ASTM B88M-05(2011)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube [Metric]
Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube [Metric]
ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless copper alloy water tubes for general plumbing and similar applications in fluid conveyance. These water tubes made from UNS C10200, C12000, and C12200 copper alloys are commonly used with solder, flared, or compression-type fittings. The materials should be cold-drawn to size and the tubes finished by cold working and annealing to produce the required temper and surface finish. When tubes are furnished in coils, annealing is done after coiling, while those furnished in straight lengths should be in the drawn temper. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in inch-pound units, but rather, in metric or SI units only.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
For purposes of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in Table 8, an observed value or calculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.
TABLE 8 Rounding Units PropertyRounded Unit for Observed or
Calculated Value Chemical composition
Hardnessnearest unit in the last right-hand place of
figures of the specified limit Tensile strengthnearest 5 MPa Expansionnearest 1 % Grain size: Up to 0.055 mm, inclnearest multiple of 0.005 mm Over 0.055 to 0.160
mm, inclnearest 0.01 mm
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless copper water tube suitable for general plumbing, similar applications for the conveyance of fluids, and commonly used with solder, flared, or compression-type fittings. The type of copper water tube suitable for any particular application is determined by the internal or external fluid pressure, by the installation and service conditions, and by local requirements. Means of joining or bending are also factors that affect the selection of the type of tube to be used.
Note 1—Annealed tube is suitable for use with flared or compression fittings, and with solder-type fittings, provided rounding and sizing of the tube ends is performed where needed.
Note 2—Drawn temper tube is suitable for use with solder-type fittings. Types A and B tube, in the drawn temper, are suitable for use with certain types and sizes of compression fittings.
Note 3—This specification is the metric companion of Specification B88.
1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following coppers, and the manufacturer has the option to supply any one of them, unless otherwise specified: Copper
UNS No. Previously Used
DesignationDescription C10200OFOxygen free without
residual deoxidants C12000DLPPhosphorus deoxidized,
low residual phosphorus C12200DHPPhosphorus deoxidized,
high residual phosphorus
1.3 The assembly of copper plumbing or fire sprinkler systems by soldering is described in Practice B828.
1.4 Solders for joining copper potable water or fire sprinkler systems are covered by Specification B32. The requirements for acceptable fluxes for these systems are covered by Specification B813.
1.5 This specification is the SI companion to Specification B88.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 15, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B88M −05(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Specification for
Seamless Copper Water Tube (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B88M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.3 The assembly of copper plumbing or fire sprinkler
systems by soldering is described in Practice B828.
1.1 This specification covers seamless copper water tube
1.4 Soldersforjoiningcopperpotablewaterorfiresprinkler
suitable for general plumbing, similar applications for the
systems are covered by Specification B32. The requirements
conveyance of fluids, and commonly used with solder, flared,
for acceptable fluxes for these systems are covered by Speci-
or compression-type fittings. The type of copper water tube
fication B813.
suitable for any particular application is determined by the
internal or external fluid pressure, by the installation and
1.5 This specification is the SI companion to Specification
serviceconditions,andbylocalrequirements.Meansofjoining
B88.
or bending are also factors that affect the selection of the type
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
of tube to be used.
test methods portion, Section 15, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
NOTE 1—Annealed tube is suitable for use with flared or compression
fittings, and with solder-type fittings, provided rounding and sizing of the if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
tube ends is performed where needed.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
NOTE2—Drawntempertubeissuitableforusewithsolder-typefittings.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
TypesAand B tube, in the drawn temper, are suitable for use with certain
tions prior to use.
types and sizes of compression fittings.
NOTE 3—This specification is the metric companion of Specification
2. Referenced Documents
B88.
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following coppers,
of material purchase form a part of this specification to the
and the manufacturer has the option to supply any one of them,
extent referenced herein:
unless otherwise specified:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
Copper Previously Used Description
B32 Specification for Solder Metal
UNS No. Designation
B88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
C10200 OF Oxygen free without
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and
residual deoxidants
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
C12000 DLP Phosphorus deoxidized,
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-
low residual phosphorus
C12200 DHP Phosphorus deoxidized,
gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
high residual phosphorus
B601 ClassificationforTemperDesignationsforCopperand
Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
B813 Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Solder-
ing of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
B828 Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of
and CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe
and Tube.
Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally
E2 Methods of Preparation of Micrographs of Metals and
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B88M – 05. DOI:
10.1520/B0088M-05R11.
2 3
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
of a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.”The suffix is permitted to be used to accommodate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
composition variations of the base alloy.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B88M−05 (2011)
Alloys (Including Recommended Practice for Photogra- 3.2.1 capable of—as used in this specification, the test need
phy As Applied to Metallography); Replaced by E 883 not be performed by the producer of the material. However,
(Withdrawn 1983) should subsequent testing by the purchaser establish that the
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens materialdoesnotmeettheserequirements,thematerialshallbe
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials subject to rejection.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
4. Ordering Information
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1 Include the following information for material ordered
Determine Conformance with Specifications
under this specification.
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,
Copper by Gravimetry
B88M – 03),
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
4 4.1.2 Copper UNS No. (not necessary unless a specific
CopperAlloys(PhotometricMethods)(Withdrawn2010)
copper is desired),
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
4.1.3 Nominal or standard size (Column 1 of Table 1) and
E243 PracticeforElectromagnetic(Eddy-Current)Examina-
whether Type A, B, or C (Section 3),
tion of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
4.1.4 Temper (Section 7),
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
the Determination of Chemical Composition 4.1.5 Length (see 11.5),
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
4.1.6 How furnished: straight or coils,
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
4.1.7 Quantity (pieces) of each size and type,
4.1.8 Inaddition,whenmaterialispurchasedforagenciesof
3. Terminology
the U.S. Government, it shall conform to the Supplementary
3.1 Definitions: Requirements as defined herein when specified in the contract
or purchase order.
3.1.1 coil, n—a length of the product wound into a series of
connected turns. The unqualified term “coil” as applied to tube
4.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-
usually refers to a bunched coil.
fied in the contract or purchase order when required:
3.1.2 bunched, n—a coil in which the turns are bunched and
4.2.1 Tension test (Section 8),
held together such that the cross section of the bunched turns
4.2.2 Grain size determination (Section 8),
is approximately circular.
4.2.3 Expansion test (9.1), and
3.1.3 double layer flat, n—a coil in which the product is
4.2.4 Microscopical Examination for Hydrogen Embrittle-
spirally wound into two connected disk-like layers such that
ment, Procedure B (9.3.2).
one layer is on top of the other. (Sometimes called “double
layer pancake coil” or “double layer spirally wound coil.”)
5. Materials and Manufacture
3.1.4 level or traverse wound, n—a coil in which the turns
5.1 The material shall be of such quality and purity that the
are wound into layers parallel to the axis of the coil such that
finished product shall have the properties and characteristics
successive turns in a given layer are next to one another.
prescribed in this specification, and shall be cold worked to
(Sometimes called “helical coil.”)
size.
3.1.5 single layer flat, n—a coil in which the product is
5.2 The tube shall be finished by such cold-working and
spirally wound into a single disk-like layer. (Sometimes called
annealing operations as are necessary to produce the required
“pancake coil” or “single layer spirally wound coil.”)
temper and surface finish.
3.1.6 lengths, n—straight pieces of the product.
5.3 Tube when furnished in coils shall be annealed after
3.1.7 standard, n—uniform lengths recommended in a sim-
coiling.
plified practice recommendation or established as a commer-
cial standard.
5.4 Tube when furnished in straight lengths shall normally
be in the drawn temper. Upon agreement between the manu-
3.1.8 tube, seamless, n—a tube produced with a continuous
facturer or supplier and the purchaser, the manufacturer shall
periphery in all stages of the operations.
have the option to supply annealed straight length tubing.
3.1.9 tube, copper service, n—a bendable copper water tube
for underground water service.
6. Chemical Composition
3.1.10 tube, copper water, n—a seamless copper tube con-
6.1 Thematerialshallconformtothechemicalrequirements
forming to the particular dimensions commercially known as
in Table 2 for the specific type of copper.
Copper Water Tube and designated as Types A, B, and C.
6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presence
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
of other elements. When included in the contract or purchase
order, and agreed upon by the manufacturer or supplier and the
purchaser, limits shall be established and analysis required for
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. unnamed elements.
B88M−05 (2011)
TABLE 1 Dimensions, Mass, and Tolerances in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Metric Copper Water Tube Sizes
(All tolerances are plus and minus except as otherwise indicated.)
Average Outside
Wall Thickness and Tolerances, mm Theoretical Mass, kg/m
A
Diameter Tolerance, mm
Nominal or Outside
Standard Diameter, Type A Type B Type C
Size, mm mm
Annealed Drawn Type A Type B Type C
Wall Toler- Wall Toler- Wall Toler-
B B B
Thickness ance Thickness ance Thickness ance
C
6 6.0 0.05 0.03 0.80 0.08 0.70 0.07 0.60 0.117 0.104 0.091
C
8 8.0 0.05 0.03 0.90 0.09 0.80 0.08 0.60 0.179 0.162 0.125
C
10 10.0 0.05 0.03 0.90 0.09 0.80 0.08 0.60 0.230 0.207 0.158
12 12.0 0.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 0.90 0.09 0.60 0.06 0.364 0.280 0.192
15 15.0 0.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.70 0.07 0.465 0.393 0.281
18 18.0 0.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.70 0.07 0.566 0.477 0.340
22 22.0 0.06 0.03 1.6 0.15 1.1 0.1 0.80 0.08 0.917 0.646 0.476
28 28.0 0.07 0.04 1.6 0.15 1.2 0.1 0.90 0.09 1.19 0.903 0.685
35 35.0 0.10 0.04 1.6 0.15 1.4 0.15 1.1 0.1 1.50 1.32 1.05
42 42.0 0.10 0.05 1.8 0.2 1.5 0.15 1.2 0.1 2.03 1.71 1.37
54 54.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 0.2 1.7 0.15 1.5 0.15 3.06 2.50 2.21
67 67.0 0.12 0.05 2.4 0.25 2.0 0.2 1.6 0.15 4.35 3.65 2.94
79 79.0 0.12 0.05 2.8 0.3 2.3 0.25 1.8 0.2 5.99 4.95 3.90
105 105.0 0.12 0.05 3.4 0.35 2.8 0.3 2.4 0.25 9.70 8.04 6.92
130 130.0 0.12 0.05 4.0 0.4 3.1 0.3 2.7 0.25 14.2 11.0 9.65
156 156.0 0.12 0.05 4.8 0.5 3.5 0.35 3.1 0.3 20.3 15.0 13.3
206 206.0 0.15 + 0.05 6.8 0.7 5.0 0.5 4.3 0.45 38.0 28.2 24.4
−0.10
257 257.0 0.20 + 0.05 8.5 0.85 6.3 0.65 5.4 0.55 59.3 44.4 38.2
−0.15
308 308.0 0.20 + 0.05 10.3 1.0 7.1 0.7 6.4 0.65 86.1 60.0 54.2
−0.15
A
The average outside diameter of a tube is the average of the maximum and minimum outside diameter, as determined at any one cross section of the tube.
B
Maximum deviation at any one point.
C
Indicates that the material is not generally available or that no tolerance has been established.
TABLE 2 Chemical Composition—Weight %
Rockwell hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensile strength
Element Copper UNS No. and grain-size requirements of Table 3 shall be the basis for
A
C10200 C12000 C12200
acceptance or rejection.
B
Copper, min 99.95 99.90 99.9
Phosphorus . 0.004–0.012 0.015–0.040
A 9. Performance Requirements
Oxygen shall be 10 ppm max.
B
Copper + silver.
9.1 Expansion Test—The annealed (O) tube shall be capable
of being expanded in accordance with Test Method B153 with
an expansion of the outside diameter in the following amount:
7. Temper
Nominal or Expansion of
Standard Size, mm Outside Diameter, %
7.1 The copper water tube shall be furnished in the tempers
designated below. Current designations as defined in Classifi-
15 and under 40
cation B601 are as follows: Over 15 30
Annealed-O The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visible
Drawn-H
to the unaided eye.
8. Mechanical Properties
NOTE 4—The term “unaided eye” as used herein permits the use of
corrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision.
8.1 The tube shall conform to the mechanical property
requirements prescribed in Table 3. Tension tests and grainsize 9.2 Flattening Test—As an alternative to the expansion test
determinations need not be made except when indicated by the for tube standard sizes 105 mm and over in the annealed
purchaseratthetimeofplacingtheorder.Aconvenientmethod condition, a section 100 mm in length shall be cut from the end
ofindicatingthatthesetestsaretobemadeistostatethat“Test of one of the lengths for a flattening test. This100-mm test
Procedure T is required” (see 4.2.1). Where agreement on the specimen shall be flattened so that a gage set at three times the
TABLE 3 Mechanical Property Requirements
A
Temper Designation Rockwell Hardness Tensile Strength, Average Grain Size,
Form
Standard Former Scale Value min, MPa mm
OS060 annealed coils F 50 max 200 0.040 min
OS035 annealed straight lengths F 55 max 200 0.025 min
H58 drawn drawn 30 T 30 min 250 .
A
Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on the inside surfaces of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness,
other Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject to agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
B88M−05 (2011)
wall thickness will pass over the tube freely throughout the 11.2 Nominal or Standard Dimensions, Wall Thickness, and
flattened part. The tube so tested shall develop no cracks or Diameter Tolerances—The nominal or standard dimensions,
flaws visible to the unaided eye as a result of this test. In wall thickness, and diameter tolerances shall be in accordance
makingtheflatteningtesttheelementsshallbeslowlyflattened with Table 1.
by one stroke of the press.
11.3 Mass—For purposes of calculating mass, cross sec-
9.3 Microscopical Examination for Susceptibility to Hydro- tions, and so forth, the density of the copper shall be taken as
gen Embrittlement: 8.94 g/cm . The theoretical mass per metre is shown in Table
9.3.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C10200 and 1.
C12000 shall be essentially free of cuprous oxide as deter-
11.4 Roundness—For drawn unannealed tube in straight
mined by Procedure A of Test Methods B577. When Copper
lengths, the roundness tolerance shall be as prescribed in Table
UNS No. C12200 is supplied, examination is not required. In
4. The deviation from roundness is measured as the difference
case of a dispute, Procedure C of Test Methods B577 shal
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