ASTM C119-14e1
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
Standard Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
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´1
Designation: C119 − 14
StandardTerminology Relating to
1
Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—The terms sample, specifying authority, and specimen were added editorially under General Terms in December
2015.
INTRODUCTION
Dimension stone,asusedhere,isnaturalstonethathasbeenselectedandfabricatedtospecificsizes
or shapes, with or without one or more mechanically dressed or finished surfaces, for use as building
facing, curbing, paving stone, monuments and memorials, and various industrial products. The term
dimension stone is in contradistinction to crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate,
roadstone, fill, or chemical raw materials. Because all stone is a natural material, the definition
excludes all manmade materials that simulate stone. In common practice, some dimension stones are
reinforced, filled, or surface treated.
Terms used in definitions and nomenclature shall be interpreted in accordance with commonly
accepted scientific and technical terms of the geological sciences except as otherwise specifically
noted.
Examples of such exceptions are the broader commercial definitions of granite and marble, which
have become well established in the dimension stone industry and trade. Definitions and terms
includedinthesedefinitionshavebeenformulatedinaccordancewithcommonindustrialusage where
this is not in conflict with current scientific usage.
GENERAL TERMS building stone—natural rock of adequate quality to be quar-
riedandcutasdimensionstoneasitexistsinnature,asused
anchor—in general, a metal shape inserted into a slot or hole
in the construction industry.
in the stone that provides for the transfer of loads from the
chip—an irregularly shaped fragment dislodged from a stone
stone to the building structure, either directly or through an
intermediate structure. surface.
cladding—nonload-bearing stone used as the facing material
anchorage—the system consisting of stone, anchor and pri-
in wall construction that contains other materials.
mary structure, secondary structure or back-up preventing
lateral movement of the stone.
coping—dimension stone used as the top course of a masonry
wall, often sloped to shed water.
arris—thejunctionoftwoplanesofthesamestoneformingan
external edge.
crack—a partial break in the stone (see fracture, microcrack,
seam).
ashlar—(1) a squared block of building stone; (2) a masonry
of such stones; (3) a thin-dressed rectangle of stone for
cubic stock—in general, a thick dimension stone unit which is
facing of walls (often called ashlar veneer).
not precisely defined in terms of thickness for every kind of
stone, particularly for limestone and sandstone. For marble
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or granite, cubic stock is a unit that is greater than 50 mm in
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.91 on
thickness. For limestone, cubic stock is a unit that is greater
Nomenclature and Definitions.
than 75 mm to 100 mm in thickness, and for sandstone, a
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
unit that is greater than 150 mm to 200 mm in thickness. (In
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C119–11. DOI:
10.1520/C0119-14E01. contrast, see thin stone.)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C119 − 14
cut stone—stone fabricated to specific dimensions. installation—theprocessofassemblingdimensionstoneintoa
structure.
dimension stone—natural stone that has been selected and
fabricated to specific sizes or shapes.
lamination—when applied to the processing of dimension
DISCUSSION—The term dimension stone is in contradistinction to
stone, refers to the adhesive bonding of multiple layers of
crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate, roadstone, fill,
stone, or stone to other materials.
orchemicalrawmaterials.Incommonpractice,somedimensionstones
are reinforced, filled, or surface treated. liner—a small block of stone secured to the rear face of a
dimension stone panel with pins and adhesive for the
dressed stone—See cut stone, finished stone.
purpose of providing a concealed horizontal bearing surface
durability—the measure of the ability of dimension stone to
(see Fig. 3a and 3b in C1242).
endure and to maintain its essential and distinctive
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C119 − 14 C119 − 14
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—The terms sample,specifying authority, and specimen were added editorially under General Terms in December
2015.
INTRODUCTION
Dimension stone, as used here, is natural stone that has been selected and fabricated to specific sizes
or shapes, with or without one or more mechanically dressed or finished surfaces, for use as building
facing, curbing, paving stone, monuments and memorials, and various industrial products. The term
dimension stone is in contradistinction to crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate,
roadstone, fill, or chemical raw materials. Because all stone is a natural material, the definition
excludes all manmade materials that simulate stone. In common practice, some dimension stones are
reinforced, filled, or surface treated.
Terms used in definitions and nomenclature shall be interpreted in accordance with commonly
accepted scientific and technical terms of the geological sciences except as otherwise specifically
noted.
Examples of such exceptions are the broader commercial definitions of granite and marble, which
have become well established in the dimension stone industry and trade. Definitions and terms
included in these definitions have been formulated in accordance with common industrial usage where
this is not in conflict with current scientific usage.
GENERAL TERMS
anchor—in general, a metal shape inserted into a slot or hole in the stone that provides for the transfer of loads from the stone
to the building structure, either directly or through an intermediate structure.
anchorage—the system consisting of stone, anchor and primary structure, secondary structure or back-up preventing lateral
movement of the stone.
arris—the junction of two planes of the same stone forming an external edge.
ashlar—(1) a squared block of building stone; (2) a masonry of such stones; (3) a thin-dressed rectangle of stone for facing of
walls (often called ashlar veneer).
building stone—natural rock of adequate quality to be quarried and cut as dimension stone as it exists in nature, as used in the
construction industry.
chip—an irregularly shaped fragment dislodged from a stone surface.
cladding—nonload-bearing stone used as the facing material in wall construction that contains other materials.
coping—dimension stone used as the top course of a masonry wall, often sloped to shed water.
crack—a partial break in the stone (see fracture, microcrack, seam).
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.91 on Nomenclature and
Definitions.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C119 – 11. DOI:
10.1520/C0119-14.10.1520/C0119-14E01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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C119 − 14
cubic stock—in general, a thick dimension stone unit which is not precisely defined in terms of thickness for every kind of stone,
particularly for limestone and sandstone. For marble or granite, cubic stock is a unit that is greater than 50 mm in thickness. For
limestone, cubic stock is a unit that is greater than 75 mm to 100 mm in thickness, and for sandstone, a unit that is greater than
150 mm to 200 mm in thickness. (In contrast, see thin stone.)
cut stone—stone fabricated to specific dimensions.
dimension stone—natural stone that has been selected and fabricated to specific sizes or shapes.
DISCUSSION—
The term dimension stone is in contradistinction to crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate, roadstone, fill, or chemical raw materials.
In common practice, some dimension stones are reinforced, filled, or surface treated.
dressed stone—See cut stone, finished stone.
durability—the measure of the ability of dimension stone to endure and to maintain its essential and distinctive characteristics of
strength, resistance to decay, and
...
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