ASTM E2589-09
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Nonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization
Standard Terminology Relating to Nonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Interpretation and use of data generated by particle characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions of terms describing that data. It is extremely important that those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when comparing data from different characterization techniques and even when correlating data from the same technique.
It is likewise important that users of particle characterization methods and the data generated therefrom understand the principles of the methods, so that differences and similarities in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles. That understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data from different characterization methods are compared.
The definitions contained in this terminology will aid in the interpretation of particle characterization data with respect to the method(s) used to produce that data.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers the definitions of terms used in the description and procedures of analysis of particulate materials not ordinarily analyzed using test sieves. The terms relate directly to the equipment used in analysis, the physical forms of the materials to be analyzed, and selected descriptive data reduction and analysis formats.
1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization believes that it is essential to include terms and definitions explicit to the committee’s scope, regardless of whether the terms appear in existing ASTM standards. Terms that are in common usage and appear in common-language dictionaries are generally not included, unless they have specific meanings in the context of particle characterization different from the common-language definitions.
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Designation:E2589–09
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Nonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Particle size distribution, surface area, and other forms of particle analysis have been commonly
adopted methods of verifying compliance with desired particle specifications for some time. Greater
emphasis is now being placed on inter- and intralaboratory correlation of all particle measurement
systems.
To ensure a better understanding of the comparison of testing results from particle measurement
systems, terminology relating to the measurements must be clearly defined and documented so that
both the recipient and generator of the data are in full agreement as to the meaning of the data. Every
effort has been made here to ensure accuracy, precision, and clarity for the terms included in this
terminology document. For Committee E29, this is an ongoing process with new terms being
developed and defined for future inclusion. Suggestions and comments for additions, corrections, and
revisions are welcomed.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This terminology covers the definitions of terms used in 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the description and procedures of analysis of particulate E2578 Practice for Calculation of Mean Sizes/Diameters
materials not ordinarily analyzed using test sieves. The terms and Standard Deviations of Particle Size Distributions
relate directly to the equipment used in analysis, the physical
3. Significance and Use
forms of the materials to be analyzed, and selected descriptive
3.1 Interpretation and use of data generated by particle
data reduction and analysis formats.
1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions
of terms describing that data. It is extremely important that
believes that it is essential to include terms and definitions
explicit to the committee’s scope, regardless of whether the those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when
comparing data from different characterization techniques and
terms appear in existing ASTM standards. Terms that are in
common usage and appear in common-language dictionaries even when correlating data from the same technique.
3.2 It is likewise important that users of particle character-
are generally not included, unless they have specific meanings
in the context of particle characterization different from the ization methods and the data generated therefrom understand
the principles of the methods, so that differences and similari-
common-language definitions.
ties in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles.
That understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data
from different characterization methods are compared.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E29 on Particle
and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02
2
on Non-Sieving Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published February 2009. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E2589 – 08b. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2589-09. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2589–09
surface area, volume, or other particle characteristic, depending on
3.3 The definitions contained in this terminology will aid in
which moments of the distribution are used in its calculation. (See, for
the interpretation of particle characterization data with respect
example, Table 1 in Practice E2578.)
to the method(s) used to produce that data.
median particle size, n—the particle size at which half the
4. Terminology
distribution (by mass, volume, number, etc.) is larger than
blind pore, n—open pore having only a single connection with
and half smaller than the stated size.
an external surface. mode, n—a particle size at which the frequency distribution
cumulative distribution, n—the representation of the total
exhibits a maximum.
fraction of the population, expressed as either mass-,
DISCUSSION— Many particle size distributions exhibit multiple local
volume-, area-, or number-based, that is greater than or less
maxima. For such mul
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2589–08b Designation:E2589–09
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Nonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Particle size distribution, surface area, and other forms of particle analysis have been commonly
adopted methods of verifying compliance with desired particle specifications for some time. Greater
emphasis is now being placed on inter- and intralaboratory correlation of all particle measurement
systems.
To ensure a better understanding of the comparison of testing results from particle measurement
systems, terminology relating to the measurements must be clearly defined and documented so that
both the recipient and generator of the data are in full agreement as to the meaning of the data. Every
effort has been made here to ensure accuracy, precision, and clarity for the terms included in this
terminology document. For Committee E29, this is an ongoing process with new terms being
developed and defined for future inclusion. Suggestions and comments for additions, corrections, and
revisions are welcomed.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the definitions of terms used in the description and procedures of analysis of particulate materials
not ordinarily analyzed using test sieves. The terms relate directly to the equipment used in analysis, the physical forms of the
materials to be analyzed, and selected descriptive data reduction and analysis formats.
1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization believes that it is essential to include terms and definitions explicit
to the committee’s scope, regardless of whether the terms appear in existing ASTM standards. Terms that are in common usage
and appear in common-language dictionaries are generally not included, unless they have specific meanings in the context of
particle characterization different from the common-language definitions.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02 on
Non-Sieving Methods.
Current edition approved July 15, 2008.Jan. 1, 2009. Published August 2008.February 2009. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
E 2589 – 08ab.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2589–09
2. Significance and Use
2.1Interpretation and use of data generated by particle characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions of terms
describing that data. It is extremely important that those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when comparing data
from different characterization techniques and even when correlating data from the same technique.
2.2It is likewise important that users of particle characterization methods and the data generated therefrom understand the
principles of the methods, so that differences and similarities in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles. That
understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data from different characterization methods are compared.
2.3The definitions contained in this terminology will aid in the interpretation of particle characterization data with respect to the
method(s) used to produce that data. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 2578 Practice for Calculation of Mean Sizes/Diameters and Standard Deviations of Particle Size Distributions
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Interpretation and use of data generated by particle characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions of terms
describing that data. It is extremely important that those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when comparing data
from different characterization techniques and even when correlating data from the same technique.
3.2 It is likewise important that users of particle characterization methods and the data generated therefrom understand the
principles of the methods, so that differences and similarities in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles. That
understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data from different characterization meth
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2589–08b Designation:E2589–09
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Nonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Particle size distribution, surface area, and other forms of particle analysis have been commonly
adopted methods of verifying compliance with desired particle specifications for some time. Greater
emphasis is now being placed on inter- and intralaboratory correlation of all particle measurement
systems.
To ensure a better understanding of the comparison of testing results from particle measurement
systems, terminology relating to the measurements must be clearly defined and documented so that
both the recipient and generator of the data are in full agreement as to the meaning of the data. Every
effort has been made here to ensure accuracy, precision, and clarity for the terms included in this
terminology document. For Committee E29, this is an ongoing process with new terms being
developed and defined for future inclusion. Suggestions and comments for additions, corrections, and
revisions are welcomed.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the definitions of terms used in the description and procedures of analysis of particulate materials
not ordinarily analyzed using test sieves. The terms relate directly to the equipment used in analysis, the physical forms of the
materials to be analyzed, and selected descriptive data reduction and analysis formats.
1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization believes that it is essential to include terms and definitions explicit
to the committee’s scope, regardless of whether the terms appear in existing ASTM standards. Terms that are in common usage
and appear in common-language dictionaries are generally not included, unless they have specific meanings in the context of
particle characterization different from the common-language definitions.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02 on
Non-Sieving Methods.
Current edition approved July 15, 2008.Jan. 1, 2009. Published August 2008.February 2009. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
E 2589 – 08ab.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2589–09
2. Significance and Use
2.1Interpretation and use of data generated by particle characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions of terms
describing that data. It is extremely important that those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when comparing data
from different characterization techniques and even when correlating data from the same technique.
2.2It is likewise important that users of particle characterization methods and the data generated therefrom understand the
principles of the methods, so that differences and similarities in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles. That
understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data from different characterization methods are compared.
2.3The definitions contained in this terminology will aid in the interpretation of particle characterization data with respect to the
method(s) used to produce that data. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 2578 Practice for Calculation of Mean Sizes/Diameters and Standard Deviations of Particle Size Distributions
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Interpretation and use of data generated by particle characterization methods is highly dependent on the definitions of terms
describing that data. It is extremely important that those terms be defined in precisely the same way both when comparing data
from different characterization techniques and even when correlating data from the same technique.
3.2 It is likewise important that users of particle characterization methods and the data generated therefrom understand the
principles of the methods, so that differences and similarities in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles. That
understanding can help to avoid disagreements when data from different characterization meth
...
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