CEN/TS 14418:2014

Geosynthetic Barriers - Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers

This Technical Specification describes an index test to determine the influence ratio of freezing-thawing cycles on the flux through saturated clay geosynthetic barriers.
This test method is applicable to GBR-C products with no additional sealing layers attached.

Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Einflusses von Frost-Tau-Zyklen auf die Wasserdurchlässigkeit von geosynthetischen Tondichtungsbahnen

Diese Technische Spezifikation beschreibt ein Indexprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Einflussverhältnisses von Frost-Tau-Zyklen auf den Durchfluss durch gesättigte geosynthetische Tondichtungsbahnen.
Dieses Prüfverfahren ist auf GBR C Produkte ohne zusätzliche angebrachte Abdichtungslagen anwendbar.

Géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Méthode d'essai pour la détermination de l'influence de cycles gel/dégel sur la perméabilité des géosynthétiques bentonitiques

La présente Spécification technique décrit un essai index visant à évaluer le rapport d'influence des cycles gel/dégel sur le flux à travers des éprouvettes de géosynthétiques bentonitiques (GSB) saturés.
Cette méthode d'essai s'applique aux géosynthétiques bentonitiques sans couches d’étanchéité additionnelles.

Geosintetične ovire - Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje vpliva ciklusov zamrzovanja-odtajanja na prepustnost geosintetičnih bentonitnih ovir

Te tehnične specifikacije CEN opisujejo preskušanje indeksa za ugotavljanje vpliva razmerja ciklusov zamrzovanja-odtajanja na pretok skozi nasičene geosintetične bentonitne ovire.
Ta preskus se uporablja za izdelke GBR-C brez dodatnih tesnilnih plasti.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Oct-2014
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 189 - Geotextiles and geotextile-related products
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 189/WG 4 - Hydraulic testing
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 15-Oct-2014
• Due Date: 04-Oct-2015
• Completion Date: 15-Oct-2014
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Ref Project: SIST-TS CEN/TS 14418:2014 - Geosynthetic barriers - Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers

Relations

• Replaces: CEN/TS 14418:2005 - Geosynthetic barriers - Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Overview

CEN/TS 14418:2014 is a CEN Technical Specification that defines an index test to evaluate the effect of freezing–thawing cycles on the permeability (flux) of clay geosynthetic barriers (GBR‑C). The method quantifies an influence ratio - the percent change in saturated water flux through a GBR‑C specimen after exposure to repeated freeze–thaw cycles compared with an unexposed reference. The procedure is intended for GBR‑C products without additional sealing layers and is an index assessment rather than a direct prediction of in‑service performance.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Purpose: determine how repeated freezing and thawing alters the flux (permeability) of saturated clay geosynthetic barriers.
• Specimen sizes:
  • Cutting template: square or circular specimen ≥ 200 mm (±0.5 %).
  • Flux test specimen: (100 ± 2) mm diameter (tested in a flexible wall permeameter).
• Conditioning and cycle parameters:
  • Hydration under (4 ± 0.2) kPa for 48 h initially.
  • Freeze at (−5 ± 2) °C for 24 h under (4 ± 0.2) kPa.
  • Thaw at room temperature for 24 h under (4 ± 0.2) kPa.
  • Rehydrate for 24 h; repeat freeze–thaw sequence four times total.
• Apparatus and consumables:
  • Flexible wall permeameter test per EN 16416 for flux measurement.
  • Mechanically bonded nonwoven geotextile (250 ± 50 g/m²) for hydration setup.
  • Freezer capable of maintaining −5 ± 2 °C; de‑ionized water (EN ISO 3696).
• Results and expression:
  • Record conditioning durations, freezer temperature and all flux values.
  • Compute influence ratio R (%) = 100 × q_test / q_reference, where q are flux values (m³/(m²·s)).
• Limitations:
  • Test isolates freeze–thaw influence; it does not account for other mechanisms (e.g., cation exchange).
  • Measured flux is an index and not necessarily representative of in‑service flux.

Applications and users

• Useful for:
  • Geotechnical and landfill engineers specifying geosynthetic clay barriers for cold climates.
  • Manufacturers verifying product resistance to freeze–thaw degradation.
  • Independent test laboratories conducting standardized permeability tests.
  • Project specifiers, quality assurance teams, and regulators assessing barrier durability.
• Typical applications include landfill liners, containment systems and earthworks in regions subject to seasonal freezing where freeze–thaw durability of geosynthetic barriers is a concern.

Related standards

• EN 16416 - Geosynthetic clay barriers - Determination of water flux index (flexible wall permeameter).
• EN ISO 3696 - Water for analytical laboratory use.
• EN ISO 10320 - Geotextiles identification on site.
• ISO 554 - Standard atmospheres for conditioning/testing.

Keywords: CEN/TS 14418:2014, geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers, freezing‑thawing cycles, permeability test, influence ratio, GBR‑C, flexible wall permeameter.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 14418:2006
*HRVLQWHWLþQHRYLUH3UHVNXVQDPHWRGD]DXJRWDYOMDQMHYSOLYDFLNOXVRY
]DPU]RYDQMDRGWDMDQMDQDSUHSXVWQRVWJHRVLQWHWLþQLKEHQWRQLWQLKRYLU
Geosynthetic barriers - Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-
thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers
Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Einflusses von
Frost-Tau-Zyklen auf die Wasserdurchlässigkeit von geosynthetischen
Tondichtungsbahnen
Géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Méthode d'essai pour la détermination de l'influence de
cycles gel/dégel sur la perméabilité des géosynthétiques bentonitiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14418:2014
ICS:
59.080.70 Geotekstilije Geotextiles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14418
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2014
ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes CEN/TS 14418:2005
English Version
Geosynthetic Barriers - Test method for the determination of the
influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay
geosynthetic barriers
Géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Méthode d'essai pour la Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Prüfverfahren zur
détermination de l'influence de cycles gel/dégel sur la Bestimmung des Einflusses von Frost-Tau-Zyklen auf die
perméabilité des géosynthétiques bentonitiques Wasserdurchlässigkeit von geosynthetischen
Tondichtungsbahnen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 21 July 2014 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14418:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle .5
5 Apparatus .5
6 Reagent .6
7 Procedure .6
7.1 Specimen preparation .6
7.2 Specimen hydration .6
7.3 Specimen freezing .7
7.4 Specimen thawing .7
7.5 Repetition .7
7.6 Preparation of specimen for flux testing .7
8 Calculation and expression of results .8
8.1 Recording of data .8
8.2 Calculation and expression of results .8
9 Test Report .8

Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 14418:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189
“Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN/TS 14418:2005.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This Technical Specification defines a method for testing the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the flux of
clay geosynthetic barriers. Such resistance is a requirement for many uses of these products.
The influence ratio is an indication of the behaviour of the product when exposed to repeated freezing and
thawing cycles in earth constructions. The flux of saturated clay geosynthetic barriers may increase in
consequence of repeated freezing-thawing cycles.
The Technical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibili
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