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ASTM D7918-15

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease are a crucial part of condition monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2015
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.96.07 - Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for In-Service Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7918-17 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation
Effective Date
01-May-2017

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ASTM D7918-15 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and PreparationASTM D7918-15 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation
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ASTM D7918-15 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7918 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear,
Contaminants and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating
1
Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7918; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tent in Lubricating Greases by Linear SweepVoltammetry
D7718 Practice for Obtaining In-Service Samples of Lubri-
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evalua-
cating Grease
tion of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxida-
D7843 Test Method for Measurement of Lubricant Gener-
tive condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.
ated Insoluble Color Bodies in In-Service Turbine Oils
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-
using Membrane Patch Colorimetry
service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear,
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
consistency, contamination, and oxidation.
ASTM Test Methods
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
3. Terminology
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units
of references were developed by the developers of the test
3.1 Definitions:
equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.
3.1.1 active grease sampling device, n—device designed to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
take an active sample of a lubricating grease from a bearing,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the gear, or drive shaft located in a grease lubricated component.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7718
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.1.1 Discussion—The Grease Thief (trademarked) Type
3
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 is a tool which meets this description and can be used to
obtain an active grease sample from a lubricated component.A
2. Referenced Documents
full description and dimensions of this device can be found in
2
Annex A2.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
3.1.2 active sampling, v—to use a sampling device to
Grease
actively gather an in-service lubricating grease sample from a
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
grease-lubricated component. D7718
Products, and Lubricants
3.1.3 calibration, n—the determination of the values of the
D6595 Test Method for Determination of Wear Metals and
significant parameters by comparison with values indicated by
Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils or Used Hydraulic
a set of reference standards. D6595
Fluids by Rotating Disc ElectrodeAtomic Emission Spec-
3.1.4 consistency, n—of lubricating grease, the degree of
trometry
resistance to movement under stress. D217
D7527 Test Method for Measurement of Antioxidant Con-
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on The Grease Thief Type I and Type II is described in US Patent No. 7984661.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of an
Subcommittee D02.96.07 on Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM International Headquarters. Your
In-Service Lubricants. comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. DOI: 10.1520/ technical committee, which you may attend. The sole source of the Grease Thief
D7918-15. Type I and Type II are known to the committee is York Laboratories, LLC located
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or at 410 Kings Mill Rd., York, PA 17401. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your com-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical
1
the ASTM website. committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7918 − 15
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Thetermconsistencyisusedsomewhat 3.2.11 speed 1, n—t
...

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5.1 This test method can be used to determine wear properties and coefficient of friction of lubricating greases at selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present for extended periods of time under initial high Hertzian point contact pressures. This test method has found application in qualifying lubricating greases used in constant velocity joints of front-wheel-drive automobiles and for lubricating greases used in roller bearings. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
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4.1 This practice is intended to help users, particularly power plant operators, maintain effective control over their mineral lubricating oils and lubrication monitoring program. This practice may be used to perform oil changes based on oil condition and test results rather than on the basis of service time or calendar time. It is intended to save operating and maintenance expenses.  
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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.4.2 The viscosity data used for Procedure D precision study was from 6400 mPa·s to 256 000 mPa·s at test temperatures of –26 °C and –40 °C.  
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5.1 The bromine number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. When used in conjunction with the calculation procedure described in Annex A2, it can be used to estimate the percentage of olefins in petroleum distillates boiling up to approximately 315 °C (600 °F).  
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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
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Note 1: The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method.  
1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
Note 3: The TMC may also issue In...

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    8 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off