ASTM A571/A571M-01(2006)

Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service. The castings covered here are Type D-2M, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. The castings shall be made in the electric-arc furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which is capable of producing castings. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, chromium, and phosphorus. The castings shall undergo tension tests and impact tests, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness, and Charpy V-notch.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron, Type D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and free of flake graphite. They are essentially free of carbides and contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic matrix down to -423°F; [-252°C] (liquid hydrogen).
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2006
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.02 - Malleable and Ductile Iron Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A571/A571M-01 - Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM A571/A571M-01(2011) - Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A834-95(2020) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A571/A571M – 01 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing
Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA571/A571M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
2 E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron, Type
Metallic Materials
D-2M, Classes 1 and 2, for compressors, expanders, pumps,
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
for low-temperature service.
E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
1.2 These grades of austenitic ductile iron are characterized
of Chemical Composition
by having their graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and
free of flake graphite.They are essentially free of carbides and
3. Ordering Information
contain sufficient alloy content to produce a stable austenitic
3.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
matrix down to −423°F [−252°C] (liquid hydrogen).
the following information:
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
beregardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,
areshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenot
3.1.3 Material class (Table 1),
exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde-
3.1.4 Impact test temperature requirement (Section 11),
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
3.1.5 Place of inspection (Section 13), and
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
3.1.6 Certification requirements (Section 14).
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
4. Materials and Manufacture
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
4.1 Material—The iron shall be made in the electric-arc
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
is capable of producing castings meeting the chemical compo-
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
sitions and mechanical properties in this specification.
tions prior to use.
4.2 Heat Treatment:
4.2.1 All castings shall be heat treated.
2. Referenced Documents
3 4.2.2 Heat treatment shall be performed before machining
2.1 ASTM Standards:
except in instances when reheat treating is necessary.
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
4.2.3 Heat treatment shall consist of annealing. The proce-
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
dure for this type treatment shall consist of heating the casting
to a minimum of 1600°F [870°C] but not greater than 1800°F
This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04 on
[980°C]holdingatthattemperaturenotlessthan1h/in.[1h/25
Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA04.02 on Malleable
mm] of section and furnace cooling. (See TerminologyA941.)
and Ductile Iron Castings.
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
5. Chemical Requirements
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A571/A571M–01.
DOI: 10.1520/A0571_A0571M-01R06.
5.1 Drillings taken from test coupons, broken test speci-
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
mens or castings shall conform to the requirements as to
cation SA-571 in Section II of that code.
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Withdrawn.
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A571/A571M – 01 (2006)
A
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [mPa] 65 60 [450] [415]
B
Yield Strength 0.2 % (offset), min, ksi [mPa] 30 25 [205] [170]
Elongation, min, % 30 25 30 25
Brinell Hardness, 3000 kg [kgf] 121–171 111–171 121–171 111–171
Charpy V-notch, ft·lbf [J]
min, average 3 tests 15 20 [20] [27]
C
min, individual test 12 15 [16] [20]
A
Heat-treated condition.
B
Yield Strength shall be determined at 0.2 % offset by the offset method, see Test Methods E8. Other methods may be agreed upon by mutual consent of manufacturer
and purchaser.
C
Not more than one test in a set of three may be below the minimum average required for the set of three.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
8. Sampling
8.1 The standard test coupons shall be the 1-in. [25-mm]
Element Composition, %
“Y”blockand1-in.[25-mm]keelblockasshowninFig.1and
A
Fig. 2, respectively.
Total carbon 2.2–2.7
Silicon 1.5–2.50
8.2 The separately cast test coupons from which the tension
Manganese 3.75–4.5
test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape
Nickel 21.0–24.0
B
shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2. The size of coupon cast to represent
Chromium 0.20 max
Phosphorus 0.08 max
the casting shall be at the option of the purchaser. In case no
A 1
For castings with sections under ⁄4 in. [6 mm], it may be desirable to adjust the
option is expressed, the manufacturer shall make the choice.
carbon upwards to a maximum of 2.90 %.
8.3 Test coupons shall be poured immediately after the
B
Not intentionally added.
castings and from the same ladle of metal. Test coupons shall
be left in the mold until they have cooled black. Test coupons
shall be included in the same furnace load as the castings they
5.2 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made on
represent (see Fig. 3).
either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or thin wafers ap-
proximately ⁄32-in. [0.8-mm] thick cut from test coupons.
9. Number of Tests and Retests
Drillings shall not be used because of attendant loss of
9.1 Test coupons shall be poured from each ladle treated
graphite.
with nodulizing agent unless otherwise specified.
6. Physical Property Requirements
6.1 Tensile Properties—The room temperature mechanical
propertiesofthetwoclassesofductileironusedforthecasting
shallconformtotherequirementsfortheheat-treatedcondition
shown in Table 1.
6.2 Impact Properties—The notched-bar impact properties
of the materials shall be determined by testing a set of three
Charpy V-notch impact specimens to the energy absorption
requirements shown in Table 1. The test temperature shall be
agreeduponbythemanufacturerandthepurchaser.Theenergy
absorption value shown in Table 1 are applicable at tempera-
tures down to and including −320°F [−195°C].
6.3 Brinell Hardness—The room temperature hardness of
“Y’’ Block Size
test bars and castings shall conform to the requirements of
“Y” Block Size
Table 1.
For Castings For Castings For Castings
Dimen- of Thickness of Thickness of Thickness
1 1 1 1
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
sions Less Than ⁄2 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2 in. of 1 ⁄2 in. [40 mm]
in. [12.5 mm] [12.5 to 40 mm] and Over
7.1 The castings shall conform to the dimensions and
in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm]
tolerances on the drawings furnished by the purchaser, or if no
A ⁄2 [12.5] 1 [25] 3 [75]
drawing has been provided, to the dimensions predicated by
B 1 [25] 2 ⁄8 [55] 5 [125]
thepatternsuppliedbythepurchaser.Thecastingsshallbefree
C 2 [50] 3 [75] 4 [100]
from injurious defects. Surfaces of the castings shall be free of D 4 [100] 6 [150] 8 [200
...