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ASTM C1877-18

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units

Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete masonry units intended for use as an interior and exterior adhered veneer and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Adhered concrete masonry units covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 2: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of adhered concrete masonry units having the desired features.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
Drafting Committee
C15.03 - Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C1877-19 - Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Referred By
ASTM C1780-23a - Standard Practice for Installation Methods for Cement-based Adhered Masonry Veneer
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018

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ASTM C1877-18 - Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry UnitsASTM C1877-18 - Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units
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ASTM C1877-18 - Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1877 −18
Standard Specification for
1
Adhered Concrete Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C331/C331M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for
Concrete Masonry Units
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete ma-
C426 Test Method for Linear Drying Shrinkage of Concrete
sonry units intended for use as an interior and exterior adhered
Masonry Units
veneer and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
materials.
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and
C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Col-
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
ored Concrete
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
considered as requirements of the standard.
Concrete and Mortars
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical Cement
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
Mixtures
NOTE 1—Adhered concrete masonry units covered by this specification
C1670/C1670M Specification for Adhered Manufactured
are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Stone Masonry Veneer Units
NOTE 2—When particular features are desired, such as density
classification, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire
3. Terminology
resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such
properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply
should be consulted as to the availability of adhered concrete masonry
for this specification.
units having the desired features.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.1 adhered concrete masonry unit, n—a nonloadbearing
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
concrete masonry unit designed to be installed with a cemen-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
titious mortar to a backing surface.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Materials and Manufacture
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Cementitious Materials—Materials shall conform to the
2. Referenced Documents
following applicable specifications:
2
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150/C150M.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2 Modified Portland Cement—Portland cement con-
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
forming to Specification C150/C150M, modified as follows:
C140/C140M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Con-
4.1.2.1 Limestone—Calcium carbonate, with a minimum
crete Masonry Units and Related Units
85 % CaCO content, is permitted to be added to the cement,
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement 3
provided these requirements of Specification C150/C150M as
modified are met:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue—1.5 %.
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
(2) Limitation on Air Content of Mortar—Volume percent,
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
22 % max.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. DOI:
10.1520/C1877-18
(3) Limitation on Loss on Ignition—7 %.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1.3 Blended Hydraulic Cements—Specification C595/
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
C595M.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.1.4 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157/C1157M.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1877−18
4.1.5 Pozzolans—Specification C618. 6.2 Units shall have an average minimum thickness of 0.75
4.1.6 Blast Furnace Slag Cement—Specification C989/ in. (19 mm).
C989M.
6.3 The specified thickness of each unit s
...

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Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units

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1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete masonry units intended for use as an interior and exterior adhered veneer and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.  
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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C596-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
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1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2  
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ASTM C1260-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of detecting the potential of an aggregate intended for use in concrete for undergoing alkali-silica reaction resulting in potentially deleterious internal expansion. It is based on the NBRI Accelerated Test Method (1-4).3 It is especially useful for aggregates that react slowly or produce expansion late in the reaction. However, it does not evaluate combinations of aggregates with cementitious materials nor are the test conditions representative of those encountered by concrete in service.  
4.2 Because the specimens are exposed to a NaOH solution, the alkali content of the cement is not a significant factor in affecting expansions.  
4.3 Results of tests conducted on an aggregate as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether precautions should be taken against excessive expansion due to alkali-silica reaction. Refer to Guide C1778 for the interpretation of the test results from Test Method C1260.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method permits detection, within 16 days, of the potential for deleterious alkali-silica reaction of aggregate in mortar bars.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When this test method refers to combined-unit standards, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C926-23a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Application of Portland Cement-Based Plaster

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for the application of full thickness Portland cement-based plaster for exterior (stucco) and interior work. It also sets forth tables for proportioning of various plaster mixes and plaster thickness. The materials used shall consist of the following: cement which shall be a Portland cement, air-entraining Portland cement, masonry cement, blended hydraulic cement, air-entraining blended hydraulic cement, or plastic cement; Type S hydrated lime; aggregates such as perlite and sand for base and job-mixed finish coats; water to be used in mixing; admixtures; and fibers. Surfaces of solid bases such as masonry, stone, cast-in-place or precast concrete shall be prepared either by sandblasting, wire brushing, acid etching, chipping, or a combination thereof. Details on curing to resist cracking; materials protection and storage; environmental conditions; and application of plaster, finish-coat, and fog-coat, which shall be done by hand or machine up to the specified nominal thickness on metal and solid plaster bases are discussed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum technical requirements for the application of full thickness portland cement-based plaster for exterior (stucco) and interior work. These requirements do not by default define a unit of work or assign responsibility for contractual purposes, which is the purview of a contract or contracts made between contracting entities.  
1.2 This specification sets forth tables for proportioning of various plaster mixes and plaster thickness.
Note 1: General information is found in Annex A1. Design considerations are found in Annex A2.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
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ASTM C114-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Specific chemical test methods are grouped as reference test methods and alternative test methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements and are also required for referee analysis in those cases where conformance to chemical specification requirements are questioned. Apparatus and materials for the test method include balance, weights, glassware and laboratory containers, desiccators, filter paper, crucibles, and muffle furnace. Standard reagents for the test method shall be used within the limits of the specification. These reagents shall include purity agents, water, repackaged reagents, concentrated acids and ammonium hydroxide, nonstandardized solutions, and indicator solutions. Sample preparation and general test procedures shall be followed according to the specification. General procedures include sample weighing, taring of crucibles, weighing of ignited residues, volatilization of platinum, chemical analyses, and calculation. Reporting of analyses shall be of the following order: major components, minor components, and separate determinations. Reference test methods and procedures include determination of insoluble residue, silicon dioxide, ammonium hydroxide group, ferric oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur, loss on ignition, sodium and potassium oxides, manganic oxide, chloride, chloroform-soluble organic substances. Alternative test methods and procedures include determination of calcium oxide, calcium dioxide, magnesium oxide, loss on ignition, titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganic oxide, and free calcium oxide. The standardization used for qualification and for analysis of each constituent shall be determined by valid curve-fitting procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.  
1.2 Contents:    
Section  
Subject    
2  
Referenced Documents  
4  
Description of Referee Analyses  
4.1  
Referee Analyses  
5  
Qualification for Different Analyses  
5.1  
Certified Reference Materials  
5.2  
Requirements for Qualification Testing  
5.3  
Alternative Analyses  
5.4  
Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods  
6  
General  
6.1  
Interferences and Limitations  
6.2  
Apparatus and Materials  
6.3  
Reagents  
6.4  
Sample Preparation  
6.5  
General Procedures  
6.6  
Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses    
Reference Test Methods    
7  
Insoluble Residue  
8  
Silicon Dioxide  
8.2  
Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %  
8.3  
Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %  
9  
Ammonium Hydroxide Group  
10  
Ferric Oxide  
11  
Phosphorus Pentoxide  
12  
Titanium Dioxide  
13  
Zinc Oxide  
14  
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Calcium Oxide  
16  
Magnesium Oxide  
17  
Sulfur  
17.1  
Sulfur Trioxide  
17.2  
Sulfide  
18  
Loss On Ignition  
18.1  
Portland Cement  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method offers a means of comparing the relative linear shrinkage and coefficient of thermal expansion.  
4.1.1 The material to be tested is placed in the mold in a fluid or plastic state. As the material makes a transition to a solid state, it adheres to and captures the end studs.  
4.1.2 The linear shrinkage measured is the change in length that occurs after the material is rigid enough and strong enough to move the studs.  
4.2 This test method can be used for research purposes to provide information on linear changes taking place in the test materials. Other dimensional changes may occur that do not manifest themselves as changes in length.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the linear shrinkage during setting and curing and the coefficient of thermal expansion of chemical-resistant mortars, grouts, monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes.  
1.2 A bar of square cross-section is cast to a prescribed length in a mold that holds measuring studs that are captured in the ends of the finished casting.  
1.2.1 The change in length after curing is measured and used to calculate shrinkage.
Note 1: Shrinkage determinations should not be made on sulfur mortars, since this test method cannot truly reflect the overall linear shrinkage of a sulfur mortar.  
1.2.2 The change in length at a specific elevated temperature is measured and used to calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion.  
1.3 This test method is limited to materials with aggregate size of 0.25 in. (6 mm) or less.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum requirements for lathing and furring accessories and fasteners used as components of interior and exterior portland cement-based plaster assemblies for facilitating lathing and furring installation, cement plaster application, and functionality of the completed stucco cladding assembly. Lathing and furring accessories, and fasteners shall be free of deleterious amounts of rust, oil, or other foreign matter that could cause bond failure or unsightly discoloration; shall include key attachment flanges or solid attachment flanges; and shall be configured to accommodate application of the specified cement plaster thickness. Lathing accessories serving a drainage function shall include a drainage surface and a solid attachment flange. lathing accessories to facilitate drainage include weep screed, designated drainage screed, and perforations; lathing accessories to reinforce corners include internal corner reinforcement and external corner reinforcement; lathing accessories to reduce cracking include expansion joint and control joint; furring accessories include rod hanger, strap hanger, cold-rolled channel furring, and Z-furring.
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ASTM C1280-18(2023)(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of application of gypsum sheathing for use as a substrate for exterior wall cladding. Gypsum sheathing board is a substrate that shall be covered by an exterior cladding or other weather-resistive barrier and is not intended for long-term exposure. Framing members shall be installed so that the surface will be in an even plane, unless otherwise specified, after the gypsum sheathing has been applied. The gypsum sheathing shall be cut by scoring and breaking or by sawing, working from the face side. The cut edges and ends of gypsum sheathing shall be trimmed to obtain neat fitting joints when installed. Gypsum sheathing shall be fitted snugly around all window and door openings. Control joints, other accessories, and metal plaster base shall be fastened through gypsum sheathing to framing members. Where fire resistance or shear resistance is not required, and when metal lath and Portland cement plaster are to be applied as the exterior cladding over gypsum sheathing installed over framing members and the metal lath shall be installed after the gypsum sheathing, the gypsum sheathing shall be permitted to be applied and fastening of the gypsum sheathing shall be completed with the attachment of the self-furred metal lath.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for and methods of application of exterior gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for use as a substrate for exterior cladding.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for interior applications.  
1.2 Details of construction for a specific assembly to achieve the required fire resistance shall be obtained from reports of fire-resistance tests, engineering evaluations, or listings from recognized fire testing laboratories.  
1.2.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the fire-rated construction.  
1.3 Where sound control is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the acoustical test report of an assembly that has met the required acoustical value(s).  
1.3.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the sound-rated construction.  
1.4 Where resistance to racking loads or shear is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the racking or shear test report of an assembly that has met the required racking or shear value(s).  
1.4.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the racking or shear-tested construction.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM C51-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used by the Industry)

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.  
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)  
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.  
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1810/C1810M-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Comparing Performance of Concrete-Making Materials Using Mortar Mixtures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results of mortar mixture tests can be suitable for comparing the relative performance of combinations of concrete-making materials such as fine aggregate, chemical admixtures, supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), water, and hydraulic cement. Furthermore, this guide can be useful to identify unexpected performances due to combination of various materials. The relative trends in performance observed with the mortar method may suggest relative performance in concrete mixtures batched with the same materials and relative mixture proportions.  
4.2 While there are a number of ways to proportion and mix mortar mixtures, four procedures described in this guide have been used extensively for evaluating the performance of admixtures. Method A enables evaluation of materials using mixture proportions that correspond to specific job conditions. Method B can be used as a general mixture using fixed amounts of a standard sand, cement, and supplementary cementitious materials. Method C is a modified version of Test Method C359 to evaluate the impact of chemical admixtures on the early stiffening of a mortar prepared with specified amounts of job cement, a standard sand, and an amount of water that will produce a mortar with a specified initial penetration measured in accordance with Test Method C359. The measurements of penetration over time can be related to the early stiffening processes associated with false and flash set. Method D is a modified version of Test Method C185 whereby the mortar mixture can be prepared with various combinations of chemical admixtures, supplementary cementitious materials, and job water. Methods A and B would be most applicable for investigating material incompatibility issues associated with ready mixed concrete, while Method C would be applicable for concrete mixed for a short period of time in stationary mixers and transported to the forms in non-agitating equipment. Method D is suitable for all concrete mixing processes and is...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information on how to compare the relative performance and potential incompatibility of combinations of concrete-making materials. Performance tests on fresh and early-age properties of mortar mixtures can be useful indicators of concrete performance using similar materials. The performance tests described in this guide include mortar-slump, mortar spread, mortar-workability retention, early stiffening of mortar, time of setting, air entrainment, and hydration kinetics.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with this guide. Some values only have SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in guide.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off