CEN/TC 335/WG 2 - Fuel specifications, classes and quality assurance

This document determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded non-woody briquettes. This document covers only non-woody briquettes produced from the following raw materials (see ISO 17225‑1:2021, Table 1):
—    2 Herbaceous biomass
—    3 Fruit biomass
—    4 Aquatic biomass
—    5 Biomass blends and mixtures
NOTE 1    Herbaceous biomass originates from plants that have a non-woody stem and which die back at the end of the growing season. It includes grains or seeds crops from food production or processing industry and their by-products such as cereals.
NOTE 2    Blends and mixtures include blends and mixtures from the main origin-based solid biofuel groups woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, fruit biomass and aquatic biomass.
Blends are intentionally mixed biofuels, whereas mixtures are unintentionally mixed biofuels. The origin of the blend and mixture is to be described using ISO 17225‑1:2021, Table 1.
If solid biofuel blend or mixture contains chemically treated material it shall be stated.
NOTE 3              Thermally treated biomass briquettes (e.g. torrefied briquettes) are not included in the scope of this document

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood chips specification for non-industrial use as described in EN 14961-4 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the raw material supply, production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood chips produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-4.

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood briquette specification described in EN 14961-3 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood briquettes produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-3.

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood pellet specification described in
EN 14961-2 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood pellets produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-2.

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that specification of firewood described in EN 14961-5 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the raw material supply, production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for firewood produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-5.

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the non-woody pellet specification described in EN 14961-6 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for non-woody pellets produced from the non-woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-6.

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the biofuel specification is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the whole chain, from supply of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the CEN/TC 335 only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:
-   products from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from the food processing industry;
-   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metal as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from the production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
   cork waste.
NOTE 1    The quality assurance systems applied to the operation of conversion plants fuelled by solid biofuels are outside the scope of this European Standard.
NOTE 2    Health, safety and environmental issues for solid biofuels are important and need special attention, however they are outside the scope of this European Standard.
NOTE 3    For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard. Demolition wood is defined as “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations”
(EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
NOTE 4    The biofuels covered by this European standard are identical to the fuels exempted from the Directive 2000/76/EC [Article 2.2 a) from i) to v)] on incineration of waste.
NOTE 5   Aquatic biomass is not included in the scope of this European Standard.

This guide has been developed to provide information about the solid biofuel Quality Assurance and presents a methodology that helps operators in the solid biofuels industry design an appropriate Quality Assurance system according to their demands. It acts as a supporting document for the application of the CEN/TS 15234 developed by CEN/TC 335.
This guide is applicable for all operators dealing with solid biofuels within the scope of CEN/TC 335 from the following sources (CEN/TS 14961):
-   products from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from food processing industry;
-   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
-   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
-   cork waste.

ISO 17225-5:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded firewood.

ISO 17225-7:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded non-woody briquettes.

ISO 17225-6:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded non-woody pellets.

ISO 17225-1:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels of raw and processed materials originating from a) forestry and arboriculture; b) agriculture and horticulture; and c) aquaculture.
Chemically treated material may not include halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals at levels higher than those in typical virgin material values or higher than typical values of the country of origin.

ISO 17225-2:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded wood pellets for non-industrial and industrial use.

ISO 17225-3:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded wood briquettes.

ISO 17225-4:2014 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of graded wood chips.

This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of non-woody pellets for non-industrial use. This European standard covers only non-woody pellets produced from the following raw material (see EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
-   2 Herbaceous biomass.
NOTE 1   Herbaceous biomass is from plants that have a non-woody stem and which die back at the end of the growing season. It includes grains or seeds crops from food processing industry and their by-products such as cereal straw:
-   3 Fruit biomass;
-   4 Biomass blends and mixtures.
NOTE 2   Group 4 Blends and mixtures include blends and mixtures from the main origin-based solid biofuel groups woody, herbaceous biomass and fruit biomass.
Blends are intentionally mixed biofuels, whereas mixtures are unintentionally mixed biofuels. The origin of the blend and mixture should be described using EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1.
If solid biofuel blend or mixture contains chemically treated material, it should be stated.

This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for non-industrial wood chips. This European standard covers only wood chip produced from the following raw materials (see
EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
-   1.1 Forest, plantation and other virgin wood;
-   1.2 By-products and residues from wood processing industry;
-   1.3 Used wood.
NOTE   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard.
Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations” (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).

This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of wood briquettes for non-industrial use. This European standard covers only wood briquettes produced from the following raw materials (see EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
-   1.1 Forest, plantation and other virgin wood;
-   1.2 By-products and residues from wood processing industry;
-   1.3 Used wood.
NOTE   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard. Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).

This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications of wood pellets for non-industrial use. This European standard covers only wood pellets produced from the following raw materials (see EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
-   1.1 Forest, plantation and other virgin wood;
-   1.2 By-products and residues from wood processing industry;
-   1.3 Used wood.
NOTE 1   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard.
Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations” (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
NOTE 2   Torrefied pellets are not included in the scope of this European Standard. Torrefaction is a mild pre-treatment of biomass at a temperature between 200 °C to 300 °C.

This European standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for firewood for non-industrial use. This European standard covers only firewood produced from the following raw material (see
EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1):
-   1.1.1 Whole trees without roots;
-   1.2.1 Chemically untreated wood residues;
-   1.1.3 Stem wood;
-   1.1.4 Logging residues (thick branches, tops, etc.).
NOTE   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard. Demolition wood is “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations” (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).

This European Standard determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels. According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the CEN/TC 335 only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:
a)   products from agriculture and forestry;
b)   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
c)   vegetable waste from the food processing industry;
d)   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which can contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
e)   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
f)   cork waste.
NOTE 1   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard.
Demolition wood is "used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations" (CEN/TS 14588).
NOTE 2   Aquatic biomass is not included in the scope of this European Standard.

This Technical Specification defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the biofuel specification is fulfilled. This Technical Specification covers the whole chain, from supply of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the Technical Committee (TC 335) only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:
-   products from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from the food processing industry;
-   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metal as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
-   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from the production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
-   cork waste.
NOTE 1: The quality assurance systems applied to the operation of conversion plants fuelled by solid biofuels are outside the scope of this Technical Specification.
NOTE 2: Health, safety and environmental issues for solid biofuels are important and need special attention, however are outside the scope of this Technical Specification.
NOTE 3: For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this Technical Specification. Demolition wood is defined as "used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations" (CEN/TS 14588).

This Technical Specification determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels. According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the Technical Specification (TC335) only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:
-   products from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from the food processing industry;
-   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
-   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
-   cork waste.
NOTE   For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this Technical Specification.
Demolition wood is "used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations" (CEN/TS 14588).