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is
disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals or immer-
taken for that purpose (see Terminology D4439). sion solutions, and any contaminated geonet materials, should
be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all
3.1.5 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
personnel and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
Terminologies D123 and D4439.
8. Sampling
4. Summary of Practice
8.1 Determine the number and dimensions of the test
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for
specimens according to the requirements of the dimensional
evaluating the resistance of geonet to liquid exposure by
measurements and physical/polymer property tests to be
monitoring physical and chemical properties of geonet speci-
performed, the duration of the immersion, and the number of
mens immersed in a test liquid. The physical condition of the
test intervals.
geonet is monitored as a function of cumulative exposure time
by means of dimensional measurements and physical and
NOTE 2—In contrast to other related chemical resistance test practices,
chemical property tests.
this practice provides for the preparation of individual test specimens
directly from roll materials instead of prepared samples or exposure
5. Significance and Use coupons, or both. These test specimens then are used for subsequent
exposure and testing.
5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard
8.2 Sample in accordance with respective test methods
procedures for test programs for investigating the chemical
selected.
resistance of a geonet with a liquid waste, leachate, or
chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other
8.3 Cut individual test specimens in each the machine and
specifications required for the particular situation being ad-
transverse directions from stock roll material.
dressed.
8.4 Mix or shuffle in a random fashion, and then select
5.2 Chemical resistance, as used in this practice, is not a
pre-cut, randomly mixed specimens for assignment to unex-
quantifiableterm.Thispracticeisintendedtoprovideabasisof
posed (baseline) testing or immersion in test solutions for
standardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the
testing after exposure.
chemical resistance of a geonet. It should be recognized that
8.5 Cut individual test specimens for dimension and mass
chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this
measurements. Specimens may be of any size for which
practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the results
accurate and repeatable measurements can be made, compat-
obtained from test procedures contained herein. As a practice,
ible with the immersion tank. Cut specimens from sheet stock
a test result is not produced.
using a die to assure consistency of dimensions.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment
NOTE 3—Square specimens 152.4 by 152.4 mm (6 by 6 in.) have been
of geonets and is written in parallel to similar practices for
found to be satisfactory for dimensional and mass measurements. The
geomembranes,geogrids,geotextiles,andgeopipes.Eachprac-
same individual specimens may be used for length, width, thickness, and
tice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under weight change measurements, if desired. Multiple dimensional measure-
ments may be made on a given specimen and averaged to obtain a
investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to
representative basis for comparison.
the potentially harsh chemical environment under consider-
ation.
9. Conditioning
6. Apparatus
9.1 Condition geonet test specimens at a temperature of 21
6 2°C (70 6 4°F) and relative humidity between 50 and 70 %
6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy
for a period not less than 40 h prior to weighing, or baseline
of 0.001 g.
testing and immersion, or a combination thereof.
6.2 Measuring Equipment, such as scales or calipers, suit-
able for determining dimensions of geonet specimens.
10. Procedure
6.3 All other required equipment is specified in the refer-
10.1 Immerse the geonet specimens in the test solution as
enced test methods. Refer to the appropriate standards for a
specified in Practices D5322 or D5496.
description of the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.
10.2 Immerse a sufficient number of specimens
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