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ASTM E194-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders

Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this test method is to determine the amount of gangue, refractory, inert, etc., materials, that may adversely affect compacting tools and sintered properties of components formed from copper and iron powders.
The insoluble matter consists of those nonmetallic substances that do not dissolve in the mineral acid used to dissolve the metal. In copper powder, which is treated with nitric acid, the acid-insoluble matter includes silica, insoluble silicates, alumina, clays, and other refractory materials that may be introduced either as impurities in the raw material or from the furnace lining, fuel, etc.; lead sulfate may also be present. In iron powder, which is treated with hydrochloric acid, the insoluble matter may include carbides in addition to the substances listed above. The test method excludes insoluble material that is volatile at the ignition temperature specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mineral-acid-insoluble matter content of copper and iron powders in amounts under 1.0 %.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2006
ICS
77.160 - Powder metallurgy
Technical Committee
B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
Drafting Committee
B09.02 - Base Metal Powders
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E194-99 - Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Replaced By
ASTM E194-10 - Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders
Effective Date
01-May-2010

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ASTM E194-06 - Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron PowdersASTM E194-06 - Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders
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ASTM E194-06 - Standard Test Method for Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E194 – 06
Standard Test Method for
1
Acid-Insoluble Content of Copper and Iron Powders
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* adversely affect compacting tools and sintered properties of
2 components formed from copper and iron powders.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
4.2 The insoluble matter consists of those nonmetallic
mineral-acid-insoluble matter content of copper and iron pow-
substances that do not dissolve in the mineral acid used to
ders in amounts under 1.0 %.
dissolve the metal. In copper powder, which is treated with
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
nitric acid, the acid-insoluble matter includes silica, insoluble
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
silicates, alumina, clays, and other refractory materials that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
may be introduced either as impurities in the raw material or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
from the furnace lining, fuel, etc.; lead sulfate may also be
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
present. In iron powder, which is treated with hydrochloric
2. Referenced Documents
acid, the insoluble matter may include carbides in addition to
3
thesubstanceslistedabove.Thetestmethodexcludesinsoluble
2.1 ASTM Standards:
material that is volatile at the ignition temperature specified.
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
5. Interferences
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
5.1 Any metallic tin present in the copper powder will be
Related Materials
converted into the insoluble tin oxide by the nitric acid
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
treatment; in such cases, provision shall be made for the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
determination of tin oxide and the appropriate correction
3. Summary of Test Method
applied.
3.1 The sample is dissolved in the appropriate acid: nitric
6. Apparatus
acid (HNO ) for copper, hydrochloric acid (HCl) for iron. The
3
6.1 Apparatus and reagents shall conform to the require-
insoluble matter is filtered out and ignited in a furnace at
ments prescribed in Practices E50.
980 °C for 1 h.
6.2 Hot Plate.
4. Significance and Use
6.3 Muffle Furnace, capable of operating at 980 °C.
6.4 Casseroles (non-metallic), 250 mL and 750 mL.
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the
6.5 Glass Funnel.
amount of gangue, refractory, inert, etc., materials, that may
6.6 Quart or Porcelain Crucible.
6.7 Desiccator.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
6.8 Analytical Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 mg.
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
6.9 Filter Paper, Whatman No. 541 or one of equivalent
mittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.
pore size and ash content.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originally
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E194 – 99. DOI:
6.10 Vapor Collection System, suitable to provide adequate
10.1520/E0194-06.
operator protection from chemical vapors resulting from the
2
Based on the method developed by the Metal Powder Association (now the
acid digestion steps and muffle furnace ignition steps.
Metal Powder Producers Association of the Metal Powder Industries Federation)
and described in MPIF Standard 06, “Determination of Acid Insoluble Matter in
7. Reagents
Iron and Copper Powders,” which is a standard of the MPIF.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 Hydrochloric Acid HCl (1:1).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.2 Hydrochloric Acid HCl (1:25).
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 7.3 Nitric Acid (HNO ).
3
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E194 – 06
NOTE 3—Some operators report better reproducibility when increasing
7.4 Nitric Acid HNO (1:1).
3
the metal powder sample size to 10 g. Nevertheless, the precision
7.5 Ammonium Iodide (NH I).
4
statement listed in Section 14 was based on 5 g samples.
8. Sampling
11.2 With caution, add 100 mL of HCl (1:1) (Note 4), and
8.1 The metal powder shall be sampled
...

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