ASTM D6906-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Titanium Treatment Weight on Metal Substrates by X-Ray Fluorescence
Standard Test Method for Determination of Titanium Treatment Weight on Metal Substrates by X-Ray Fluorescence
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The procedure described in this test method is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.
This test method is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the titanium coating weight of a titanium-containing treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium or total coating weight of a titanium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6906–11
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Titanium Treatment Weight on Metal
1
Substrates by X-Ray Fluorescence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6906; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope instrument calibration that correlates the secondary radiation
intensity with the coating weight quantitatively.
1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence
2.3.2 The coating weight is determined by measurement of
(XRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of
the fluorescent X-rays of the coating. The detection system is
titanium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are
set to count the number of X-rays in an energy region that is
applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium
characteristic of X-rays from the element of interest. The
or total coating weight of a titanium containing treatment, or
element of interest in this practice is titanium.
both, on a variety of metal substrates.
2.3.3 If a linear relationship exists, the coating weight and
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
number of counts of X-rays of a titanium treatment on a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
particular substrate can be expressed by a conversion factor
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
that represents the number of counts for a particular coating
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2
weight unit/unit area. This is usually expressed in mg/ft or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
mg/m of titanium or total coating weight.
2. Summary of Practice 2.3.4 The exact relationship between the measured number
of counts and the corresponding coating weight must be
2.1 Excitation—The measurement of titanium treatment
established for each individual combination of substrate and
coating weights by XRF methods is based on the combined
titanium-containingtreatment.Usuallydeterminedbythetreat-
interaction of the titanium coating and the substrate with an
ment supplier, this relationship is established by using primary
intense beam of primary radiation. Since each element fluo-
standardshavingknownamountsofthesametreatmentapplied
resces at an energy characteristic of the particular element, this
to the same substrate composition as the specimens to be
interaction results in the generation of X-rays of defined
measured.
energy. The primary radiation may be generated by an X-ray
2.3.5 Some X-ray apparatuses have a data handling system
tube or derived from a radioisotope.
whereby a coating weight versus X-ray counts curve may be
2.2 Detection—The secondary beam (fluorescent X-rays of
established within the system for the direct readout of coating
the elements and scattered radiation) is read by a detector that
weight. If such apparatus does not permit the entry of a
can discriminate between the energy levels of fluorescing
conversion factor as described in 2.3.3, it is calibrated using a
radiations in the secondary beam. The detection system in-
bare, untreated specimen and a minimum of three specimens
cludes the radiation detector with electronics for pulse ampli-
with known coating weights of the treatment and substrate
fication and pulse counting.
combination of interest. The coating weight to be measured
2.3 Basic Principle:
mustbewithintherangeoftheseknowncoatingweights.More
2.3.1 A relationship exists between the treatment coating
than three known specimens must be used if the relationship of
weight and secondary radiation intensity. This relationship is
X-ray counts to coating weight is not linear over the range to
usually linear within the desired coating weights of the
be measured. The treatment supplier should be consulted for
titanium treatments on metal substrates. The measurements are
recommendations for establishing the curve in the instrument
based on primary standards of known coating weights and
for the particular treatment and substrate combination of
interest.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
3. Significance and Use
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal.
3.1 The procedure described in this test method is designed
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally
´1
to provide a method by which the coating weight of titanium
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6906 - 03 (2010) .
DOI: 10.1520/D6906-11. treatments on metal substrates may be dete
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D6906–03(Reapproved2010) Designation:D6906–11
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Titanium Treatment Weight on Metal
1
Substrates by X-Ray Fluorescence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6906; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Editorial corrections were made in 2.3.3 and 4.1 in June 2010.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of titanium
treatments on metal substrates.These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium or total coating
weight of a titanium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Summary of Practice
2.1 Excitation—The measurement of titanium treatment coating weights by XRF methods is based on the combined interaction
of the titanium coating and the substrate with an intense beam of primary radiation. Since each element fluoresces at an energy
characteristic of the particular element, this interaction results in the generation of X-rays of defined energy. The primary radiation
may be generated by an X-ray tube or derived from a radioisotope.
2.2 Detection—The secondary beam (fluorescent X-rays of the elements and scattered radiation) is read by a detector that can
discriminatebetweentheenergylevelsoffluorescingradiationsinthesecondarybeam.Thedetectionsystemincludestheradiation
detector with electronics for pulse amplification and pulse counting.
2.3 Basic Principle:
2.3.1 A relationship exists between the treatment coating weight and secondary radiation intensity. This relationship is usually
linear within the desired coating weights of the titanium treatments on metal substrates. The measurements are based on primary
standards of known coating weights and instrument calibration that correlates the secondary radiation intensity with the coating
weight quantitatively.
2.3.2 The coating weight is determined by measurement of the fluorescent X-rays of the coating. The detection system is set
to count the number of X-rays in an energy region that is characteristic of X-rays from the element of interest. The element of
interest in this practice is titanium.
2.3.3 If a linear relationship exists, the coating weight and number of counts of X-rays of a titanium treatment on a particular
substratecanbeexpressedbyaconversionfactorthatrepresentsthenumberofcountsforaparticularcoatingweightunit/unitarea.
2 2
This is usually expressed in mg/ft or mg/m of titanium or total coating weight.
2.3.4 The exact relationship between the measured number of counts and the corresponding coating weight must be established
for each individual combination of substrate and titanium-containing treatment. Usually determined by the treatment supplier, this
relationship is established by using primary standards having known amounts of the same treatment applied to the same substrate
composition as the specimens to be measured.
2.3.5 Some X-ray apparatuses have a data handling system whereby a coating weight versus X-ray counts curve may be
established within the system for the direct readout of coating weight. If such apparatus does not permit the entry of a conversion
factorasdescribedin2.3.3,itiscalibratedusingabare,untreatedspecimenandaminimumofthreespecimenswithknowncoating
weightsofthetreatmentandsubstratecombinationofinterest.Thecoatingweighttobemeasuredmustbewithintherangeofthese
known coating weights. More than three known specimens must be used if the relationship of X-ray counts to coating weight is
not linear over the range to be measured. The treatment supplier should be consulted for recommendations for establishing the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D69
...
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