ASTM D5748-95
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate, a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type of stress encountered in many product end-use applications. The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and energy to break are determined.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 5748 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
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Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.6 thickness (caliper, gage)—the perpendicular distance
between the opposite surfaces of a plastic film.
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch
wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate,
4. Significance and Use
a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test
4.1 Puncture resistance is very important in end-use perfor-
method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type
mance of stretch wrap film used in consumer and industrial
of stress encountered in many product end-use applications.
product applications. Puncture resistance is a measure of the
The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and
energy-absorbing ability of a stretch wrap film in resisting a
energy to break are determined.
protrusion. The test method is designed to provide the user
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with a means of measuring the stretch wrap film’s puncture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
resistance performance under essentially biaxial deformation
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
conditions. A biaxial stress is representative of the type of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
stress encountered by stretch wrap products in many end-use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
applications.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Although this test method cannot be expected to dupli-
cate all field experiences, since the rate of speed, weight, and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
configuration of such destructive forces vary widely, a gener-
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
2
ally reliable comparison of samples may be made from the data
Insulating Materials for Testing
obtained.
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
3
ments
5. Apparatus
2
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
2 5.1 Universal Testing Apparatus.
D 2103 Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting
5.2 Integrator and Chart Recorder.
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
4 5.3 Appropriate Load Cell—The test may be performed
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process
using compression or tension load cell.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4 5.4 Probe—A 0.75 in. (19 mm) diameter pear-shaped TFE-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5
fluorocarbon coated probe (Fig. 1), for general application and
3. Terminology
standard comparison of plastic films and interlaboratory re-
sults.
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
5.5 Specimen Clamping Fixture (Fig. 2).
tributions environments are found in Terminology D 996.
5.6 Micrometre, conforming to Specification D 2103.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.7 Template, 6 by 6 in. (150 by 150 mm).
3.2.1 break force—force achieved at break.
5.8 Specimen Cutter.
3.2.2 energy—work to break.
3.2.3 maximum force—greatest force achieved.
6. Sampling
3.2.4 penetration distance—depth probe traveled in pen-
6.1 Acceptance Sampling—Sampling shall be in accordance
etrating film specimen, from initial probe contact with film
with Practice D 1898.
specimen, to penetration at break.
6.2 Sampling for Other Purposes—The sampling and the
3.2.5 protrusion puncture resistance—the ability of a plastic
number of test specimens depend on the purpose of the testing.
film to withstand the force exerted by a protrusion.
Practice E 122 is recommended. Test specimens are taken from
several rolls of film, and where possible, from several produc-
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 on Packaging
tion runs of film. Strong conclusions about a specific property
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing and Unitizing
of a film cannot be based on a single roll of film.
of Loads.
Current edition approved July 15, 1995. Published September 1995.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. The probe is coated with duPont 954-101 Teflon S a thickness of 0.0015 in.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. (0.0381 mm). Available from duPont.
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D 5748
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