ASTM C652-14
(Specification)Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. The bricks are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements specified. Bricks that are colored by flashing or textured by sanding, where sand does not form a continuous coating, shall not be considered as surface-colored brick. Hollow bricks require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick. The hollow bricks can be classified into Grades SW and MW according to their degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration by weathering. According to their physical properties, the bricks can be classified into Types HBS, HBX, HBA, and HBB. In terms of size of void areas or hollow spaces, the bricks can be designated into Classes H40V and H60V. The brick shall be free of defects, deficiencies, and surface treatments, including coatings, that would interfere with the proper laying of the brick or significantly impair the strength or performance of the construction. Physical properties like compressive strength, water absorption, saturation coefficient, breakage, and cracks shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered. In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3). This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)
1.3.1 This specification and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive ...
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Designation:C652 −14
StandardSpecification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than
structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and
distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick.
hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or
Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be
mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of
different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those
hollowbrickineachoftwogradesandtwoclassesarecovered.
constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick.
In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood
to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional 1.5 The text of this specification references notes and
area(solidarea)inanyplaneparalleltothesurface,containing footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75% of its gross footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3).This considered as requirements of the specification.
specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
brick (see Specification C902).
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick and are not considered standard.
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
2. Referenced Documents
mance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Sec-
2
tion6)ofthisstandardisbeyondthescopeofthisspecification. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C34Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall
1.3 Brickcoveredbythisspecificationareceramicproducts
Tile
manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
C62Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at
Made From Clay or Shale)
elevatedtemperatures(firing).Theheattreatmentshalldevelop
C67Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to
Structural Clay Tile
provide the strength and durability requirements of this speci-
C212Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile
fication. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be
C216Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and
Made from Clay or Shale)
“firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)
C902Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
1.3.1 Thisspecificationanditsindividualrequirementsshall
Brick
not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a
C1232Terminology of Masonry
masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other
forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.
3. Terminology
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to masonry and
(Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications
hollow brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web
4. Classification
4.1 Grades—Two grades of hollow brick are covered:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C652–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0652-14. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C652−14
4.1.1 Grade SW—Hollow brick intended for use where a admixtures, burned to meet the requirements of this specifica-
high and uniform
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C652 − 13 C652 − 14
Standard Specification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof,
and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered. In this specification,
the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any
plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured
in the same plane (see 4.3). This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of
this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient
fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives
or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology
C1232.)
1.3.1 This specification and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the performance of a masonry
unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of binding the materials.
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and
C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile,
but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and
structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or
solid brick.
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C34 Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
C62 Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C212 Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013Feb. 1, 2014. Published June 2013March 2014. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
C652 – 12a.C652 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0652-13.10.1520/C0652-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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