ASTM D4921-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants at Room Temperature
Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants at Room Temperature
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test method will generally identify coolants that have a tendency to foam excessively at room temperature.
Note 1: In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be increased by service aging or contamination.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method applies to a simple shake test for evaluating the tendency of an aqueous solution of engine coolant to foam at room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4921 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants at Room
1
Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
4.1 The test method will generally identify coolants that
1.1 This test method applies to a simple shake test for
have a tendency to foam excessively at room temperature.
evaluating the tendency of an aqueous solution of engine
coolant to foam at room temperature.
NOTE 1—In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be
increased by service aging or contamination.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Apparatus
standard.
5.1 GraduatedCylinders—100 mLgraduated cylinders with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
plastic stoppers are preferred for ease of handling.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 Water Bath—A water bath or equivalent device capable
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of maintaining temperature at 22.5 °C 6 2.5 °C.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Reagents
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
6.1 Deionized Water.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
7. Test Conditions
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
7.1 Test Temperature—The test solution shall be maintained
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
at 22.5 °C 6 2.5 °C for 30 min before shaking.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
7.2 Shake Rate—The graduated cylinder containing the test
2. Referenced Documents solution should be shaken vigorously for 30 s before a reading
of the foam volume is taken.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7.3 Number of Tests—Each test solution should be tested in
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
triplicate, using a freshly prepared test solution for each test.
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts for Testing Purposes
8. Test Procedure
3. Summary of Test Method
8.1 Prepare three 50 mL samples of a 30 % by volume
3.1 A 30 % by volume coolant concentrate solution is
(15 mL) coolant solution in deionized water. Use 100 mL
prepared in deionized water and shaken in a stoppered gradu-
graduated cylinders.
ated cylinder for 30 s. The volume of foam formed in the
8.2 The graduated cylinders should be stoppered and placed
cylinder is read in millilitres. Preparation of the sample is done
in the constant 22.5 °C 6 2.5 °C temperature water bath.
in accordance with Practice D1176.
Ensure that the test solution is submerged below the water
level. Allow the test solutions to equilibrate in the bath for 30
min.
1
This test method is under the j
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4921 − 95 (Reapproved 2012) D4921 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants at Room
1
Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method applies to a simple shake test for evaluating the tendency of an aqueous solution of engine coolant to foam
at room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A30 % A 30 % by volume coolant concentrate solution is prepared in deionized water and shaken in a stoppered graduated
cylinder for 30 s. The volume of foam formed in the cylinder is read in millilitres. Preparation of the sample is done in accordance
with Test Method Practice D1176.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The test method will generally identify coolants that have a tendency to foam excessively at room temperature.
NOTE 1—In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be increased by service aging or contamination.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Graduated Cylinders—100-mL 100 mL graduated cylinders with plastic stoppers are preferred for ease of handling.
5.2 Water Bath—A water bath or equivalent device capable of maintaining temperature at 2022.5 °C 6 1°C.2.5 °C.
6. Reagents
6.1 Deionized Water.
7. Test Conditions
7.1 Test Temperature—The test solution shall be maintained at 2022.5 °C 6 1°C2.5 °C for 30 min before shaking.
7.2 Shake Rate—The graduated cylinder containing the test solution should be shaken vigorously for 30 s before a reading of
the foam volume is taken.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.06 on
Glassware Performance Tests.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012April 1, 2020. Published November 2012April 2020. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
D4921 – 95D4921–95(2012).(2006). DOI: 10.1520/D4921-95R12.10.1520/D4921–20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@as
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