EN ISO 16773-2:2007
(Main)Paints and varnishes - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-impedance coated specimens - Part 2: Collection of data (ISO 16773-2:2007)
Paints and varnishes - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-impedance coated specimens - Part 2: Collection of data (ISO 16773-2:2007)
ISO 16773-2:2007 provides guidance on optimizing the collection of EIS data from high-impedance systems. High impedance in the context of intact coatings refers to systems with an impedance greater than 109 ohm·cm2. This does not preclude measurements on systems with lower impedance.
ISO 16773-2:2007 deals with
instrumental set-up: requirements and pit-falls;
data validation: checking the measurement range and the accuracy of the data;
performing an EIS measurement: specimen considerations and instrumental parameters;
the experimental results: different methods of presenting EIS data.
It does not give guidelines for the interpretation of the data.
Beschichtungsstoffe - Elektrochemische Impedanzspektroskopie (EIS) von beschichteten Proben mit hoher Impedanz - Teil 2: Datenerfassung (ISO 16773-2:2007)
Dieser Teil von ISO 16773 enthält Richtlinien zum Optimieren der Erfassung von EIS-Daten bei Systemen mit hoher Impedanz. Hohe Impedanz im Zusammenhang mit intakten Beschichtungen bezieht sich auf Systeme, deren Impedanz größer ist als 109 Ω cm². Dies schließt die Messung von Systemen mit niedrigerer Impedanz nicht aus. Dieser Teil von ISO 16773 behandelt:
Aufbau der Geräte, Anforderungen und Fallstricke;
Gültigkeit, Überprüfung des Messbereiches und Genauigkeit der Daten;
Durchführung einer EIS-Messung, Überlegungen zu den Proben und Geräteparameter;
experimentelle Ergebnisse, verschiedene Darstellungsverfahren von EIS-Daten.
Ein Folgen der Empfehlungen sollte EIS-Daten ergeben, die zum Studium des Leistungsverhaltens der Probe verwendet werden können. Die Norm gibt keine Hinweise zur Interpretation der Daten.
Peintures et vernis - Spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique (SIE) sur des éprouvettes revêtues de haute impédance - Partie 2: Recueil des données (ISO 16773-2:2007)
L'ISO 16773-2:2007 fournit des lignes directrices pour l'optimisation du recueil des données de SIE à partir de systèmes à haute impédance. Dans le contexte des revêtements isolants «haute impédance» se réfère à des systèmes ayant une impédance supérieure à 109 ohm.cm2. Cela n'empêche pas le mesurage de systèmes d'impédance inférieure.
L'ISO 16773-2:2007 traite
du montage instrumental: exigences et problèmes;
de la validation des données: vérification de la plage de mesure et de l'exactitude des données;
de l'exécution d'un mesurage de SIE: dispositions relatives à l'éprouvette et paramètres instrumentaux;
des résultats expérimentaux: les différentes méthodes de présentation des données de SIE.
Elle ne donne aucune recommandation concernant l'interprétation des résultats.
Barve in laki - Elektrokemijska impedančna spektroskopija (EIS) vzorcev z visoko impedanco - 2. del: Zbiranje podatkov (ISO 16773-2:2007)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2007
%DUYHLQODNL(OHNWURNHPLMVNDLPSHGDQþQDVSHNWURVNRSLMD (,6 Y]RUFHY]YLVRNR
LPSHGDQFRGHO =ELUDQMHSRGDWNRY ,62
Paints and varnishes - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-
impedance coated specimens - Part 2: Collection of data (ISO 16773-2:2007)
Beschichtungsstoffe - Elektrochemische Impedanzspektroskopie (EIS) von
beschichteten Proben mit hoher Impedanz - Teil 2: Datenerfassung (ISO 16773-2:2007)
Peintures et vernis - Spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique (SIE) sur des
éprouvettes revetues de haute impédance - Partie 2: Recueil des données (ISO 16773-
2:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16773-2:2007
ICS:
87.040 Barve in laki Paints and varnishes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 16773-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2007
ICS 87.040
English Version
Paints and varnishes - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS) on high-impedance coated specimens - Part 2: Collection
of data (ISO 16773-2:2007)
Peintures et vernis - Spectroscopie d'impédance Beschichtungsstoffe - Elektrochemische
électrochimique (SIE) sur des éprouvettes revêtues de Impedanzspektroskopie (EIS) von beschichteten Proben
haute impédance - Partie 2: Recueil des données (ISO mit hoher Impedanz - Teil 2: Datenerfassung (ISO 16773-
16773-2:2007) 2:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 January 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16773-2:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 16773-2:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35
"Paints and varnishes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 "Paints and
varnishes", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2007, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2007.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16773-2:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16773-2:2007 without any
modifications.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16773-2
First edition
2007-04-01
Paints and varnishes — Electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-
impedance coated specimens —
Part 2:
Collection of data
Peintures et vernis — Spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique
(SIE) sur des éprouvettes revêtues de haute impédance —
Partie 2: Recueil des données
Reference number
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
©
ISO 2007
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2007
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Principle. 1
5 Electrochemical cell . 2
6 Procedure . 3
7 Instrumental parameters. 7
8 Data presentation. 9
9 Exchange file format. 10
Annex A (informative) Determination of maximum measurable impedance with the open-lead test . 11
Annex B (normative) Data exchange file format . 13
Bibliography . 17
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16773-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9,
General test methods for paints and varnishes.
ISO 16773 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-impedance coated specimens:
⎯ Part 1: Terms and definitions
⎯ Part 2: Collection of data
1)
⎯ Part 3: Processing and analysis of data from dummy cells
1)
⎯ Part 4: Examples of spectra of polymer-coated specimens
1) In preparation.
iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
Paints and varnishes — Electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS) on high-impedance coated specimens —
Part 2:
Collection of data
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16773 provides guidance on optimizing the collection of EIS data from high-impedance
systems. High impedance in the context of intact coatings refers to systems with an impedance greater than
9 2
10 Ω⋅cm . This does not preclude measurements on systems with lower impedance.
This part of ISO 16773 deals with
⎯ instrumental set-up: requirements and pit-falls;
⎯ data validation: checking the measurement range and the accuracy of the data;
⎯ performing an EIS measurement: specimen considerations and instrumental parameters;
⎯ the experimental results: different methods of presenting EIS data.
Following the recommendations should ensure the acquisition of EIS data that can be used to study the
performance of the specimen. It does not give guidelines for the interpretation of the data.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16773-1, Paints and varnishes — Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on high-impedance
coated specimens — Part 1: Terms and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16773-1 apply.
4 Principle
A so-called “confidence” test is described in order to check the suitability of the entire set-up and
recommendations are given as to how to perform EIS experiments. For convenience, only potentiostatically
controlled EIS measurements are described, although it is also possible to make EIS measurements under
galvanostatic control.
A potentiostat is connected either to a dummy cell or to an electrochemical cell (with working, counter- and
reference electrodes). A single-sinusoidal- or multi-sinusoidal-waveform potential, either in conjunction with a
d.c. offset or not, is applied by the potentiostat to the dummy cell or to the electrochemical cell, and the
resulting a.c. current is measured. Both potential and a.c. current data are collected and analysed for
amplitude and phase shift. This can be done in a variety of ways, depending on the type of equipment used.
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
All data are presented and compared graphically, or computed for equivalent circuits. In the case of the
dummy cell, the values of these equivalent components are compared to the actual cell components
connected to the potentiostat and evaluated for coherence.
5 Electrochemical cell
5.1 General
NOTE 1 Various types of measurement cell exist which are suitable for use with this part of ISO 16773. Most
commonly used are two-electrode and three-electrode arrangements for measurements in an aqueous electrolyte.
The cell should be constructed of materials that will not corrode, otherwise deteriorate or contaminate the
solution (e.g. PMMA, PTFE or glass). A material compatibility test should be carried out.
The cell should be leak-proof to ensure that the geometrical surface of the specimen does not change with
time.
The cell should preferably be designed to allow the following items to be inserted into the electrolyte chamber:
the working electrode, the reference electrode, the counter-electrode, a thermometer (for temperature control)
and gas inlet/outlet tubes to modify the oxygen content of the electrolyte. When using an inert gas, a gas
scrubber should be used.
An example of an electrochemical cell is shown in Figure 1.
Key
1 reference electrode
2 counter-electrode
3 electrolyte
4 O-ring
5 coating
6 working electrode
Figure 1 — Example of an electrochemical cell
NOTE 2 This drawing does not imply that other designs are unsuitable.
The components shown in Figure 1 are described in 5.2 to 5.4.
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
ISO 16773-2:2007(E)
5.2 Electrodes
To perform EIS in aqueous solution, the more conventional set-up is composed of a three-electrode
arrangement: a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter-electrode.
Working electrode: A conductive substrate covered by the coating to be investigated. A large surface area is
preferred to better take into account any defects and to decrease the impedance of the system to give a better
signal-to-noise ratio.
Counter-electrode: Inert material such as platinum with a large surface area
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.