EN 16602-40-02:2014
(Main)Space product assurance - Hazard analysis
Space product assurance - Hazard analysis
This Standard details the hazard analysis requirements of ECSS-Q-ST-40; it defines the principles, process, implementation, and requirements of hazard analysis.
It is applicable to all European space projects where during any project phase there exists the potential for hazards to personnel or the general public, space flight systems, ground support equipment, facilities, public or private property or the environment.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Gefahrenanalyse
Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Analyse des dangers
Zagotavljanje varnih proizvodov v vesoljski tehniki - Analiza nevarnosti
Standard EN 16602-40-02 navaja podrobnosti zahtev za analizo nevarnosti standarda ECSS-Q-ST-40; določa načela, postopek, izvajanje in zahteve analize tveganj. Velja za vse evropske vesoljske projekte, pri katerih v kateri koli fazi projekta obstaja možnost nevarnosti za osebje ali splošno javnost, sisteme za vesoljske polete, podporno opremo na tleh, objekte, javno ali zasebno lastnino ali okolje. Ta standard se lahko prilagodi posameznim lastnostim in omejitvam vesoljskega projekta v skladu s standardom ECSS-S-ST-00.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14738:2004
Zagotavljanje varnih proizvodov v vesoljski tehniki - Analiza nevarnosti
Space product assurance - Hazard analysis
Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Gefahrenanalyse
Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Analyse de risques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16602-40-02:2014
ICS:
03.100.40 Raziskave in razvoj Research and development
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 16602-40-02
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2014
ICS 49.140 Supersedes EN 14738:2004
English version
Space product assurance - Hazard analysis
Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Analyse de Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Gefahrenanalyse
risques
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 March 2014.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving
this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre
has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16602-40-02:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC
Members.
Table of contents
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
3.1 Terms from other standards . 8
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 8
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 10
4 Principles of hazard analysis . 11
4.1 Hazard analysis concept . 11
4.2 Role of hazard analysis . 14
4.3 Hazard analysis process . 14
4.3.1 Overview . 14
4.3.2 Overview of the hazard analysis process . 15
4.4 Hazard analysis implementation . 17
4.4.1 Overview . 17
4.4.2 General considerations . 17
4.4.3 Type of project considerations . 17
4.4.4 Documentation of hazard analysis . 17
4.5 Hazard analysis documentation . 18
4.6 Integration of hazard analysis activities . 18
4.7 Objectives of hazard analysis . 18
5 Requirements . 20
5.1 Hazard analysis requirements . 20
5.2 Hazard analysis steps and tasks . 20
5.2.1 Step 1: Define hazard analysis implementation requirements . 20
5.2.2 Step 2: Identify and assess the hazards . 22
5.2.3 Step 3: Decide and act . 25
5.2.4 Step 4: Track, communicate and accept the hazards . 27
Annex A (informative) Examples of generic hazards . 28
Annex B (informative) Hazard and safety risk register (example) and
ranked hazard and safety risk log (example) . 30
Annex C (informative) Background information . 33
C.1 Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) . 33
C.2 Subsystem hazard analysis (SSHA) . 33
C.3 System hazard analysis (SHA) . 34
C.4 Operating hazard analysis (OHA) . 34
Bibliography . 35
Figures
Figure 4-1: Hazards and hazard scenarios . 12
Figure 4-2: Example of a hazard tree . 12
Figure 4-3: Example of a consequence tree . 12
Figure 4-4: Reduction of hazards . 13
Figure 4-5: Interface to FMECA and CC&M analysis . 13
Figure 4-6: The process of hazard analysis . 15
Figure 4-7: The steps and cycles in the hazard analysis process . 16
Figure 4-8: The nine tasks associated with the four steps of the hazard analysis
process . 16
Figure B-1 : Example of a hazard and safety risk register (see also ECSS-M-ST-80) . 31
Figure B-2 : Example of a ranked hazard and safety risk log . 32
Tables
Table 5-1: Example of a safety consequence severity categorization . 21
Table 5-2: Example of a hazard matrix . 23
Table 5-3: Example of a hazard manifestation list . 23
Table 5-4: Example of a hazard scenario list . 25
Foreword
This document (EN 16602-40-02:2014) has been prepared by Technical
Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This standard (EN 16602-40-02:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-40-02C.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either
by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March
2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
March 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14738:2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the
European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has
therefore precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider
domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
Safety analysis comprises hazard analysis, safety risk assessment and
supporting analyses as defined in ECSS-Q-ST-40. The objective of safety
analysis is to identify, assess, reduce, accept, and control safety hazards and the
associated safety risks in a systematic, proactive, complete and cost effective
manner, taking into account the project’s technical and programmatic
constraints. Safety analysis can be implemented through an iterative process,
with iterations being determined by the project progress through the different
project phases, and by changes to a given project baseline.
Hazard analysis comprises the identification classification and reduction of
hazards. Hazard analysis can be implemented at each level of the
customer-supplier network. Hazard analysis activities at lower level can
contribute to system level safety analysis. System level safety analysis can
determine lower level hazard analysis activities.
Hazard analysis interfaces with dependability analysis, in particular FMECA.
Safety risk assessment interfaces with quantitative dependability analysis, in
particular reliability analysis. Safety risk assessment contributes to project risk
management. Ranking of safety risks according to their criticality for project
success, allowing management to direct its attention to the essential safety
issues, is part of the major objectives of risk management.
Safety risk assessment is further addressed in ECSS-Q-ST-40.
Scope
This Standard details the hazard analysis requirements of ECSS-Q-ST-40; it
defines the principles, process, implementation, and requirements of hazard
analysis.
It is applicable to all European space projects where during any project phase
there exists the potential for hazards to personnel or the general public, space
flight systems, ground support equipment, facilities, public or private property
or the environment.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constrains of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through
reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications
do not apply, However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of
the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16001-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system — Glossary of terms
EN 16601-80 ECSS-M-ST-80 Space project management — Risk management
EN 16602-40 ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance — Safety
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01
apply, in particular for the following terms:
requirement
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard
3.2.1 consequence tree
set of hazard scenarios leading to the same safety consequence
3.2.2 detection time
time span between the occurrence of the initiator event and its detection
through the observable symptoms
3.2.3 hazard
existing or potential condition of an item that can result in a mishap
NOTE 1 [ISO 14620 2]
NOTE 2 This condition can be associated with the
design, fabrication, operation, or environment
of the item, and has the potential for mishaps.
[ISO 14620 2]
NOTE 3 Hazards are potential threats to the safety of a
system. They are not events, but the
prerequisite for the occurrence of hazard
scenarios with their negative effects on safety in
terms of the safety consequences.
3.2.4 hazard acceptance
decision to tolerate the consequences of the hazard scenarios when they occur
3.2.5 hazard analysis
systematic and
...
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