CEN/TC 189 - Geotextiles and geotextile-related products

This document specifies an index test method for the determination of the tensile properties of geosynthetics (polymeric, glass and metallic), using a wide-width strip. This document is applicable to most geosynthetics, including woven geotextiles, nonwoven geotextiles, geocomposites, knitted geotextiles, geonets, geomats and metallic products. It is also applicable to geogrids and similar open-structure geotextiles, but specimen dimensions will possibly need to be altered. It is not applicable to polymeric or bituminous geosynthetic barriers, but it is applicable to clay geosynthetic barriers.
This document specifies a tensile test method that covers the measurement of tensile force, elongation characteristics and includes procedures for the calculation of secant stiffness, maximum load per unit width and strain at maximum force. Singular points on the tensile force-extension curve are also indicated.
Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet specimens are included in this document.

This document describes an index test for the determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic on a hard surface, exposed to the impact load of a hemispherical object.
The index test measures the change in thickness of a thin lead plate lying between the geosynthetic and a rigid support.
It is also used as a performance test, by using the real rigid surface to protect and the real sequence of geosynthetics.
The test is applicable to all geosynthetics with apertures smaller than 15 mm (maximum size).

This document specifies a method for determining the tensile creep and creep rupture behaviour of geotextiles and geotextile-related products in an unconfined situation.
Application of this document is limited to products and applications where the risk of collapse of a structure due to premature failure or to strain and time variation of the reinforcement under constant load is of essential importance.

This document describes index tests for determining the strength of the internal structural junctions under different loading conditions of all geocomposites and of clay geosynthetic barriers.

This document establishes general principles for the sampling of geosynthetics delivered to construction sites, and for the preparation of test specimens from the samples.
The sampling principles are applicable to geosynthetics supplied in rolls or expandable panels.
NOTE            ISO 186 can be used for products supplied in sheet form.
The specimen-preparation principles are applicable to all geosynthetics.

This document describes a procedure for producing mechanical damage to geotextiles and geotextile-related products due only to compaction of soil or other materials. The damage is assessed visually and by the loss of tensile strength or other reference tests used to assess the damage caused by this procedure.
The method described is a full-scale test procedure, using a range of fills and compaction methods, and for the derivation of a reduction factor for installation damage for geotextiles and geotextile-related products.
This document excludes geosynthetic barriers and products used in pavements and asphalt overlays.

This document specifies an index test method that covers laboratory measurement of water flux through saturated clay geosynthetic barrier (GBR-C) specimens using a flexible wall permeameter at constant head.
This test method is applicable to GBR-C products with no additional sealing layers attached (e.g. polymeric or bituminous).
This test method specifies a measurement of flux under a prescribed set of conditions that can be used for manufacturing quality control. The test method can also be used to check conformance.
The flux value determined using this test method is not considered to be representative of the in-service flux of a GBR-C.

This document specifies a screening test method for determining the resistance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products to hydrolysis by exposing test specimens to water at elevated temperatures, followed by an evaluation of the changes in properties resulting from such exposure. It is intended as a means of establishing a minimum acceptable level of durability.
The tests described in this document do not allow the determination of reduction factors. The tests described in this document are screening tests to show the ability of a product to serve for a certain time. The reference strength and retained strength of products investigated in this document need to be determined in the same way in accordance with EN 12226.
The test is applicable to any geotextile and geotextile-related product susceptible to hydrolysis, in particular polyester and polyamide based materials, and in addition to the yarns from which these geotextiles are made.
This method is not intended for determining the resistance of geotextiles to hydrolysis under highly acid or alkaline conditions.
NOTE   Performance tests to predict long-term lifetime or to compare products of different polymers or of similar polymers with differing structures can be based on the same method but with a wider range of temperatures and durations.

This document specifies index test methods for determining the compressive creep properties of geosynthetic products. The test specimens are subjected either to normal compressive loading or to a combination of normal compressive loading and shear loading.
The test method with a normal load only (see Clause 5) is the standard method.
The test method in which combined normal and shear loads are applied (see Clause 6) is intended for products that are sensitive to shear failure, i.e. which have a columnar or cuspated structure.
The tests are carried out on dry specimens or on specimens immersed in water. The test is intended to be carried out with the specimen immersed in water when any part of the geosynthetic product contains a hydrophilic polymer.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the microbiological resistance of geosynthetics including those of natural fibres and biodegradable polymers by a soil burial test.
NOTE   Experience and exhumation of geosynthetics which had performed successfully, in some cases for more than two decades, indicate that geosynthetics made out of synthetic materials are generally resistant against microbial initiated decay. It can therefore be expected that most of these products commercially available at the present time will pass the soil burial test successfully and it is probably not necessary to submit them all to this test independent of their function. However, if the requirements for appropriate functioning of the geosynthetics demand proof of microbiological resistance or if they are manufactured from newly developed polymers whose resistance is in any doubt, the soil burial test can provide additional information.

This document specifies a method for determining the constant-head water flow capacity within the plane of a geotextile or geotextile-related product, using boundary materials and test conditions of interest. A standard series of test conditions are proposed, involving soil confinement, low hydraulic gradients, seating times and an array of normal loads.

This document specifies a method for determining the constant-head water flow capacity within the plane of a geotextile or geotextile-related product. This document describes the in-plane water flow index test, only applicable to factory-assembled products. For the in-plane water flow performance test, see ISO 12958-2.

This document specifies an index test method for the simulation of rainfall-induced erosion on the surface of a slope protected by geosynthetic erosion control products.
The test is normally carried out on specimens conditioned under a specified atmosphere.
The test is applicable to most geosynthetics, but is especially suited to geosynthetic erosion control products.

This document specifies methods for screening the resistance of geotextile and geotextile-related products to liquids while not subjecting them to external mechanical stress.
It is applicable to all geotextiles and geotextile-related products. Method A applies particularly to polyamides and method B to polyesters and polyamides. The test results are intended to be interpreted in the context of site conditions.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO/TS 13434.
NOTE    This document only considers conditions where the specimens are fully immersed in the liquids. Though outside the scope of this document, the test conditions can be modified to accommodate particular applications, e.g. gaseous media. This document does not preclude use for test specimens that are pre-treated by some method, e.g. by weathering, aqueous extraction conditions or installation damage.

This document specifies test methods for the determination of tensile properties of polymeric geosynthetic barriers PE (e.g. PE-HD and PE-LLD), FPO (e.g. EVA, FPP, and PE-VLD), PVC-P and EPDM.
Method A is suitable for testing polymeric geosynthetic barriers (GBR-P), made of PVC-P, EPDM and FPO (e.g. EVA, FPP and PE-VLD), non-reinforced (including maximum 80gsm glass fleece) and without backing.
Method B is suitable for testing polymeric geosynthetic barriers (GBR-P) made of PE (e.g. PE-HD and PE-LLD), non-reinforced and without backing.
Method C is suitable for testing polymeric geosynthetic barriers (GBR-P), reinforced and/or with backing.
Method D is suitable for measuring modulus (if required) of all non-reinforced GBR-P.
NOTE   For homogenous polymers not listed above, method A and D can be used.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the characteristic size of the openings of a single layer of a geotextile or geotextile-related product using the wet-sieving principle.

This document describes an index test procedure for simulating mechanical damage to geosynthetics, caused by granular material, under repeated loading. The damage is assessed visually and by the loss of tensile strength.
Other reference tests can be used to assess the damage caused by this test. The test method described is an index test procedure, using a standard granular material, and is not intended to be used for the derivation of a reduction factor for geosynthetic reinforcement.

This document describes index test methods for the determination of the strength of internal structural junctions of geocells under different loading conditions.

This document specifies a method for the on-site installation and retrieval of geosynthetic samples, irrespective of the particular degradation mechanisms to which they are exposed.
The method is also appropriate to test for mechanical damage, much of which occurs during installation, and to provide an owner with information about the state of the geosynthetic product in their structure.

This document specifies two test methods for determining the water permeability characteristics of a single layer of geotextile or geotextile-related product normal to the plane:
a)    the constant head method; and
b)    the falling head method.

This document specifies a method for measuring the steady-state liquid flow through a geosynthetic barrier, used to contain liquids in long-term applications.
The test method and described apparatus allow the measurement of flows accurately down to 10−6 m³/m²/day. In particular circumstances where testing indicates that values obtained for a geosynthetic barrier lie below the threshold of sensitivity of this test method, then the value of liquid flow is declared as being less than10−6 m³/m²/day.
Due to its long duration, this test method is not suitable for production control testing.
Clay geosynthetic barriers cannot be tested with this apparatus.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, used as fluid barriers and separation layer in infrastructure works, e.g. roads, railroads, runways of airports, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
Tunnels and associated underground structures are addressed in EN 13491.
The intended use of these products is to control the pathway of fluid through the construction and to limit any contamination, e.g. by de-icing products, of groundwater or water sources.
This European Standard is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products, as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.
This document provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
This European Standard does not cover applications where the geosynthetic barrier will be in contact with water that has been treated for human consumption.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, and in the construction of transfer stations or secondary containment for the storage of liquid waste on a waste disposal site only and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This European Standard is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of hazardous liquid containment and secondary containment around storage facilities for hazardous liquids and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
NOTE   This document is not applicable to applications where one geosynthetic barrier is manufactured in direct contact with a second geosynthetic barrier in order to reduce the overall permeability of the barrier. Such "multicomponent" products are subject to the required characteristics for the relevant component.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This European Standard is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This European Standard is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer forwater, in the construction of canals and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of the fluid through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This document provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This document defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
This document does not cover applications where the geosynthetic barrier is to be in contact with water that has been treated for human consumption.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This document specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer for water, in the construction of reservoirs and dams, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of potable, fresh or saline water through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This document provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This document defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This document specifies the characteristics of clay geosynthetic barriers (GBR-C) as well as multicomponent geosynthetic clay barriers (e.g. a GBR-C with a polymeric or bituminous geosynthetic barrier attached to it), when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of underground structures (other than tunnels and associated structures), and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
If in a multicomponent GBR-C, the GBR-P or GBR-B is the predominant hydraulic barrier then the appropriate standard should be used.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluid through the construction wall.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This document provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This document defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
This document does not cover applications where the geosynthetic barrier is to be in contact with water that has been treated for human consumption.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This document specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of tunnels and associated underground structures, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluid through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This document provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This document defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
This document does not cover applications where the geosynthetic barrier is to be in contact with water that has been treated for human consumption.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

This document specifies the information accompanying geosynthetics to enable the user on site to identify the goods as being identical to the goods ordered. The positive identification, e.g. of unwrapped or rolled-out geosynthetics, is an important aim of this document.
The information specified does not replace a technical data sheet and cannot be used to verify the conformance of the product with the technical requirements.

This document specifies a screening test method for determining the resistance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products to oxidation. The test is applicable to products as follows:
—          Method A for material consisting solely in polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), aramide (AR);
—          Method B for material consisting solely in polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL).
The data are suitable for screening purposes but not for deriving performance data such as lifetime, unless supported by further evidence.

This document specifies an index test method to determine the friction characteristics of geosynthetics in contact with a standard sand as described in EN 196-1, i.e. with a specified density and moisture content, under a normal stress and at a constant rate of displacement, using a direct shear apparatus.
The same testing procedure can be used with any type of soil with the density and moisture content that are required to evaluate the performance under specific conditions or with another geosynthetic under a normal stress and at a constant rate of displacement, using a direct shear apparatus.
The procedure can also be used for testing geosynthetic barriers.

This document specifies a test method for the measurement of the strain hardening modulus which is used as a measure for the resistance to slow crack growth of polyethylene. The strain hardening modulus is obtained from true stress versus draw ratio curves on PE-HD geosynthetic barrier samples.
This standard specifies how measurement is performed and how the strain hardening modulus is determined. Details of the required equipment, precision and sample preparations are given.
This test method is suitable for all PE-HD types of GBR-P.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphaltic inclusion), and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, and reinforcement. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in erosion control works for preventing the migration of fine-graded material into layers of coarser material due to alternating hydraulic gradients, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
This European Standard covers applications in coastal protection and bank revetment. This European Standard does not cover surface erosion, where the geotextile or geotextile-related product is located at the surface.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, and reinforcement. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and - preferably standardized - test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of canals, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, reinforcement and protection. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in solid waste disposals, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, reinforcement and protection. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of tunnels and underground structures, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to protect geosynthetic barriers used in tunnels and underground structures.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in liquid waste containment projects, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, reinforcement and protection.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of railways, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, and reinforcement.
The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard applies in superstructure-ballast or substructure-blanket layer, within a sub-grade.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in drainage systems and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation and drainage. The separation function is always used in conjunction with filtration or drainage. Accordingly, separation will never be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines requirements to be met by manufacturers and distributors with regard to the presentation of product properties.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of earthworks, foundations and retaining structures, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, and reinforcement. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of reservoirs and dams, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, separation, reinforcement and protection. The separation function will always occur in conjunction with filtration or reinforcement, and hence will not be specified alone.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.

ISO 9863-1:2016 specifies a method for the determination of the thickness of geosynthetics at specified pressures and specified load plate areas or under specified point loads. It defines the pressures or the load at which the thickness is determined.
The test results are intended for identification purposes and for use in technical data sheets and/or as part of other test methods, e.g. tests of hydraulic properties.
The method is applicable to all geosynthetics.

This European Standard describes a test method for the laboratory determination of the mass per unit area of a sample of clay geosynthetic barrier (GBR-C) in the condition as received.
Since manufacturers quote mass per unit area at a given moisture content, it is necessary to measure the moisture content.

This European Standard is an index test used to determine the efficiency with which a geosynthetic product will protect a geosynthetic barrier or other contact surface against the mechanical long term effects of static point loads.
The test is performed on the geosynthetic product in isolation. It measures the strains experienced by a geosynthetic product in contact with a deformable pad.
NOTE   Other properties relevant to the protection of geosynthetic barriers against differing actions are covered by other standards, e.g. dynamic perforation is covered in EN ISO 13433.
A related performance test simulating specific site conditions is described in Annex B (informative).

ISO 25619-2:2015 specifies an index test method for determining the short-term compressive behaviour of geosynthetics. It can be used to determine the deformation behaviour under short-term compressive stress, e.g. after exposure to stress, liquids, or light.
ISO 25619-2. 2015 can be used for quality control purposes. It is not intended to be used for design purposes.