ASTM D4806-18a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ABSTRACT
This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended for blending with unleaded or leaded gasolines for use as a spark-ignition automotive engine fuel. Denatured fuel ethanol shall conform to the specified performance requirements for the following: ethanol content, methanol, solvent-washed gum, water content, denaturant content, inorganic chloride content, copper content, acidity, pHe, sulfur content, sulfate content, appearance, and specific gravity. The only denaturants used for fuel ethanol shall be natural gasoline, gasoline components, or unleaded gasoline at the minimum concentration prescribed. Prohibited denaturants include methanol which does not meet the specified requirement, pyrroles, turpentine, ketones, and tars (high-molecular weight pyrolysis products of fossil or nonfossil vegetable matter). Sampling, containers, and sample handling techniques, and the test methods for determining conformance to the specified requirements are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded gasolines at 1 % to 15 % by volume for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814 as well as other fuel applications or specifications involving ethanol. The significance of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 Jurisdictions may vary in their regulatory requirements for the allowable or prohibited types of denaturants, chemical composition of the denaturant or concentration of denaturant needed to denature the ethanol. The user is advised to check with the national and regional regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used.
1.2.1 Specific regulatory requirements for denatured fuel ethanol and acceptable denaturants from various jurisdictions are given in Appendixes for information.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1 Exception—Values given in parentheses are provided for information only. Non-SI units are shown in the Appendix if they are in a direct quotation from government regulations. In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI units.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:D4806 −18a
Standard Specification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous dena-
tured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or
2. Referenced Documents
leaded gasolines at 1 % to 15 % by volume for use as automo-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
as well as other fuel applications or specifications involving
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
ethanol. The significance of this specification is shown in
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
Appendix X1.
ration
1.2 Jurisdictions may vary in their regulatory requirements
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
for the allowable or prohibited types of denaturants, chemical
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
composition of the denaturant or concentration of denaturant
ucts by Hydrometer Method
needed to denature the ethanol. The user is advised to check
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
with the national and regional regulatory agencies where the
Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
ethanol is denatured and used.
and Related Products
1.2.1 Specific regulatory requirements for denatured fuel
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
ethanol and acceptable denaturants from various jurisdictions
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
are given in Appendixes for information.
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-
standard.
lometry
1.3.1 Exception—Values given in parentheses are provided
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
for information only. Non-SI units are shown in the Appendix
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
if they are in a direct quotation from government regulations.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI units.
Petroleum Products
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard
Fuels, and Lubricants
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Petroleum Products
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
limitations prior to use.
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Fuel
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and
Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20%
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published January 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4806 – 18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4806-18A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4806−18a
Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4806 − 18 D4806 − 18a
Standard Specification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded
gasolines at 1 % to 15 % by volume for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814 as well as
other fuel applications or specifications involving ethanol. The significance of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 Jurisdictions may vary in their regulatory requirements for the allowable or prohibited types of denaturants, chemical
composition of the denaturant or concentration of denaturant needed to denature the ethanol. The user is advised to check with the
national and regional regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used.
1.2.1 Specific regulatory requirements for denatured fuel ethanol and acceptable denaturants from various jurisdictions are
given in Appendixes for information.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1 Exception—Values given in parentheses are provided for information only. Non-SI units are shown in the Appendix if they
are in a direct quotation from government regulations. In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI units.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018Dec. 1, 2018. Published August 2018January 2019. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
D4806 – 17.D4806 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D4806-18.10.1520/D4806-18A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4806 − 18a
D4814 Specification for Automot
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