EN 14961-2:2011
(Main)Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use
Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use
This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of wood pellets for non-industrial use. This European standard covers only wood pellets produced from the following raw materials (see EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
- 1.1 Forest, plantation and other virgin wood;
- 1.2 By-products and residues from wood processing industry;
- 1.3 Used wood.
NOTE 1 For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard.
Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations” (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
NOTE 2 Torrefied pellets are not included in the scope of this European Standard. Torrefaction is a mild pre-treatment of biomass at a temperature between 200 °C to 300 °C.
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Brennstoffspezifikationen und -klassen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle Verwendung
Diese Europäische Norm legt die qualitätsbezogenen Brennstoffklassen und spezifikationen für Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle Verwendung fest. Die vorliegende Europäische Norm umfasst nur Holzpellets, die aus folgenden Rohmaterialien hergestellt wurden (siehe EN 14961 1:2010, Tabelle 1):
- 1.1 Wald und Plantagenholz sowie anderes erntefrisches Holz;
- 1.2 Industrie Restholz;
- 1.3 Gebrauchtholz.
ANMERKUNG 1 Um keine Zweifel aufkommen zu lassen, wurde Abbruchholz nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm aufgenommen. Abbruchholz ist „Gebrauchtholz, das aus dem Abriss von Gebäuden oder sonstigen Bauwerken stammt“ (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
ANMERKUNG 2 Torrefizierte (Geröstete) Pellets fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm. Torrefikation (Torrefizierung, Röstung) ist eine milde Vorbehandlung von Biomasse bei einer Temperatur zwischen 200 °C und 300 °C.
Biocombustibles solides - Classes et spécifications des combustibles - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industriel
La présente Norme européenne détermine les classes et spécifications de qualité de combustible pour des granulés de bois densifié à usage non industriel. Elle couvre uniquement les granulés de bois densifié produits à partir des matières premières suivantes (voir EN 14961-1:2010, Tableau 1) :
- 1.1 Bois de forêt, de plantation et autres bois vierges ;
- 1.2 Produits dérivés et sous-produits de l'industrie de transformation du bois ;
- 1.3 Bois usagé.
NOTE 1 Afin d'ôter tout doute, le bois de démolition est exclu du domaine d'application de la présente Norme européenne. Le bois de démolition est défini comme un «bois usagé provenant de la démolition de bâtiments ou d'installations de génie civil» (EN 14588:2010, 4.52). NOTE 2 Les granulés torréfiés ne sont pas inclus dans le domaine d'application de la présente Norme européenne. La torréfaction est un prétraitement léger d'une biomasse à une température comprise entre 200 °C et 300 °C.
Trdna biogoriva - Specifikacije goriv in razredi - 2. del: Lesni peleti za neindustrijsko uporabo
Ta evropski standard določa razrede kakovosti goriv in specifikacije za neindustrijske lesne pelete. Ta evropski standard zajema samo lesne pelete, izdelane iz naslednjih surovin (glej EN 14961-1, preglednica 1):
- 1.1 Gozdni les, les iz nasadov in druge vrste primarni les
- 1.2 Stranski proizvodi in ostanki iz lesnopredelovalne industrije
- 1.3 Uporabljen les
OPOMBA: Da bi se izognili dvomom, odpadni gradbeni les ni vključen v obseg uporabe tega evropskega standarda. Odpadni gradbeni les je »les, ki nastane pri rušenju stavb ali inštalacij nizkih gradenj« (EN 14588).
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trdna biogoriva - Specifikacije goriv in razredi - 2. del: Lesni peleti za neindustrijsko uporaboFeste Biobrennstoffe - Brennstoffspezifikationen und - klassen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle VerwendungBiocombustibles solides - Classes et spécifications des combustibles - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industrielSolid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use75.160.10Trda gorivaSolid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14961-2:2011SIST EN 14961-2:2011en,fr,de01-september-2011SIST EN 14961-2:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST-TS CEN/TS 14961:20051DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14961-2
June 2011 ICS 75.160.10 English Version
Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use
Biocombustibles solides - Classes et spécifications des combustibles - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industriel
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Brennstoffspezifikationen und -klassen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle Verwendung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 January 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14961-2:2011: ESIST EN 14961-2:2011
A–deviations . 11Bibliography . 13 SIST EN 14961-2:2011
NOTE In these product standards, non-industrial use - means fuel intended to be used in smaller appliances, such as in households and small commercial and public sector buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 14961-2:2011
• small-scale equipment does not usually have advanced controls and flue gas cleaning; • it is not generally managed by professional heating engineers; • they are often located in living and populated districts. NOTE
Pellets produced according to this European Standard can be used in pellet stoves, which are tested according to EN 14785, pellet burners tested according to EN 15270 and pellet boilers or integrated-pellet burner systems tested according to EN 303-5 (< 500 kWth). SIST EN 14961-2:2011
Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations” (EN 14588:2010, 4.52). NOTE 2 Torrefied pellets are not included in the scope of this European Standard. Torrefaction is a mild pre-treatment of biomass at a temperature between 200 °C to 300 °C. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14588:2010, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 14774-1, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 1: Total moisture
Reference method EN 14774-2, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 2: Total moisture Simplified procedure EN 14775, Solid biofuels Determination of ash content EN 14918, Solid biofuels Determination of calorific value EN 14961-1:2010, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements EN 15103, Solid biofuels Determination of bulk density EN 15104, Solid biofuels Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen Instrumental methods EN 15149-1, Solid biofuels Determination of particle size distribution Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 1 mm and above
EN 15210-1, Solid biofuels Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes Part 1: Pellets EN 15289, Solid biofuels Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine EN 15297, Solid biofuels Determination of minor elements
As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V and Zn SIST EN 14961-2:2011
dry (dry basis) ar as received w-% weight-percentage A
designation for ash content Ad [w-%, dry basis] 1) BD
designation for bulk density as received [kg/m3] 1) D designation for diameter as received, D [mm] 1) DU designation for mechanical durability as received [w-%] 1) F designation for amount of fines as received [w-%, particles less than 3,15 mm] 1) L designation for length as received, L [mm] 1) M designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Mar [w-%]1) Q designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,ar [MJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t] at constant pressure 1)
1) Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels in Table 1. For designation of chemical properties chemical symbols like S (sulphur), Cl (chlorine), N (nitrogen) are used and the value is added at the end of the symbol. SIST EN 14961-2:2011
Key D
Diameter L
Length Figure 1 Dimension of pellets
5 Specification of wood pellets for non-industrial use
The specification of the wood pellets is stated in accordance with Table 1. The sampling and analysis of the properties shall be carried out in accordance with the methods mentioned in the normative references. Property class A1 and A2 represents virgin woods and chemically untreated wood residues. A1 represents fuels which are low in ash and nitrogen content, while class A2 has slightly higher ash, nitrogen and chlorine content. Property class B allows chemically treated industrial wood by-products and residues and used wood.
Chemically treated wood residues from wood processing and used wood are included in class B as long as they do not contain heavy metals or halogenated organic compounds as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating. In case of raw materials belonging to 1.2.2 and 1.3.2 (chemically treated wood) the actual origin of the raw material shall be closer described, e.g. 1.2.2, Residues from laminated wood production. If the properties being specified are sufficiently known through information about the origin and handling (or preparation method combined with experience) then physical/chemical analysis may not be needed.
To ensure resources are used appropriately and the declaration is accurate, use the most appropriate measure below: a) Using typical values, e.g. laid down in Annex B of EN 14961-1:2010, or obtained by experience; b) Calculation of properties, e.g. by using typical values and considering documented specific values; c) Carrying out of analysis:
1) With simplified methods if available,
2) With reference methods. The responsibility of the producer or supplier to provide correct and accurate information is exactly the same whether laboratory analysis is performed or not. Typical values do not release the producer or supplier from providing accurate and reliable information. To ensure the end-user receives pellets with a low level of fines, the amount of fines shall be ≤ 1% leaving the final point of loading for delivery to the end-user. i.e leaving the final storage point or the factory if delivering directly to the end-user. The amount of fines leaving the factory gate shall also be ≤ 1% (unless there is a different agreement between the producer and their customer), even when not going directly to the end-user.
The fines requirement has been included to ensure small-scale users are protected from handling and combustion issues while operating their combustion plant/appliance. The quality shall be given either in the product
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