ASTM F1097-91(2012)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Mortar, Refractory (High-Temperature, Air-Setting)
Standard Specification for Mortar, Refractory (High-Temperature, Air-Setting)
ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying and bonding refractory brick in ship boiler furnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying refractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealing furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heated by electric elements. The refractory mortar shall be of the following types: Type 1 and Type 2. The mortar shall be composed of finely ground heat-resistant clays, minerals, or a mixture of clays and minerals in either a dry or wet condition. Fineness test, heat soak, and bonding strength test shall be performed to conform with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying and bonding refractory brick in ship boiler furnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying refractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealing furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heated by electric elements.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information purposes only and may be approximate.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F1097 −91 (Reapproved 2012) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Mortar, Refractory (High-Temperature, Air-Setting)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C199 Test Method for Pier Test for Refractory Mortars
2.2 Federal Specifications —The following documents shall
1.1 This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mor-
apply only when one or more of the requirements of S1 are
tar for use in laying and bonding refractory brick in ship boiler
furnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying specified in the contract or purchase order (see 4.1.3):
UU-S-48 Sacks, Shipping, Paper
refractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealing
furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heated PPP-B-35 Bags: Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton and Wa-
terproof Laminated
by electric elements.
PPP-B-704 Pails: Shipping, Steel (1 through 12 gallon)
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.3 Military Standards —The following documents shall
as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information
apply only when one or more of the requirements of S1 are
purposes only and may be approximate.
specified in the contract or purchase order (see 4.1.3):
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion by Attributes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Classification
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 The refractory mortar shall be of the following types:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.1 Type 1—Dry.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 Type 2—Wet.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Ordering Information
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
2. Referenced Documents
the following information, as necessary to adequately describe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the material:
C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
Fireclay and High Alumina Refractory Materials
4.1.2 Type required (see 3.1), and
C27 Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory
4.1.3 Optional requirements, if any (see S1).
Brick
C92 Test Methods for Sieve Analysis and Water Content of
5. Material
Refractory Materials
5.1 The mortar shall be composed of finely ground heat-
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
resistant clays, minerals, or a mixture of clays and minerals in
lus of Rupture of Refractories
either a dry or wet condition.
C198 Test Method for Cold Bonding Strength of Refractory
5.1.1 Type 1, Dry—Mortar shall be furnished dry and shall
Mortar
be ready for use as soon as mixed with water. Mortar, after
being mixed with water and then dried, shall be capable of
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
being remixed with water.
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
5.1.2 Type 2, Wet—Mortar shall be furnished ready for use
General Requirements.
at a trowelling consistency and shall be easily mixed with
Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1097 – 91 (2006). water to a dipping consistency.
DOI: 10.1520/F1097-91R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
the ASTM website. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
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F1097−91 (2012)
6. Performance Requirements composite. There shall be no evidence of failure to meet the
specified unit or average requirements.
6.1 Resistance to Heat Soaking—Mortar shall not soften nor
show any evidence of fusion, and the shrinkage shall not be 9.3 The PCE shall be determined on two cones of different
samples from each lot. If both cones fail, this shall be cause for
greater than hairline cracks when tested as specified in 11.2.
rejection without retest. If either cone fails, three additional
6.2 Bonding Strength—The average modulus of rupture at
cones shall be made, each from a different sample. If any one
the brick joint when tested as specified in 11.3 shall be not less
of the three retest cones fail, this shall be cause for rejection.
than shown in Table 1.
10. Specimen Preparation
6.3 Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE)—The PCE shall be
not less than cone 32 (see 11.4).
10.1 The entire mortar sample for testing shall be thor-
oughly mixed to ensure uniformity before any portion is taken
7. Requirements
for tests. The selected portion of Type 1 (dry) mortar shall be
7.1 Fineness—Mortar shall be ground to such fineness that
mixed with water to a trowelling consistency for the tests of
not more than 5 % shall be retained on a No. 40 ASTM sieve, 11.2 and 11.3.
and not more than 0.5 % shall be held on a No. 30ASTM sieve
10.2 For the test specified in 11.3, brick-mortar joints shall
(see 11.1).
be prepared in accordance with Test Method C198, except that
7.2 Shelf Life, Type 1—Mortar shall show no deterioration refractorybricks,conformingtoClassificationC27,super-duty,
after 1 year’s storage. shall be used and shall be cut in half. The two halves of each
brick shall be placed in a device suitable for bringing, with a
7.3 Shelf Life, Type 2—At any time within one year of
straight motion, the molded ends together with the faces
shipment from the supplier, the mortar in a previously un-
parallel at all times to form a bond.
opened container shall not have stiffened to such an extent as
10.2.1 Asmallquantityofmortarshallbespreadbyatrowel
to interfere with its easy removal and mixing.
on the upper face forming the bond to ensure intimate contact.
7.4 Consistency—Mortar, when tempered with water, shall
Sufficient mortar to give a ⁄8-in. (3-mm) thick layer shall be
be of such consistency that it will be suitable for spreading
spread evenly on the lower bond forming face and the upper
easily with a trowel or for dipping and for laying refractory
half shall be lowered until it is ⁄16 in. (2 mm) from the lower
brick and bonding them together upon drying and upon
half. The excess mortar shall be cut from the joint, flush with
subsequent heating at furnace temperatures. Mortar shall retain
the sides of the brick. The unit thus formed shall be removed
this degree of workability for 2 h.
at once from the bond-forming machine. The bond specimens
7.4.1 The mixed mortar shall have sufficient water retention
shall be allowed to air-dry for 24 h.
to permit a ⁄16-in. (2-mm) joint to be made with a trowelling
11. Test Methods
consistency, but not allow the newly laid brick to float out of
position.
11.1 Fineness—The fineness test shall be made in accor-
dance with Test Methods C92.
8. Workmanship
11.2 Heat Soak:
8.1 Workmanship shall be first class in every respect. There
11.2.1 A pier of refractory brick, conforming to Classifica-
shall be no foreign material or caked aggregate lumps in the
tion C27, super-duty, laid up with the test mortar shall be
mortar. Wet mortar shall be easily removed from the container
prepared and heated at 2910°F (1588°C) for5hin accordance
and shall mix easily to a uniform trowelling consistency.
with Test Method C199.
11.2.2 The cooled pier shall be examined for evidence of
9. Sampling
shrinkage, softening, or fusion of the mortar. One or more
9.1
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