CEN ISO/TR 5602:2022

Sources of error in the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the investigation of coatings and other materials (ISO/TR 5602:2021)

This document describes the main sources of error in the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the investigation of coatings and other materials. The sources of error listed here include all process steps from the set-up of the sample with the measuring cell right through to evaluation.
NOTE       The sources of error discussed here do not represent a complete list.

Fehlerquellen bei der Anwendung elektrochemischer Impedanzspektroskopie bei der Untersuchung von Beschichtungen und anderer Stoffe (ISO/TR 5602:2021)

Dieses Dokument beschreibt die wichtigsten Fehlerquellen bei der Anwendung der elektrochemischen Impedanzspektroskopie zur Untersuchung von Beschichtungen und anderen Materialien. Die hier aufgeführten Fehlerquellen umfassen alle Prozessschritte vom Probenaufbau mit der Messzelle bis hin zur Auswertung.
ANMERKUNG   Die hier erörterten Fehlerquellen stellen keine vollständige Liste dar.

Sources d'erreur dans l'utilisation de la spectroscopie d’impédance électrochimique pour l'étude des revêtements et autres matériaux (ISO/TR 5602:2021)

Le présent document décrit les principales sources d’erreur dans l’utilisation de la spectroscopie d’impédance électrochimique pour l’étude des revêtements et autres matériaux. Les sources d’erreur énumérées ici comprennent toutes les étapes du processus, de la mise en place de l’échantillon avec la cellule de mesure jusqu’à l’évaluation.
NOTE       Les sources d’erreur évoquées ici ne constituent pas une liste exhaustive.

Viri napak pri uporabi elektrokemijske impedančne spektroskopije pri preiskavah premazov in drugih materialov (ISO/TR 5602:2021)

Ta dokument opisuje glavne vire napak pri uporabi elektrokemijske impedančne spektroskopije pri preiskavah premazov in drugih materialov. Tukaj navedeni viri napak vključujejo vse korake postopka od nastavitve vzorca z merilno celico vse do ocene.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Nov-2022
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 139 - Paints and varnishes
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 139 - Paints and varnishes
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 23-Nov-2022
• Due Date: 04-Feb-2024
• Completion Date: 23-Nov-2022
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 5602:2023 - Sources of error in the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the investigation of coatings and other materials (ISO/TR 5602:2021)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2023
Viri napak pri uporabi elektrokemijske impedančne spektroskopije pri preiskavah
premazov in drugih materialov (ISO/TR 5602:2021)
Sources of error in the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the
investigation of coatings and other materials (ISO/TR 5602:2021)
Fehlerquellen bei der Anwendung elektrochemischer Elektroimpdanzspektroskopie bei
der Untersuchung von Beschichtungen und anderer Stoffe (ISO/TR 5602:2021)
Sources d'erreur dans l'utilisation de la spectroscopie d’impédance électrochimique pour
l'étude des revêtements et autres matériaux (ISO/TR 5602:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TR 5602:2022
ICS:
87.040 Barve in laki Paints and varnishes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN ISO/TR 5602
TECHNICAL REPORT
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
November 2022
TECHNISCHER REPORT
ICS 87.040
English Version
Sources of error in the use of electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy for the investigation of coatings and other
materials (ISO/TR 5602:2021)
Sources d'erreur dans l'utilisation de la spectroscopie Fehlerquellen bei der Anwendung elektrochemischer
d'impédance électrochimique pour l'étude des Elektroimpdanzspektroskopie bei der Untersuchung
revêtements et autres matériaux (ISO/TR 5602:2021) von Beschichtungen und anderer Stoffe (ISO/TR
5602:2021)
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 21 November 2022. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
139.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TR 5602:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO/TR 5602:2021 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 "Paints and
varnishes” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as
which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/TR 5602:2021 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TR 5602:2022 without any
modification.
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 5602
First edition
2021-11
Sources of error in the use of
electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy for the investigation of
coatings and other materials
Sources d'erreur dans l'utilisation de la spectroscopie d’impédance
électrochimique pour l'étude des revêtements et autres matériaux
Reference number
ISO/TR 5602:2021(E)
ISO/TR 5602:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO/TR 5602:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Error in the make-up of the measuring cell . 1
4.1 Roughness of the surface . 1
4.2 O-ring — Considerations about the precise determination of the exposed area . 3
4.3 Faulty cell make-up . 7
4.3.1 Optically detectable leaks . 7
4.3.2 Optically non-detectable causes . 7
4.4 Reference electrodes . 9
4.4.1 General information on the distance between the reference and working
electrodes . 9
4.4.2 Shielding . 11
4.4.3 Air bubble in the reference electrode . 11
4.4.4 Poisoning of the reference electrode . 11
4.4.5 Bleeding of the reference electrode . 11
4.5 Counter electrodes . 11
4.5.1 Relative sizes . 11
4.5.2 Reactive counter electrodes . 11
4.6 Gas inclusions in the measuring cell . 11
5 Faults caused by electronics incl. shielding .12
5.1 Faraday cage .12
5.2 Extended cable (without active shielding) . 15
5.3 Cable breaks . 16
5.4 Contact resistances between metallic contacts and the working electrode/counter
electrode . 17
5.5 Inductivities . 18
5.6 Measurement range switching . 19
5.7 Scattering signals in power supply . 20
5.8 Insufficient signal-to-noise ratio . 22
5.9 Influence of peripheral devices . 22
6 Parameter selection, measurement range limits .24
6.1 Open-lead test. 24
6.2 Note on dummy cells – ISO 16773-3 . 24
6.3 Unsuitable amplitude . 24
6.4 Insufficient frequency range .26
6.5 Repetition rate for subsequent measurements . 27
7 Non-stationary measurement conditions .28
7.1 General .28
7.2 Temperature fluctuations . 29
7.3 Electrolytic conductivity . 31
7.4 Swelling . 31
7.5 Drifting OCP . 31
7.6 Corroding working electrode .33
7.7 Reactive counter electrodes . 33
7.8 Gas formation at the counter electrode . 33
8 Design and selection of equivalent circuit diagrams.34
8.1 Constant phase element .34
8.2 Multiple possibilities for the selection of equivalent circuits . 35
iii
ISO/TR 5602:2021(E)
8.3 Warburg impedance . 37
9 Significance of measurement values from equivalent circuits .37
9.1 Measurement uncertainty .
...