ASTM D642-00(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit Loads
Standard Test Method for Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit Loads
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Compressive resistance is one of the properties used to evaluate the ability of shipping containers, components, and unit loads to successfully survive the compressive forces they are subjected to during storage and distribution (see Note 1).
Note 1—For constant load test refer to Test Method D 4577.
Compressive resistance may be determined with either fixed- or swiveled-platen-type testing machines. However, a fixed-head compression machine is required to perform edge-to-edge and corner-to-corner orientations on test specimens (see Note 2). Also, unit loads are generally tested only in the top-to-bottom orientation.
Note 2—Fixed-platen machines generally cause specimens to fail at their strongest point, while swivel-platen machines cause specimens to fail at their weakest point.5 The swiveled platen is allowed to move to the weakest point of the container.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers compression tests on shipping containers (for example, boxes and drums) or components, or both. Shipping containers may be tested with or without contents. The procedure may be used for measuring the ability of the container to resist external compressive loads applied to its faces, to diagonally opposite edges, or to corners (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). This test method covers testing of multiple containers or unit loads, in addition to individual shipping containers, components, materials, or combination thereof.
1.2 The test method of applying load may be used to compare the characteristics of a given design of container with a standard, or to compare the characteristics of containers differing in construction.
1.3 This test method is related to TAPPI T804, which is similar for fixed platen machines but does not recognize swivel platen machines. This test method fulfills the requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Test Method 12048. The ISO standards may not meet the requirements for this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D642–00 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping
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Containers, Components, and Unit Loads
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 642; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope D 2016 Methods of Test for Moisture Content of Wood
D 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
1.1 This test method covers compression tests on shipping
tainers and Systems
containers (for example, boxes and drums) or components, or
D 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
both. Shipping containers may be tested with or without
Packaging Components for Testing
contents. The procedure may be used for measuring the ability
D 4577 Test Method for Compression Resistance of a
of the container to resist external compressive loads applied to
Container Under Constant Load
itsfaces,todiagonallyoppositeedges,ortocorners(Fig.1and
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
Fig. 2). This test method covers testing of multiple containers
E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
or unit loads, in addition to individual shipping containers,
With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a
components, materials, or combination thereof.
Characteristic of a Lot or Process
1.2 The test method of applying load may be used to
2.2 TAPPI Standard:
compare the characteristics of a given design of container with
T 804 Compression testing of fiberboard shipping contain-
a standard, or to compare the characteristics of containers
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ers
differing in construction.
2.3 ISO Standard:
1.3 This test method is related to TAPPI T804, which is
ISO 12048 Packaging—Complete, filled transport
similarforfixedplatenmachinesbutdoesnotrecognizeswivel
packages—Compression and stacking test using compres-
platen machines. This test method fulfills the requirements of
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sion tester
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Test
Method 12048. The ISO standards may not meet the require-
3. Terminology
ments for this test method.
3.1 Definitions—General terms for Packaging and Distribu-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion Environments are found in Terminology D 996.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 fixed platen testing machine—a testing machine
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
equipped with two platens which are both restrained from
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tilting.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.2 swiveled platen testing machine—a testing machine
2 equipped with two platens, one rigidly restrained from tilting
2.1 ASTM Standards:
while the other platen is universally mounted and allowed to
D 644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
tilt freely.
Paperboard by Oven Drying
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
4. Significance and Use
ments
4.1 Compressive resistance is one of the properties used to
evaluate the ability of shipping containers, components, and
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unit loads to successfully survive the compressive forces they
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.22 on Handling
are subjected to during storage and distribution (see Note 1).
and Transportation.
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originally
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approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 642 – 00.
Withdrawn.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, 15
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Technology Parkway South, Atlanta, GA 30092.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
the ASTM website.
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D642–00 (2005)
NOTE 1—For constant load test refer to Test Method D 4577.
6.3 The specimens being tested shall be complete in all
respects. Depending on the purpose of the test, interior
4.2 Compressive resistance may be determined with either
components may or ma
...
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