ASTM C1836-16(2023)
(Classification)Standard Classification for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures
Standard Classification for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Composite materials consist by definition of a reinforcement phase/s in a matrix phase/s. The composition and structure of these constituents in the composites are commonly tailored for a specific application with detailed performance requirements. For fiber reinforced carbon-carbon composites the tailoring involves the selection of the reinforcement fibers (composition, properties, morphology, interface coatings etc), the matrix (composition, properties, and morphology), the composite structure (component fractions, reinforcement architecture, interface coatings, porosity structure, microstructure, etc.), and the fabrication conditions (assembly, forming, densification, finishing, etc.). The final engineering properties (physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc) can be tailored across a broad range with major directional anisotropy in the properties. (9-12)
4.2 This classification system assists the designer/user/producer in identifying and organizing different types of C-C composites (based on fibers, matrix, architecture, physical properties, and mechanical properties) for structural applications. It assists the composites community in developing, selecting, and using C-C composites with the appropriate composition, construction, and properties for a specific application.
4.3 This classification system is a top level identification tool which uses a limited number of composites properties for high level classification. It is not meant to be a complete, detailed material specification, because it does not cover the full range of composition, architecture, physical, mechanical, fabrication, and durability requirements commonly defined in a full design specification. Guide C1783 provides direction and guidance in preparing a complete material specification for a given C-C composite component.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers fiber reinforced carbon-carbon (C-C) composite structures (flat plates, rectangular bars, round rods, and tubes) manufactured specifically for structural components. The carbon-carbon composites consist of carbon/graphite fibers (from PAN, pitch, or rayon precursors) in a carbon/graphite matrix produced by liquid infiltration/pyrolysis or by chemical vapor infiltration, or both.
1.2 The classification system provides a means of identifying and organizing different C-C composites, based on the fiber type, architecture class, matrix densification, physical properties, and mechanical properties. The system provides a top-level identification system for grouping different types of C-C composites into different classes and provides a means of identifying the general structure and properties of a given C-C composite. It is meant to assist the ceramics community in developing, selecting, and using C-C composites with the appropriate composition, construction, and properties for a specific application.
1.3 The classification system produces a classification code for a given C-C composite, which shows the type of fiber, reinforcement architecture, matrix type, fiber volume fraction, density, porosity, and tensile strength and modulus (room temperature).
1.3.1 For example, Carbon-Carbon Composites Classification Code, C3-A2C-4C2*-32—classification of a carbon-carbon composite material/component (C3) with PAN based carbon fiber (A) in a 2-D (2) fiber architecture with a CVI matrix (C), a fiber volume of 45 % (4), a bulk density of 1.5 g/cc (C), an open porosity less than 2 % (2*), an average ultimate tensile strength of 360 MPa (3), and an average tensile modulus of 35 GPa (2).
1.4 This classification system is a top level identification tool which uses a limited number of composite properties for high level classification. It is not meant to be a complete, detailed material specification, because it does not cover the full range of composition, architecture, physical, mechanical, fabrication, and durability requirements commonly defined in a full de...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1836 − 16 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Classification for
1
Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1836; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope full range of composition, architecture, physical, mechanical,
fabrication, and durability requirements commonly defined in a
1.1 This classification covers fiber reinforced carbon-carbon
full design specification. Guide C1783 provides extensive and
(C-C) composite structures (flat plates, rectangular bars, round
detailed direction and guidance in preparing a complete mate-
rods, and tubes) manufactured specifically for structural com-
rial specification for a given C-C composite component.
ponents. The carbon-carbon composites consist of carbon/
graphite fibers (from PAN, pitch, or rayon precursors) in a 1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
carbon/graphite matrix produced by liquid infiltration/ as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
pyrolysis or by chemical vapor infiltration, or both. standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 The classification system provides a means of identify-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing and organizing different C-C composites, based on the fiber
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
type, architecture class, matrix densification, physical
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
properties, and mechanical properties. The system provides a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
top-level identification system for grouping different types of
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
C-C composites into different classes and provides a means of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
identifying the general structure and properties of a given C-C
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
composite. It is meant to assist the ceramics community in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
developing, selecting, and using C-C composites with the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
appropriate composition, construction, and properties for a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
specific application.
1.3 The classification system produces a classification code
2. Referenced Documents
for a given C-C composite, which shows the type of fiber,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
reinforcement architecture, matrix type, fiber volume fraction,
C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
density, porosity, and tensile strength and modulus (room
Products
temperature).
C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measure-
1.3.1 For example, Carbon-Carbon Composites Classifica-
ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
tion Code, C3-A2C-4C2*-32—classification of a carbon-
C709 Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon and
carbon composite material/component (C3) with PAN based
3
Graphite (Withdrawn 2017)
carbon fiber (A) in a 2-D (2) fiber architecture with a CVI
C838 Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured
matrix (C), a fiber volume of 45 % (4), a bulk density of 1.5
Carbon and Graphite Shapes
g/cc (C), an open porosity less than 2 % (2*), an average
C1039 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Apparent Spe-
ultimate tensile strength of 360 MPa (3), and an average tensile
cific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Graphite Electrodes
modulus of 35 GPa (2).
C1198 Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear
1.4 This classification system is a top level identification
Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio for Advanced Ceramics by
tool which uses a limited number of composite properties for
Sonic Resonance
high level classification. It is not meant to be a complete,
C1259 Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear
detailed material specification, because it does not cover the
Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio for Advanced Ceramics by
1 2
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Ceramic Matrix Composites. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Publ
...
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