ASTM E1222-90(2016)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of the Insertion Loss of Pipe Lagging Systems
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of the Insertion Loss of Pipe Lagging Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The insertion loss of a pipe lagging system depends upon the lagging system materials, the method used to apply the materials, the pipe wall thickness, the size and shape of the bare and lagged pipe, and the mechanisms causing noise radiation from the pipe. Insertion losses measured using this test method should be used with some caution. In the laboratory, measurements must be made under reproducible conditions, but in practical usage in the field, the conditions that determine the effective insertion loss are difficult to predict and they may lead to slightly different results. Insertion losses measured with this test method can be used successfully for acoustical design purposes. Insertion losses measured with this test method are most useful for pipes and lagging systems which are similar to those used in the laboratory configuration.
5.2 This test method may be used to rank-order pipe lagging systems according to insertion loss or to estimate the field insertion loss of pipe lagging systems installed in the field.
5.3 This test method assumes that pipe wall stresses resulting from different methods of supporting the test pipe in the laboratory do not have a significant effect upon the measured insertion loss.
5.4 Pipe lagging systems typically have small insertion loss, and sometimes negative insertion loss, at frequencies below 500 Hz. The results obtained at frequencies below 500 Hz may be somewhat erratic. Sound sources used with this test method normally have a low frequency limit in the range from 300 to 500 Hz. For these reasons, the lowest band of frequencies for which results are required is centered at 500 Hz.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the insertion loss of pipe lagging systems under laboratory conditions.
1.2 A procedure for accrediting a laboratory for purposes of this test method is given in Annex A1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Designation: E1222 − 90 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Laboratory Measurement of the Insertion Loss of Pipe
1
Lagging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the inser-
3.1 Definitions—The acoustical terms used in this test
tion loss of pipe lagging systems under laboratory conditions. method are consistent with Terminology C634.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 Aprocedure for accrediting a laboratory for purposes of
3.2.1 pipe lagging system—anarrangementofnoiseinsulat-
this test method is given in Annex A1.
ing materials used to cover a pipe to reduce noise radiating
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from it.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Noise is produced inside a steel pipe located within a
reverberation room using band-limited white noise as a test
2. Referenced Documents
signal. The noise must be produced by a loudspeaker or
2
acoustic driver located at one end of the pipe. Average sound
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pressure levels are measured within the reverberation room for
C423TestMethodforSoundAbsorptionandSoundAbsorp-
two conditions, one with sound radiating from the bare pipe
tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
and the other with the same pipe covered with a lagging
C634Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
Acoustics system. The insertion loss of the lagging system is the
difference in the sound pressure levels measured with sound
E90Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne
Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and radiatingfromthebareandlaggedpipe,withanadjustmentfor
changes in room absorption due to the presence of the lagging
Elements
E548Guide for General Criteria Used for Evaluating Labo- system.Theresultsmaybeobtainedinaseriesof100-Hzwide
3
bandsorinone-thirdoctavebandsfrom500to5000Hz.Using
ratory Competence (Withdrawn 2002)
100-Hzwidebandswillimprovethesignal-to-noiseratiointhe
2.2 ANSI Standards:
4
reverberant room. This is frequently necessary when measur-
S1.4Specification for Sound Level Meters
ing specimens having high insertion loss.
S1.6Preferred Frequencies and Band Numbers forAcousti-
4
cal Measurements
5. Significance and Use
S1.11Specification for Octave Band and Fractional-Octave-
4
Band Analog and Digital Filters
5.1 The insertion loss of a pipe lagging system depends
upon the lagging system materials, the method used to apply
the materials, the pipe wall thickness, the size and shape of the
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE33onBuilding
bare and lagged pipe, and the mechanisms causing noise
and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
radiation from the pipe. Insertion losses measured using this
E33.08 on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
test method should be used with some caution. In the
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1222 – 90 (2009).
laboratory, measurements must be made under reproducible
DOI: 10.1520/E1222-90R16.
conditions, but in practical usage in the field, the conditions
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
thatdeterminetheeffectiveinsertionlossaredifficulttopredict
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and they may lead to slightly different results. Insertion losses
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
measured with this test method can be used successfully for
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
acousticaldesignpurposes.Insertionlossesmeasuredwiththis
www.astm.org.
4
test method are most useful for pipes and lagging systems
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. whicharesimilartothoseusedinthelaboratory configuration.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1222 − 90 (2016)
5.2 Thistestmethodmaybeusedtorank-orderpipelagging sion. Any method of t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1222 − 90 (Reapproved 2009) E1222 − 90 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Laboratory Measurement of the Insertion Loss of Pipe
1
Lagging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the insertion loss of pipe lagging systems under laboratory conditions.
1.2 A procedure for accrediting a laboratory for purposes of this test method is given in Annex A1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C423 Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements
3
E548 Guide for General Criteria Used for Evaluating Laboratory Competence (Withdrawn 2002)
2.2 ANSI Standards:
4
S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters
4
S1.6 Preferred Frequencies and Band Numbers for Acoustical Measurements
4
S1.11 Specification for Octave Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The acoustical terms used in this test method are consistent with Terminology C634.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 pipe lagging system—an arrangement of noise insulating materials used to cover a pipe to reduce noise radiating from it.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Noise is produced inside a steel pipe located within a reverberation room using band-limited white noise as a test signal.
The noise must be produced by a loudspeaker or acoustic driver located at one end of the pipe. Average sound pressure levels are
measured within the reverberation room for two conditions, one with sound radiating from the bare pipe and the other with the
same pipe covered with a lagging system. The insertion loss of the lagging system is the difference in the sound pressure levels
measured with sound radiating from the bare and lagged pipe, with an adjustment for changes in room absorption due to the
presence of the lagging system. The results may be obtained in a series of 100-Hz wide bands or in one-third octave bands from
500 to 5000 Hz. Using 100-Hz wide bands will improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the reverberant room. This is frequently
necessary when measuring specimens having high insertion loss.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The insertion loss of a pipe lagging system depends upon the lagging system materials, the method used to apply the
materials, the pipe wall thickness, the size and shape of the bare and lagged pipe, and the mechanisms causing noise radiation from
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.08
on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2016. Published August 2009October 2016. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20022009 as
E1222 – 90 (2002).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/E1222-90R09.10.1520/E1222-90R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1222 − 90 (2016)
the pipe. Insertion losses measured using this test method should be used with some caution. In the laboratory, measurements must
be made under reproducible conditions, but in practical usage in the field, the conditions that d
...
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