EN 997:2012

WC pans and WC suites with integral trap

This European Standard specifies constructional and performance requirements together with test methods for close-coupled suites, one-piece and independent WC pans with integral trap used for personal hygiene manufactured from glazed ceramics or stainless steel.
This European Standard does not apply to squatting toilets, WC pans without integral trap or flushing cisterns as separate appliances.
In the case of independent WC pans, the associated flushing cisterns and pressure valves are covered by other standards and the reference to cisterns in this standard is related only to the definition and requirements of flushing volume.
In the case of close-coupled suites and one-piece WCs, this standard also specifies design, performance requirements and the test methods for designated flushing cisterns with flushing mechanisms, inlet valves and overflows. For these products, this standard covers flushing cisterns designed to be connected to drinking water installations inside buildings.
Before installation of WCs, EN 12056-2 and national requirements need to be taken into consideration.

WC-Becken und WC-Anlagen mit angeformtem Geruchverschluss

Diese Europäische Norm legt die konstruktiven und funktionellen Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für WC-Kombinationen, Einstück-WCs und WC-Becken mit freiem Zulauf mit angeformtem Geruchverschluss zur persönlichen Hygiene, hergestellt aus Sanitärkeramik oder nichtrostendem Stahl, fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Hock-WCs, WC-Becken ohne angeformten Geruchverschluss sowie Spülkästen als Einzelgegenstände.
Für WC-Becken mit freiem Zulauf werden die zugehörigen Spülkästen und Druckspüler durch andere Normen abgedeckt. Der Verweis auf Spülkästen in dieser Norm gilt nur für die Begriffe und die Anforderungen an das Spülvolumen.
Für WC-Kombinationen und Einstück-WCs legt diese Norm zudem Konstruktions- und Leistungs-anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für die zugeordneten Spülkästen mit Spülmechanismus, Füllventil und Überlauf fest. Dabei gilt diese Norm nur für Spülkästen, die für den Anschluss an die Trinkwasser-Installation in Gebäuden ausgelegt sind.
Vor dem Einbau von WCs müssen EN 12056-2 und nationale Bestimmungen berücksichtigt werden.

Cuvettes de WC et cuvettes à réservoir attenant à siphon intégré

La présente norme spécifie les prescriptions relatives à la construction et aux performances, ainsi que les méthodes d’essai des cuvettes de WC indépendantes, monobloc et à réservoir attenant, à siphon intégré, en céramique émaillée ou en acier inoxydable, utilisées pour l’hygiène personnelle.
La présente norme ne s’applique pas aux sièges à la turque, aux cuvettes de WC sans siphon intégré, ni aux réservoirs de chasse seuls.
Pour les cuvettes indépendantes, les réservoirs et robinets de chasse associés sont traités dans d’autres normes. La référence aux réservoirs dans la présente norme ne concerne que la définition et des prescriptions relatives au volume de chasse.
Pour les cuvettes à réservoir attenant et les cuvettes monobloc, la présente norme spécifie également les prescriptions relatives à la conception et aux performances, ainsi que les méthodes d’essai applicables aux réservoirs de chasse associés équipés d’un mécanisme de chasse, d’un robinet d’alimentation et d’un trop-plein. Pour ces produits, la présente norme traite des réservoirs de chasse conçus pour être raccordés aux réseaux d’eau potable à l’intérieur des bâtiments.
Avant l’installation de WC, l’EN 12056-2 et les prescriptions nationales doivent être prises en compte.

WC školjke in WC naprave z integriranim sifonom

Ta evropski standard določa konstrukcijske zahteve in zahteve v zvezi z delovanjem ter preskusne metode za prigrajene naprave, enodelne in neodvisne WC školjke z integriranim sifonom za osebno higieno, proizvedene iz glazirane keramike ali nerjavnega jekla. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za čepeča stranišča, WC školjke brez integriranega sifona ali splakovalne kot ločene naprave. V primeru neodvisnih WC školjk so povezani splakovalniki in tlačni ventili zajeti v drugih standardih, pri čemer je sklicevanje na splakovalnike v tem standardu povezano samo z opredelitvijo in zahtevami prostornine za splakovalno vodo. Ta standard za prigrajene naprave in enodelne WC školjke določa tudi zasnovo, zahteve glede zmogljivosti in preskusne metode za določene splakovalnike z mehanizmi za splakovanje, dovodnimi ventili ter prelivi. V zvezi s temi izdelki so v tem standardu obravnavani splakovalniki, ki so namenjeni priključitvi na napeljave za pitno vodo v stavbah. Pred vgradnjo WC školjk ali naprav je treba upoštevati standard EN 12056-2 in nacionalne zahteve.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2012
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Apr-2025
• ICS: 91.140.70 - Sanitary installations
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 163 - Sanitary appliances
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 163/WG 3 - Closet bowls, flushing cisterns, urinals, bidets and kitchen sinks
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 24-Jun-2015
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/110 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on sanitary appliances
• Ref Project: SIST EN 997:2012 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap

Relations

• Replaces: EN 997:2003/A1:2006 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaces: EN 997:2003 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Merged Into: EN 997:2012+A1:2015 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
• Effective Date: 25-Mar-2015
• Amended By: EN 997:2012/FprA1 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
• Effective Date: 14-Aug-2013
• Corrected By: EN 997:2012/AC:2012 - WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
• Effective Date: 27-Jun-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.WC školjke in WC naprave z integriranim sifonomWC-Becken und WC-Anlagen mit angeformtem GeruchverschlussCuvettes de WC et cuvettes à réservoir attenant à siphon intégréWC pans and WC suites with integral trap91.140.70Sanitarne napraveSanitary installationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 997:2012SIST EN 997:2012en,fr,de01-maj-2012SIST EN 997:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 997:2004/A1:2007SIST EN 997:20041DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 997
February 2012 ICS 91.140.70 Supersedes EN 997:2003English Version
WC pans and WC suites with integral trap
Cuvettes de WC et cuvettes à réservoir attenant à siphon intégré
WC-Becken und WC-Anlagen mit angeformtem Geruchverschluss This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 December 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 997:2012: ESIST EN 997:2012

Valve-type test flushing cistern . 39A.1 Valve-type test flushing cistern (Figures A.1 to A.3) . 39A.2 Calibration of the valve-type test flushing cistern . 41A.3 Procedure to test the flush rate of the test flushing cistern . 41A.4 Procedure to test the flushing requirements of the WC . 42A.5 Procedure to measure the impact force of the test flushing cistern . 42A.5.1 General . 42A.5.2 Test device . 42A.5.3 Procedure for calibrating the load cell unit and the measurement amplifier . 44A.5.4 Measurement procedure . 44A.5.5 Calculation procedure for fixed time frame 0,35 s to 0,5 s . 45A.5.6 Calculation procedure for maximum impact force . 45Annex B (normative)
Test rig for test pressure flush valve . 46B.1 Test rig (Figure B.1) . 46B.2 Procedure to measure the impact force. 47Annex C (normative)
Test rig for after-flush volume test . 49C.1 Test rig for after-flush volume test for independent WC pans (Figures C.1 and C.2) . 49C.2 Test rig for after-flush volume test for one-piece WC pans, close-coupled suites and WC suites (Figure C.3) . 50Annex D (normative)
Basket method . 51Annex E (normative)
Preparation of test specimens . 52Annex F (informative)
Examples of flush pipes and outlet valves for test flushing cisterns . 54SIST EN 997:2012

Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU of EU Construction Products Directive . 58ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 58ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of independent WC pans, WC suites and one-piece WC pans . 60ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity . 60ZA.2.2 Declaration of conformity . 60ZA.3 CE marking . 61Bibliography . 62 SIST EN 997:2012

1) Presently, a test method is under elaboration by CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building products and of buildings” SIST EN 997:2012

Before installation of WCs, EN 12056-2 and national requirements need to be taken into consideration. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1717, Protection against pollution of potable water in water installations and general requirements of devices to prevent pollution by backflow EN 12056-2, Gravity drainage systems inside buildings — Part 2: Sanitary pipework, layout and calculation EN 13618, Flexible hose assemblies in drinking water installations — Functional requirements and test methods EN 14124, Inlet valves for flushing cisterns with internal overflow AS 1172-1, Water closets of 6/3 l capacity — pans BS 1212-2:1990, Float operated valves. Specification for diaphragm type float operated valves (copper alloy body) (excluding floats) BS 1212-3:1990, Float operated valves. Specification for diaphragm type float operated valves (plastics bodied) for cold water services only (excluding floats) BS 1212-4:1991, Float operated valves. Specification for compact type float operated valves for WC flushing cisterns (including floats) SIST EN 997:2012

3.2 WC pan bowl-shaped appliance for reception and flushing away of human solid and liquid excrement
3.3 pedestal WC pan floor-mounted WC pan that has an integral foot
3.4 wall-hung WC pan WC pan cantilevered clear of the floor
3.5 back-to-wall WC pan pedestal WC pan whose back is in contact with the wall
3.6 wash-out WC pan WC pan in which excrement falls first into a shallow water filled bowl, before being removed by the flushing water
3.7 wash-down WC pan WC pan in which excrement falls directly into the trap before being removed by the flushing water
3.8 siphonic WC pan WC pan in which excrement is removed by siphonage induced by the flushing water
3.9 close-coupled suite combination of a WC pan and flushing cistern directly coupled into a functional unit
3.10 one-piece WC pan WC pan manufactured with an integral flushing cistern
3.11 independent WC pan WC pan suitable for the connection with a flushing cistern or a pressure flush valve
3.13 children WC pan WC pan with a front edge between 300 mm and 380 mm high
3.14 baby WC pan WC pan with a front edge below 260 mm high
3.15 flushing device device fitted to a cistern to provide controlled measured volume(s) of water to a WC pan or suite for flushing Note 1 to entry: A flushing device can be a siphon, drop valve, flap valve or pressurised cistern etc. For the purposes of this specification, the flushing device includes the activator (e.g. handle, button, linkages etc.) and all seals, pistons, or other integral components.
3.16 valve-type flushing cistern cistern with integral valve outlet device for the storage and discharge of a defined volume(s) of flushing water for the removal of excrement from a WC pan
3.17 pressure flush valve valve directly connected to the water supply which delivers a pre-determined volume of flushing water for the removal of excrement from a WC pan
3.18 water trap water seal that prevents backflow of foul odour from a drain
3.19 inlet valve valve that controls and shuts off the flow of water into a flushing cistern, usually by an arm connected to a float
3.20 outlet valve mechanism for opening and closing the outlet orifice of the flushing cistern
3.21 flush pipe connecting pipe between a flushing cistern’s outlet and a WC’s inlet
3.22 overflow device enabling release of excess water from a flushing cistern when water reaches a pre-determined level
water level corresponding to the upper edge of the overflow or to the lower edge of the overflow notch
3.24 flush volume volume of water discharged from the flushing device during a flush cycle
3.25 after-flush volume volume of flush water remaining after the last test specimen has left the outlet of the bowl
3.26 warning level level of spill over of a vertically mounted warning pipe connection or the invert of a horizontally mounted warning pipe connection, or the level at which an equally effective (warning) device would operate
3.27 meniscus level level resulting from surface tension of water during overflowing
3.28 nominal water level water level when a cistern is filled to the nominal flush volume, e.g. 4 l, 5 l, 6 l, 7 l or 9 l
3.29 nominal flush volume volume of water indicated, when a flushing cistern is filled to the nominal water level
3.30 maximum water level highest water level reached after flow stabilisation, in the event of continuous supply, as a result of malfunction of the inlet valve
3.31 critical water level highest water level in any part of the appliance, 2 s after the supply is cut-off
3.32 residual water level water level, after a full flush is completed
3.33 adjustable residual water level residual water level in a cistern, after (uninterrupted) flushing, which can be altered by adjusting the outlet mechanism
3.34 short-term leak test leak test consisting of a 15 min wait after flushing then positioning paper designed to change colour when wet, under the flushing device for 10 min Note 1 to entry: A leak is defined as being visible discharge of water amounting to more than three separate drops.
3.36 safety margin – safety margin c distance between the nominal water level determined by the manufacturer, and the overflow level
3.37 impact force
force of the flushing water at the outlet of the flush pipe
3.38 test height distance between the seat of the flushing device and the horizontal axis of the flush pipe
3.39 flush rate volume of water flowing out of a flushing cistern as a function of time
4 Classification WC pans and suites are classified as described below: Class 1: WC pans and suites designed for use with and tested using a nominal full flush volume of either 4 l, 5 l, 6 l, 7 l or 9 l and in case of a reduced flush not less than those in accordance with Table 2 and Table 3. The requirements of class 1 are given in Clause 5.
Class 2: WC suites designed for use with a pressure flushing valve or a flushing cistern incorporating some other flushing device, and tested as described in Clause 6, using a maximum flushing volume of 6 l, or a dual-flush combining a maximum flush of 6 l and a reduced flush no greater than two-thirds of the maximum flush volume. The requirements of class 2 are given in Clause 6. 5 Functional requirements and test methods for class 1 products 5.1 Depth of water seal When tested in accordance with 5.7.1, the depth of the water seal shall be not less than 50 mm. 5.2 Flushing requirements
5.2.1 General Table 1 correlates the flushing requirements to the WC pan type and flushing volume. SIST EN 997:2012

(5.2.5) After-flush volume (5.2.6) 9 X X X X
7 X X X X
6 X X
X X 5 X X
X X 4 X X X X
The efficiency of flushing is demonstrated by the following requirements. 5.2.2 Wash of bowl When tested in accordance with 5.7.2.3, the arithmetic average of any unflushed area below the rim and above the surface of the water in the trap shall not be more than 50 cm2 after five flushing operations. In case of rimless WCs, the surface to be tested is the area between the water surface and a horizontal line 85 mm below the top edge of the bowl.
5.2.3 Flushing of toilet paper
When tested in accordance with 5.7.2.4, 12 sheets of toilet paper shall be flushed out of the WC pan a minimum of 4 times out of five tests. For baby WC pans, 6 sheets of toilet paper shall be flushed out of the WC pan a minimum of 4 times out of five tests. 5.2.4 Flushing of fifty small plastic balls When tested in accordance with 5.7.2.5 after five tests, each with 50 balls, a minimum of 85 % of the balls shall be flushed out of the WC pan. 5.2.5 Oversplashing
When tested in accordance with 5.7.2.6, flushing water shall not splash beyond the rim of the bowl and wet the floor. Only a few small drops are permissible. 5.2.6 After-flush volume When tested in accordance with 5.7.2.7, an after-flush volume of 2,5 l or 2,8 l as appropriate is required. 5.3 Water absorption When tested in accordance with 5.7.3, the arithmetic average for water absorption of glazed ceramic WC pans shall not exceed 0,5 % by mass. 5.4 Static load When tested in accordance with 5.7.4, wall-hung and non-ceramic WC pans and WC suites shall withstand a force of (4,00 ± 0,05) kN without showing any evidence of cracking or permanent deformation. SIST EN 997:2012

5.5.3 Supply piping All materials of the supply piping which could be in contact with drinking water shall not be danger to health. They shall not change the taste, aroma or visual appearance of the drinking water. The use of elastomeric flexible supply hoses complying with EN 13618 is permissible inside the assembly. 5.5.4 Flush volume(s) of the flushing cistern The flush volume(s) for one-piece and close-coupled flushing cisterns supplied with a WC pan shall conform to the value(s) specified by the manufacturer according to Table 3, when measured as described in 5.7.5.1.
Flushing cisterns or their components shall be marked to allow the correct volume(s) of flush to be achieved. 5.5.5 Leaktightness between flushing cistern and bowl When tested in accordance with 5.7.5.2, there shall be no leakage between the WC pan and the flushing cistern. 5.5.6 Outlet valve leaktightness When tested in accordance with 5.7.5.3, the outlet shall not show any leakage greater than three drops within 15 min. 5.5.7 Outlet valve reliability When tested in accordance with 5.7.5.4, the outlet mechanism functions shall be ensured.
The flushing device shall not show any failure or permanent distortion of any component including linkages that prevents normal operation of the mechanism.
The outlet of the flushing device shall not show leakage greater than three drops within 15 min. 5.5.8 Overflow When tested as described in 5.7.5.5, the overflow shall meet the requirements specified below (see Figure 1): a) The distance between the maximum water level and the overflow level shall be ≤ 20 mm. b) The distance between the critical water level and the overflow level shall be ≤ 10 mm. c) The distance between the meniscus level and the overflow level shall be ≤ 5 mm. SIST EN 997:2012

Dimensions in millimetres
Key 1 overflow pipe 2 overflow level 3 maximum water level 4 critical water level 5 meniscus level Figure 1 — Maximum, critical and overflow level 5.5.9 Safety margin – dimension “c” When tested as described in 5.7.5.6, dimension “c” (see Figure 2) corresponding to the distance between the overflowing level and the maximum nominal water level indicated by the manufacturer shall be ≥ 20 mm. SIST EN 997:2012

Key
1 maximum water level 2 overflow level 3 maximum nominal water level a distance between overflow level and the point of the air inlet orifice of the inlet valve c safety margin Figure 2 — Safety margin dimensions 5.5.10 Safety margin – dimension “a” When tested as described in 5.7.5.7, the dimension “a” (see Figure 2) between the overflow level and the lowest point of the air inlet orifice of the inlet valve shall be 20 mm minimum as required in EN 1717, to prevent backflow. In the case of an adjustable overflow, the adjustment shall provide a dimension “a” of 20 mm minimum. 5.6 Durability
Class 1 products conforming to the requirements of 5.2 to 5.4 and 5.5.5 to 5.5.10 are deemed to be durable. 5.7 Test methods 5.7.1 Depth of water seal Install the WC pan in accordance with 5.7.2.2. Flush the WC pan and measure the height from the invert of the trappage back plate to the surface of the water. 5.7.2 Flushing tests 5.7.2.1 Apparatus Independent WC pans are to be tested with one or both of the following separate flushing devices:
Valve-type flushing cistern Type A (see Annex A, Tables A.1 and A.2)
Pressure flush valve Type C (see Annex B, Table B.1) Close-coupled suites and one-piece WC pans shall be tested with flushing cisterns provided or specified by the manufacturer. SIST EN 997:2012

Independent WC pans Use the flushing volumes in accordance with Table 2 with the full flush as indicated by the manufacturer: Install the pedestal or wall-hung WC pan to be tested on a firm flat horizontal or vertical surface as appropriate. Connect a flushing device in accordance with Annex A or Annex B. Close-coupled suites and one-piece WC pans Use the flushing volumes in accordance with Table 3 with the full flush as indicated by the manufacturer: Install the close-coupled suite or the one-piece WC pan on a firm flat horizontal or vertical surface as appropriate using the flushing device provided or specified by the manufacturer.
5.7.2.3 Sawdust test 5.7.2.3.1 Test material 20 g of fine dry wood sawdust. 5.7.2.3.2 Procedure Moisten the complete inner surface of the WC pan below the flushing rim and above the surface of the water in the trap. Immediately afterwards, sprinkle the sawdust as evenly as possible over the moistened surface. Flush the WC pan and measure any unwashed area. Repeat this procedure 5 times. In the case of rimless WCs, the surface to be tested is the area between the water surface in the trap and a horizontal line 85 mm below the top edge of the bowl. 5.7.2.4 Toilet paper test 5.7.2.4.1 Test material Single layer toilet paper with a saturation time of 151510+− s verified by the basket method in accordance with Annex D. Individual sheets shall have a size approximately 140 mm × 100 mm. The mass per unit surface of the toilet paper shall be (30 ± 10) g/m2. 5.7.2.4.2 Procedure Individually loosely crumple 12 sheets of toilet paper or 6 sheets in case of baby WCs and drop them separately one after the other into the WC pan within a time of 14 s to 18 s. Activate the full flush within 2 s of the last sheet being dropped into the WC pan. Record and remove any paper not flushed out of the bowl and the trap. Repeat this test 5 times. 5.7.2.5 Fifty plastic balls test 5.7.2.5.1 Test material 50 balls2) of non-absorbent material, each having a mass of (3,7 ± 0,1) g and a diameter of (20 ± 0,1) mm .
2) Suitable balls are available from Fa. Gebauer GmbH, Kugelfabrik, P.O. Box 425, 36004 Fulda, Germany or CIMAP, Avenue Paul Adam 21 – 25 75017 Paris, France. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of these products. SIST EN 997:2012

5.7.2.7.3 Procedure Place four test specimens, or in case of baby WC pans two test specimens, one after the other into the WC pan and flush the WC pan. In case of wash out WC, place the four specimen as shown in Figure 3. To obtain 10 measures, repeat the test 9 times. SIST EN 997:2012

Figure 3 a)
Figure 3 b) Key 1 water trap a placement of the four specimen in adults' wash-out WC b placement of the two specimen in baby wash-out WC Figure 3 — Placement of specimen in case of wash-out WC The result of flushing operations when not all test specimens have been evacuated shall count as 0 l. The test is positive, if: a) in 8 out of 10 flushes all test specimens are evacuated and the after-flush volume is on each occasion ≥ 2,5 l or b) the arithmetic average of the after-flush volume of the 10 flushing operations is ≥ 2,8 l. If the WC pan does not provide results according to a) or b), repeat the procedure again for an additional 20 flushing operations. The test is then positive, if: c) in 16 out of 20 flushes all test specimens are evacuated and the after-flush volume is on each occasion ≥ 2,5 l or d) the arithmetic average of the after-flush volume of the 20 flushing operations is ≥ 2,8 l. 5.7.3 Determination of water absorption 5.7.3.1 Test material and apparatus  a balance accurate to 0,05 g;  an oven controlled at a test temperature of (110 ± 5) °C;  a desiccator with fresh prepared silica gel;  a chamois leather; SIST EN 997:2012

100001⋅−=mmmWA (1) where
WA
is the coefficient of water absorption, in %;
m0
is the mass of the dry sample, in g;
m1
is the mass of the sample after immersion in water, in g. Calculate the arithmetic average of the water absorption coefficient for the three samples. Report each individual value and the calculated arithmetic average.
Pedestal WC pans of non-ceramic materials shall be fixed onto a solid smooth horizontal surface in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. A force of (4,00 ± 0,05) kN shall be applied for a period of 1 h by means of a beam with a cross section of 100 mm × 100 mm positioned across the centre of aperture of the bowl (see Figure 4). Figure 4 — Load test 5.7.5 Tests for flushing cisterns of close-coupled suites and one-piece WCs 5.7.5.1 Flush volume(s) for flushing cisterns of close-coupled suites and one-piece WCs 5.7.5.1.1 Determination of the full-flush volume  Install the close-coupled suite or one-piece WC on a firm flat horizontal or vertical surface as appropriate.  In case of a close-coupled suite, fit the flushing cistern to the WC pan.  Fill the flushing cistern via an inlet valve.  Fill the water trap of the WC by activating the flushing mechanism.  Fill the flushing cistern via an inlet valve to the level indicated by the manufacturer.  Shut-off the supply.  Operate the full flushing mechanism control and collect the water delivered.  Measure the volume using a calibrated container.  Perform the test three times.  If there are differences in the volumes delivered, calculate the arithmetic mean for the three volumes.  Repeat for all full-flush volumes. 5.7.5.1.2 Determination of the reduced flush volume  Install the close-coupled suite or one-piece WC on a firm flat horizontal or vertical surface as appropriate.  In case of a close-coupled suite, fit the flushing cistern to the WC pan.  Fill the flushing cistern via an inlet valve.  Fill the water trap of the WC by activating the flushing mechanism. SIST EN 997:2012
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