ASTM D5438-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
Standard Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice may be used to collect dust from carpeted or bare floor surfaces for gravimetric or chemical analysis. The collected sample is substantially unmodified by the sampling procedure.
This practice provides for a reproducible dust removal rate from level loop and plush carpets, as well as bare floors. It has the ability to achieve relatively constant removal efficiency at different loadings of surface dust.
This practice also provides for the efficient capture of semivolatile organic chemicals associated with the dust. The test system can be fitted with special canisters downstream of the cyclone for the capture of specific semivolatile organic chemicals that may volatilize from the dust particles during collection.
This practice does not describe procedures for evaluation of the safety of floor surfaces or the potential human exposure to carpet dust. It is the user's responsibility to evaluate the data collected by this practice and make such determinations in the light of other available information.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the collection of a sample of dust from carpets and bare floors that can be analyzed for lead, pesticides, or other chemical compounds and elements.
1.2 This practice is applicable to a variety of carpeted and bare floor surfaces. It has been tested for level loop and plush pile carpets and bare wood floors, specifically.
1.3 This practice is not intended for the collection and evaluation of dust for the presence of asbestos fibers.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5438 − 11
Standard Practice for
1
Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5438; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Removal Effectiveness of Household/Commercial
Vacuum Cleaners
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the collection of a
sample of dust from carpets and bare floors that can be
3. Terminology
analyzedforlead,pesticides,orotherchemicalcompoundsand
elements. 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
practice, refer to Terminology D1356.
1.2 This practice is applicable to a variety of carpeted and
3.1.1 carpet-embedded dust—soil and other particulate
bare floor surfaces. It has been tested for level loop and plush
matter, approximately 5-µm equivalent aerodynamic diameter
pile carpets and bare wood floors, specifically.
andlarger,embeddedincarpetpileandnormallyremovableby
1.3 This practice is not intended for the collection and
household vacuum cleaners.
evaluation of dust for the presence of asbestos fibers.
3.1.2 surface dust—soil and other particulate matter, ap-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
proximately5-µmequivalentaerodynamicdiameterandlarger,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
adhering to floor surfaces and normally removable by house-
standard.
hold vacuum cleaners.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 The sampling method described in this practice is taken
3
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
fromworkpublishedinRoberts,etal(1-3), andStamper,etal
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(4).
4.2 Particulate matter is withdrawn from the carpet or bare
2. Referenced Documents
floor by means of vacuum-induced suction which draws
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
through a sampling nozzle at a specific velocity and flow rate,
D422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
and the particles are separated mechanically by a cyclone. The
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
cyclone is designed to efficiently separate and collect particles
Atmospheres
approximately 5-µm mean aerodynamic diameter and larger.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
However,muchsmallerparticlesarealsocollectedatunknown
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
efficiencies. The sampling system allows for height, air flow,
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
and suction adjustments to reproduce systematically a specific
peratures)
air velocity for the removal of particulate matter from carpeted
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
and bare floor surfaces, so that these sampling conditions can
tance Thermometers
be repeated.
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
NOTE 1—Side-by-side comparison of the HVS3 and a conventional
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
upright vacuum cleaner revealed that both collected particles down to at
F608 Test Method for Evaluation of Carpet Embedded Dirt
least 0.2 µm and that the HVS3 was more efficient at collecting particles
smaller than 20 µm than conventional vacuum cleaners (5). If desired, a
fine-particle filter may be added downstream of the cyclone to collect
1
99.9 % of particles above 0.2 µm aerodynamic mean diameter.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
4.3 The particulate matter in the air stream is collected in a
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
catch bottle attached to the bottom of the collection cyclone.
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5438 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D5438-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
the ASTM website. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5438 − 11
FIG. 1 Floor Dust Sampler Using a Commercial Vacuum Cleaner as the Suction Source
This catch bottle shall be capped for storage of the sample and nozzle in the carpet
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5438–05 Designation: D5438 – 11
Standard Practice for
1
Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5438; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the collection of a sample of dust from carpets and bare floors that can be analyzed
for lead, pesticides, or other chemical compounds and elements.
1.2 This practice is applicable to a variety of carpeted and bare floor surfaces. It has been tested for level loop and plush pile
carpets and bare wood floors, specifically.
1.3 This practice is not intended for the collection and evaluation of dust for the presence of asbestos fibers.
1.4The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD22onSamplingandAnalysisofAtmospheresandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeonAirQuality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D5438-00. DOI:
10.1520/D5438-05.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5438 - 05. DOI:
10.1520/D5438-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5438 – 11
F608 TestMethodforEvaluationofCarpetEmbeddedDirtRemovalEffectivenessofHousehold/CommercialVacuumCleaners
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D1356.
3.1.1 carpet-embedded dust—soil and other particulate matter, approximately 5-µm equivalent aerodynamic diameter and
larger, embedded in carpet pile and normally removable by household vacuum cleaners.
3.1.2 surface dust—soilandotherparticulatematter,approximately5-µmequivalentaerodynamicdiameterandlarger,adhering
to floor surfaces and normally removable by household vacuum cleaners.
4. Summary of Practice
3
4.1 The sampling method described in this practice is taken from work published in Roberts, et al (1-3), and Stamper, et al (4).
4.2 Particulate matter is withdrawn from the carpet or bare floor by means of vacuum-induced suction which draws through a
sampling nozzle at a specific velocity and flow rate, and the particles are separated mechanically by a cyclone. The cyclone is
designed to efficiently separate and collect particles approximately 5-µm mean aerodynamic diameter and larger. However, much
smaller particles are also collected at unknown efficiencies. The sampling system allows for height, air flow, and suction
adjustments to reproduce systematically a specific air velocity for the removal of particulate matter from carpeted and bare floor
surfaces, so that these sampling conditions can be repeated.
NOTE 1—Side-by-side comparison of the HVS3 and a conventional upright vacuum cleaner revealed that both collected particles down to at least 0.2
µm and that the HVS3 was more efficient at collecting particl
...
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