ASTM F18-12(2017)

Standard Specification and Test Method for Evaluation of Glass-to-Metal Headers Used in Electron Devices

SCOPE
1.1 This specification and test method cover acceptance requirements for headers used in electron devices and describes procedures for determining conformance to these requirements.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method (Sections 7 – 13) described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 31.240 - Mechanical structures for electronic equipment
• Technical Committee: F01 - Electronics
• Drafting Committee: F01.03 - Metallic Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F18 −12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification and Test Method for
Evaluation of Glass-to-Metal Headers Used in Electron
Devices
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF18;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Thisstandardissuitableforassessingboththequalityof
materials as well as the manufacturing techniques used.
1.1 This specification and test method cover acceptance
requirementsforheadersusedinelectrondevicesanddescribes
4. Acceptance Requirements
procedures for determining conformance to these require-
ments.
4.1 The headers shall conform to the requirements as
specified in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 when tested in accordance with the
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
prescribed methods of test (Sections5–13).
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.1 Visual:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.1.1 Cracksaroundtheleadshallberestrictedaxiallyand
and are not considered standard.
radially to one lead diameter. Specimens showing any other
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
type of crack shall be rejected.
test method (Sections7–13) described in this specification.
4.1.1.2 The glass shall be free of inclusions exceeding one
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
half of the smallest lead diameter. Gas bubbles entirely
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
enclosed by glass are permissible up to a diameter not
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
exceeding that of the smallest lead.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4.1.1.3 Metallic parts shall be as free of draw lines or
limitations prior to use.
grooves longer (by visual estimate) than one half of the seal
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
length as best commercial practice will permit.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1.1.4 In the case of clear glass seals, reference is made to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the seal area only.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1.1.5 In the case of opaque glass seals, reference is made
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
to any portion of the exposed metal parts.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.2 Leak:
2. Terminology
4.1.2.1 Withtheheadersealedtothemassspectrometerleak
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: detector,thenumberofdetectableleaksinasamplelotshallbe
2.1.1 The header may be described as an external metal
less than the limit agreed upon between the purchaser and the
memberofcylindrical,oval,orothershapeintowhichissealed seller.
one or more wire leads or metal tubulations through a glass
TEST METHODS
medium. The metal parts may be plated or unplated and the
glass may be clear or opaque.
5. Apparatus
3. Significance and Use
5.1 Microscope, of 10 power magnification, unless other-
3.1 This standard covers procedures for conducting me-
wise specified, in combination with suitable incandescent
chanical and vacuum leak tests on glass-to-metal headers and
white light source.
is suitable for quality control and research and development
5.2 Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector, adjusted to respond
use.
toatracergassuchasheliumandcapableofdetectingleaksof
−9
10 mL/s at standard temperature and pressure.
This specification and test method are under the jurisdiction of ASTM
Committee F01 on Electronics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.3 Hood, having a volume of approximately 250 cm (2.5
F01.03 on Metallic Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip. –4 3
×10 m ), to cover the test specimen completely with the
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
tracer gas. (The hood should be flushed with the tracer gas for
approved in 1961 as F18 – 61T. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F18 –
12. DOI: 10.1520/F0018-12R17. at least 10 s).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F18−12 (2017)
5.4 Fixture, suitable for making a seal between the header unless otherwise specified. Lead dimensions referred to are
under test and the lead detector. A suggested jig is shown in nominal dimensions agreed upon between the purchaser and
Fig. 1. the seller.
5.5 Bath, two constant temperature water baths, and an
7. Thermal Shock
immersion bath maintained at a temperature of − 80°C
to−70°C. 7.1 Withtheheaderatroomtemperatureimmerseitinwater
heldat98°C,minimum,for1min;andquenchinwaterat1°C,
5.6 Torque Fixture, capable of holding the header in a fixed
maximum, for 1 min. The volume of the water bath shall be
position and capable of rotating a lead about its axis.
large enough to prevent appreciable change in temperature
5.7 Bending Fixture, capable of rotating the header through
upon immersion of the header. Repeat this cycle 6 times.Then
anarcof90,+0−5°, about an axis of the lead under test and
bake the header in the furnace at 100 6 5°C and under a
through the exit point of the lead from the glass. A weight is −3 –4
vacuumoflessthan10 torr(1.33×10 kPa)foraminimum
attached to the lead at a point close to the extremity.
of 12 h. The headers shall conform to the requirements
5.8 Megohmmeter, for testing electric insulation. specified in 4.1.
5.9 Furnace, capable of heating parts to a temperature of
8. Torque
450°C maximum.
8.1 Leads Less than 0.021 in. (0.53 mm) in Diameter—
5.10 Lead Pull Tester, capable of holding the header in a
Clamp the lead to be tested between 2 and 4 diameters away
fixed position while applying a load along the axis of the lead
from the glass. With the header fixed, rotate the lead through
in a direction perpendicular
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F18 − 12 F18 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification and Test Method for
Evaluation of Glass-to-Metal Headers Used in Electron
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F18; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification and test method cover acceptance requirements for headers used in electron devices and describes
procedures for determining conformance to these requirements.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method (Sections 7 – 13) described in this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 The header may be described as an external metal member of cylindrical, oval, or other shape into which is sealed one
or more wire leads or metal tubulations through a glass medium. The metal parts may be plated or unplated and the glass may be
clear or opaque.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This standard covers procedures for conducting mechanical and vacuum leak tests on glass-to-metal headers and is suitable
for quality control and research and development use.
3.2 This standard is suitable for assessing both the quality of materials as well as the manufacturing techniques used.
4. Acceptance Requirements
4.1 The headers shall conform to the requirements as specified in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 when tested in accordance with the prescribed
methods of test (Sections 5 – 13).
4.1.1 Visual:
4.1.1.1 Cracks around the lead shall be restricted axially and radially to one lead diameter. Specimens showing any other type
of crack shall be rejected.
4.1.1.2 The glass shall be free of inclusions exceeding one half of the smallest lead diameter. Gas bubbles entirely enclosed by
glass are permissible up to a diameter not exceeding that of the smallest lead.
4.1.1.3 Metallic parts shall be as free of draw lines or grooves longer (by visual estimate) than one half of the seal length as
best commercial practice will permit.
4.1.1.4 In the case of clear glass seals, reference is made to the seal area only.
4.1.1.5 In the case of opaque glass seals, reference is made to any portion of the exposed metal parts.
4.1.2 Leak:
This specification and test method are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on Electronics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
MaterialsMaterials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published March 2012June 2017. Originally approved in 1961 as F18 – 61 T. Last previous edition approved in
20062012 as F18 – 64 (2006). 12. DOI: 10.1520/F0018-12.10.1520/F0018-12R17.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F18 − 12 (2017)
4.1.2.1 With the header sealed to the mass spectrometer leak detector, the number of detectable leaks in a sample lot shall be
less than the limit agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
TEST METHODS
5. Apparatus
5.1 Microscope, of 10 power magnification, unless otherwise specified, in combination with suitable incandescent white light
source.
−9
5.2 Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector, adjusted to respond to a tracer gas such as helium and capable of detecting leaks of 10
mL/s at standard temperature and pressure.
3 –4 3
5.3 Hood, having a volume of approximately 250 cm (2.5 × 10 m ), to cover the test specimen completely with the tracer
gas. (The hood should be flushed with the tracer gas for at least 10 s).
5.4 Fixture, suitable for making a seal between the header under test and the lead detector. A suggested jig is shown in Fig. 1.
5.5 Bath, two constant temperature water baths, and an immersion bath maintained at a temperature of − 80°C to − 70°C.
5.6 Torque Fixture, capable of holding the header in a fixed position and capable of rotating a lead about its axis.
5.7 Bending Fixture, capable of rotating the header through an arc of 90, + 0 − 5°, about an axis of the lead under test and
through the exit point of the lead from the glass. A weight is attached to the lead at a point close to the extremity.
5.8 Megohmmeter, for testing electric insulation.
5.9 Furnace, capable of heating parts to a temperature of 450°C maximum.
5.10 Lead Pull Tester, capable of holding the header in a fixed position while applying a load along the axis of the lead in a
direction perpendicular to the plane containing the rim of the header. The displacement of one constraining member of the tester
shall increase at a constant rate with respect to the second constraining member of the tester.
6. Conditions of Test
6.1 Tests shall be made in the order indicated in Sections 7 – 13, and on individual specimens unless otherwise specified. Each
test shall be performed with the apparatus described in the corresponding paragraph of Section 5. Tests on leads shall be made on
FIG. 1 Fixture for Making a Seal Between the Header Under Test and the Leak Detector
...