EN 13135:2013
(Main)Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function.
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard.
The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls.
The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal.
The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use.
In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series.
Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane.
The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard.
The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4.
This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard.
Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrüstungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Auswahl der elektrischen, mecha-nischen, hydraulischen und pneumatischen Ausrüstung für alle Arten von Kranen und ihren dazugehörenden fest eingescherten Lastaufnahmemittel fest, mit dem Ziel, das Personal vor Gefährdungen seiner Sicherheit und Gesundheit zu schützen und die Betriebssicherheit der Funktionen sicherzustellen.
ANMERKUNG Besondere Anforderungen an spezielle Kranarten und Lastaufnahmemittel sind in entsprechenden Europäischen Normen angegeben.
Die elektrische Ausrüstung, die von dieser Europäischen Norm abgedeckt wird, beginnt an der Netz-anschlussstelle des Krans (dem Kranhauptschalter), und schließt die Systeme für Energieversorgung und Steuerleitungen außerhalb des Krans, z. B. flexible Leitungen, Schleifleitungen, Elektromotoren und kabellose Steuerungen, mit ein.
Für Krane, die gefährliche Lasten transportieren, sind die anzuwendenden Grundsätze in dieser Norm ange-geben. Besondere Anforderungen sind an den Transport feuerflüssiger Metalle gegeben.
Diese Norm behandelt keine Detailkonstruktion einzelner Einheiten der Ausrüstung, außer im Hinblick auf ihre Auswahl für bestimmte Aspekte der Anwendung.
Berechnungen zum Sicherheitsnachweis, Festigkeitsanforderungen oder Sicherheitsabstände für Ausrüstung und Einzelteile sind allgemein nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm. Fragen hierzu behandeln EN 13001, Teile 1 und 2, und die Normenreihe EN 13001-3, die teilweise in Vorbereitung ist, (siehe Anhang A). Lediglich für in der Normenreihe EN 13001 nicht aufgeführte Positionen werden hier einige Sicherheitsabstände aufge¬führt.
Gefährdungen durch Lärm sind nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm. Diese sind in den Produktnormen der jeweiligen Kranarten festgelegt.
Besondere Gefährdungen durch explosionsgefährdete Bereiche, ionisierende Strahlung und Einsatz in elektromagnetischen Feldern, über den Anwendungsbereich von EN 61000-6-2 hinaus, werden in der vorliegenden Europäischen Norm nicht behandelt.
Die signifikanten Gefährdungen, die durch diese Europäische Norm abgedeckt sind, sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgelistet.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Krane, die vor dem Veröffentlichungsdatum der vorliegenden Norm durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipement
La présente Norme européenne spécifie des prescriptions pour la conception et le choix des équipements électriques, mécaniques, hydrauliques et pneumatiques utilisés pour tous les types d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue et leurs accessoires fixes de levage de charge, dans le but de s’assurer de la fiabilité des fonctions et de protéger le personnel des phénomènes dangereux qui pourraient affecter leur santé et leur sécurité.
NOTE Des prescriptions spécifiques pour des types particuliers d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue et pour leurs accessoires de levage de charge sont données dans la Norme européenne appropriée.
L’équipement électrique couvert par la présente Norme européenne commence au point de raccordement de l’alimentation de l’appareil de levage à charge suspendue (l’interrupteur d’alimentation de l’appareil de levage), il comprend les alimentations de puissance et les alimentations de commande situées à l’extérieur de l’appareil de levage à charge suspendue, telles que les câbles souples, les fils électriques ou les barres conductrices, les moteurs électriques et les commandes sans fil.
Les principes à suivre pour des appareils de levage à charge suspendue transportant des charges dangereuses sont donnés dans la présente norme. Des prescriptions particulières sont indiquées pour les appareils de levage à charge suspendue transportant du métal en fusion.
La présente norme ne traite pas de la conception détaillée des éléments individuels de l’équipement, sauf en ce qui concerne leur sélection pour des aspects spécifiques d’utilisation.
En règle générale, les calculs de vérification d’aptitude et les prescriptions relatives à la résistance ou les marges de sécurité correspondantes s’appliquant à l’équipement et aux composants ne sont pas couverts par la présente norme. Ces questions sont traitées dans l’EN 13001 parties 1 et 2, et dans la série des EN 13001-3 qui est en partie en cours d’élaboration ; voir l’Annexe A. Exceptionnellement, certaines marges de sécurité sont données ici pour les éléments qui ne sont pas traités dans la série EN 13001.
Les phénomènes dangereux liés au bruit ne sont pas couverts par la présente norme. Ils sont traités dans les normes de sécurité spécifiques de chaque type d’appareil de levage à charge suspendue.
Les phénomènes dangereux spécifiques dus à des atmosphères potentiellement explosives, au rayonnement ionisant et à l’utilisation dans des champs électromagnétiques, qui sortent du domaine d’application de l’EN 61000-6-2, ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs couverts par la présente Norme européenne sont identifiés à l’Article 4.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue qui ont été fabriqués avant la date de publication de la présente norme par le CEN.
Žerjavi - Varnost - Konstruiranje - Zahteve za opremo
Ta evropski standard podaja zahteve za konstruiranje in izbiro električne, mehanične, hidravlične in pnevmatične opreme, ki se uporablja v vseh vrstah žerjavov in njihovi povezani pritrjeni dvigalni opremi. Cilj tega standarda je zaščita osebja pred tveganji, ki vplivajo na njihovo zdravje in varnost, ter zagotavljanje zanesljivosti delovanja. Električna oprema, ki jo zajema ta evropski standard, se začne v točki povezave napajanja z žerjavom (stikalo za napajanje žerjava) in vključuje napajalne sisteme in kontrolne vhode, ki se nahajajo zunaj žerjava, na primer zvijave kable, prevodne žice ali zbiralke, elektromotorje in brezžične krmilnike. V tem standardu so podana načela, ki se uporabljajo za žerjave za prevoz nevarnih bremen. Za žerjave za prevoz vroče tekoče kovine so podane posebne zahteve. Ta standard ne vsebuje podrobnih načrtov posameznih delov opreme, razen v zvezi z njihovo izbiro za posebne vidike uporabe. Ta standard na splošno ne podaja dokazov o izračunih kakovosti in povezanih zahtev o moči ali varnostnih mejah opreme in delov. Ta vprašanja obravnavata 1. in 2. del standarda EN 13001 in skupina standardov EN 13001-3, ki je delno v postopku priprave (glej dodatek A). Izjemoma so v tem standardu podane nekatere varnostne meje za elemente, ki niso zajeti v skupini standardov EN 13001. Ta standard ne zajema tveganj zaradi hrupa. Ta tveganja so obravnavana v varnostnih standardih, ki so značilni za vsako vrsto žerjava. Posebne nevarnosti zaradi potencialno eksplozivne atmosfere, ionizirajočega sevanja in delovanja v elektromagnetnem polju, ki presegajo področje uporabe standarda 61000-6-2, niso zajete v tem evropskem standardu. Posebne nevarnosti, ki jih zajema ta evropski standard, so navedene v točki 4. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za žerjave, izdelane pred datumom objave tega standarda s strani CEN.
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 13135:2013 (EN 13135) - "Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment" - specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments. The standard aims to protect personnel, ensure reliability of function, and provide design guidance for normal and certain high‑risk crane applications (including principles for cranes transporting hazardous loads and particular requirements for hot molten metal).
Key scope notes:
- Electrical equipment coverage starts at the crane supply switch and includes external power and control feeders (flexible cables, conductor bars, motors, cableless controls).
- It addresses equipment selection and safeguarding measures rather than detailed design calculations.
- It is a type C standard and supports compliance with the EU Machinery Directive (see Annex ZA).
- Exclusions: noise hazards, explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and extreme electromagnetic fields beyond EN 61000‑6‑2 are not covered.
Key Topics and Technical Requirements
The standard organizes safety requirements across equipment types and functions, including:
- Electrical systems: supply, protection against electric shock, control circuits, operator interfaces, and motor selection.
- Mechanical systems: clutches, couplings, brakes, gear drives, wheels on rails, rope, chain and belt systems, adjustment rods and compensating means.
- Fluid power systems: hydraulic and pneumatic controls, protective measures and overload testing.
- Fixed load lifting attachments: selection and specific requirements (hooks, terminations).
- Safeguarding: safety‑related control functions, measures for loss of drive power, anti‑derailment, anti‑collision and storm‑locking.
- Environmental and high‑risk considerations: material weakening, temperature effects, special provisions for hazardous loads and hot molten metal.
- Verification and documentation: testing, information for use, maintenance instructions, marking and endurance guidance (Annex D).
Practical Applications and Users
Who benefits from EN 13135:
- Crane manufacturers and designers selecting components and specifying equipment.
- Safety and compliance engineers ensuring conformity with EU Machinery Directive requirements.
- Maintenance teams and inspectors using the verification, testing and marking guidance.
- System integrators responsible for electrical and control systems on cranes handling hazardous or high‑risk loads.
Practical uses:
- Establishing minimum selection criteria for motors, brakes, ropes and fluid systems.
- Defining safety functions for control systems and operator interfaces.
- Applying additional safeguards for cranes carrying molten metal or other hazardous loads.
- Preparing manufacturer documentation, maintenance instructions and conformity evidence.
Related Standards
Key references and complementary standards:
- EN 13001 series (general crane design, load actions, proof of competence)
- EN 13155 (non‑fixed lifting attachments)
- Standards for wire ropes and terminations (e.g., EN 12385, EN 13411 series)
- Electromagnetic compatibility standards such as EN 61000‑6‑2
EN 13135:2013 is essential for anyone specifying or certifying crane equipment safety and forms part of the harmonized European framework for safe crane design and operation.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Žerjavi - Varnost - Konstruiranje - Zahteve za opremoKrane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die AusrüstungenAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipementCranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13135:2013SIST EN 13135:2013en,fr,de01-junij-2013SIST EN 13135:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13135-2:2005+A1:2010SIST EN 13135-1:2004+A1:20101DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13135
February 2013 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010, EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010English Version
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipement
Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrüstungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13135:2013: ESIST EN 13135:2013
Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 61 Annex B (informative)
Design of rail wheel flanges . 62 Annex C (informative)
Guidance on rope systems . 64 Annex D (informative)
Specification of endurance of equipment. 65 D.1 Basic approach. 65 D.2 Examples of application . 66 D.2.1 Roller bearing . 66 D.2.2 Lifting attachment, fixed or non-fixed . 66 D.2.3 Turnbuckle . 67 D.2.4 Electromechanical component . 67 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 68 Bibliography . 69
This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means for equipment of cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 13135:2013
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 818-1, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 1: General conditions of acceptance EN 818-7, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT) EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1561, Founding — Grey cast irons EN 12077-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking SIST EN 13135:2013
3.11 load bearing component mechanical or structural component which is stressed by the hoist load 3.12 load hook device attached to chain, rope, bottom block or lifting attachment from which the load, load handling devices or slings can be suspended 3.13 load suspension system common term for belt, chain and rope systems employed to suspend a load 3.14 low-voltage electrical equipment electrical equipment operating with voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. 3.15 maximum motor speed maximum motor speed during operation between the rated speed and the mechanical limit speed 3.16 mechanical limit speed of the motor speed above which the motor can suffer mechanical damage SIST EN 13135:2013
Rough or slippery surfaces 5.7.4; 5.7.7 Contact of a person with bursting parts due to exceeding of kinetic energy 5.7.4 Contact of a person with ejected objects 5.2.8.4; 5.5.2.3 Loss of stability or overturning of crane 5.3.5.1; 5.4.2.3; 5.7.4; 5.7.5; 5.7.6; 5.7.7, 5.7.8 Fitting together parts, which should not be fitted or fitting parts in a wrong order. 5.4.2.3 2 Electrical hazards Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 5.2.1, 5.2.4 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) 5.2.1 Contact of persons with electric arc 5.2.1 Lightning 5.2.1 Thermal radiation from molten particles and chemical effects from short-circuits, overloads, etc. 5.2.1; 5.5.4.5.2; 5.8.2; 5.9.3 3 Thermal hazards Contact of objects or materials with a high or low temperature 5.5.5.5.2; 5.8.2.2; 5.8.2.3; 5.9.3.3.1 Heat radiation, e.g. from hot molten substances 5.4.2.1; 5.9.1; 5.9.3.2.7; 5.9.3.3.1 5 Vibration hazards Vibrations of the mechanisms and structures, causing: whole body vibration, particularly when 5.2.1; 5.3.1; 5.4.1 SIST EN 13135:2013
Infrared, visible and ultraviolet light 5.8.1; 5.9.3.3.1 7 Material and substances hazards
Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, and dusts or material of the crane 5.5.4.2
Influence of harmful material of the ambient environment (or the load) 5.5.4.2; 5.9.3.3 Fire or explosion in the operating area of the crane 5.5.4.4.2; 5.5.4.5.2; 5.9.3.3 8 Ergonomic hazard Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.2.6; 5.5.1 9 Hazards associated with the environment in which the machine is used Lightning, wind, snow, temperature, water 5.2.2; 5.5.4.1, 5.8.1; 5.8.2 10 Unexpected start-up or uncontrolled movements Unexpected start-up of the crane due to a failure in the control system 5.2.1; 5.2.5; 5.5.1 Uncontrolled movements of the crane due to a failure in the control system 5.2.1; 5.5.1 Overspeed with load lowering (gravity) 5.2.3; 5.2.7; 5.2.8.4; 5.3.3; 5.5.4.5.1; 5.9.2 Wind or a sloped track captures the crane 5.2.7; 5.2.8; 5.3.3.4; 5.7.4; 5.7.7 Unexpected start-up or uncontrolled movement of the crane due to an error in the software
5.2.1; 5.7.1; 5.7.2; 5.7.4 Unintended or unexpected use by a third person 5.2.1; 5.5.2.2; 5.5.2.3; 7 Hazardous events following faulty adjustments made by the operator or a third person 5.2.1; 5.5.2.3; 7 Leakage of pressurised fluid causes lowering of the load or the jib 5.5.4.3.1; 5.5.4.3.2; 5.5.5.5.3 Hazardous movements due disconnection from the fluid power supply 5.5.2.2; 11 Impossibility of stopping the A failure in stopping the crane, jib, trolley or hoist 5.2.8.2; 5.3.2; 5.3.3.5; 5.3.4; 5.5.2.1; 5.5.4.3.1; 5.5.5.2; SIST EN 13135:2013
5.2.8.4; 5.3.1; 5.3.2; 5.3.3; 5.3.4; 5.3.6; 5.3.7; 5.3.8; 5.3.9; 5.3.10; 5.4.1; 5.4.2.2; 5.5.3; 5.5.4; 5.5.5; 5.6.1; 5.6.2; 5.7.1; 5.7.2; 5.8.1; 5.9
Dropping or ejection of any machine part 5.2.8.4; 5.3.5.2; 5.5.2.3; 5.7.8
Failure to stop the crane, jib, trolley or hoist due to a breakage of some component
5.2.8; 5.3.3.1; 5.3.3.2; 5.3.3.4; 5.3.4; 5.7.1; 5.7.2; 5.7.4; 5.7.8; 5.8.1; 5.9.2.3
Any hazard due to dropping of the crane or trolley from the track 5.3.5; 5.7.5; 5.7.7, 5.7.8
Any hazard due to a failure of a limit switch or other protective devices 5.7.1; 5.7.2; 5.7.4; 7.3
A whiplash hazard due failure of a hose assembly 5.5.4.4.2 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Machinery shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document. 5.2 Electrical equipment 5.2.1 General The electrical equipment shall conform to EN 60204-32 as amended in this standard. SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 60204-32:2008. 5.2.2 Physical environment and operating conditions When the physical environment or the operating conditions are outside those specified in 4.4 of EN 60204-32:2008, the specification of the electrical equipment shall be amended accordingly.
Wind chill effects and solar heat gain shall be taken into account where appropriate. 5.2.3 Electrical supply The electrical equipment shall be designed to operate correctly in the conditions specified in 4.3 of
EN 60204-32:2008. Where the cabling distances would cause voltage drops in excess of those allowed under EN 60204-32, the selection of equipment shall be based on actual voltages. When calculating the voltage drop, the most unfavourable position of the hoisting appliance in relation to its supply point shall be taken into account. The start-up (ID) and rated (IN) currents of the motors operating simultaneously shall be taken into account. NOTE 1 The rated current (IN) cannot necessarily be considered to mean the nameplate current of the motor but the current drawn by the motor at full rated load. For squirrel-cage rotor motors ID (start-up current), refer to the manufacturer's catalogue. In case the motor is controlled by an electronic drive (soft-starter, frequency converter etc), the maximum current occurring during any phase of operation should be considered as start-up current, although the highest current does not necessarily occur when starting the motion.
NOTE 2 With direct starting of squirrel cage motors, ID is typically five to ten times IN. For slip-ring motors, ID is typically two times IN. With electronic drives, the start-up current depends on the converter type and on its adjustments; with frequency converters in hoisting motions ID is typically below two times IN. Where the crane-supply-switch is not readily accessible on the access way to the crane, the crane-disconnector and disconnectors for special circuits shall be capable of breaking the short circuit current of the associated circuits. 5.2.4 Protection against electric shock by direct contact For each circuit or part of the electrical equipment, protection against electric shock by direct contact shall, whenever practicable, be provided by enclosures or insulation of live parts in accordance with EN 60204-32. Where these measures are not practicable, protection by barriers according to IEC 60364-4-41, is acceptable in electrical operating areas and enclosed electrical operating areas; protection by placing out of reach in accordance with EN 60204-32 is acceptable only in the case of conductor bars and conductor wires. 5.2.5 Control circuits and control functions Where means for temporary suspension of safeguarding (see EN 60204-32:2008, 9.2.4) is provided,
the device for suspending shall be located inside an enclosure, access to which, requires special tools, or
other means, not available for normal operation, e.g. a key-operated switch or password protection, shall be provided. SIST EN 13135:2013
The recommended colours of push-buttons are as follows: Start/On Green Stop/Off Black Hold to Run White Reset Blue The stop button of a cableless control station Red Other functions Yellow or grey
5.2.7 Power driven motions All powered motions shall be power driven at all times during normal operation. 5.2.8 Selection of motors 5.2.8.1 General Motors for a crane motion shall be designed such that the motors have enough capacity: to perform the specified, consecutive working cycles without overheating; to start the motion with a specified acceleration; to maintain the specified speed of the motion. Decisive duty features for sizing of crane motors are short-term factors such as the starting period of the motion or a single work cycle. Consequently, the basic crane duty parameters of EN 13001-1 – the hoist load spectrum and total number of work cycles – are not relevant for sizing the motor as an electrical component. The average distance per work cycle of each motion (see EN 13001-1) shall be taken into account, when determining an appropriate rating type of the motor duty and thermal power rating requirement. The following, related factors shall be taken into account together with the motor itself: features of the electrical drive system (rated current and voltage with resulting motor torque characteristics, speed regulation and type of braking); cyclic duration factor of the specified duty; number of cycles/hour; SIST EN 13135:2013
5.2.8.2.1 General The loads to be applied in 5.2.8.5 to 5.2.8.7 shall be in accordance with EN 13001-2, setting all the dynamic factors φi = 1 and the partial safety factors γp = 1. The hoisted load shall be applied with the value of the rated load, unless otherwise specified. The wind state for an outdoor crane shall be that specified for the crane and applied in calculation of wind forces in accordance with EN 13001-2. Travel resistance shall be taken into account as an external load action. In transforming the load actions to a motor torque, the internal efficiency (friction) of the mechanical system shall be taken into account. For the thermal capacity calculation in 5.2.8.7, the load combinations A of EN 13001-2 shall be applied, with the addition of in-service wind force during controlled movement (see EN 13001-2) into each load combination. For the torque calculations in 5.2.8.5 and 5.2.8.6, the load combinations B of EN 13001-2 shall be applied, applying the in-service wind force required for starting drive forces (see EN 13001-2). 5.2.8.2.2 Travel resistance The total travel resistance due to rolling resistance and bearing friction in cases, where a wheel is running on a flat surface, shall be calculated by multiplying the wheel force perpendicular to the running surface by a rolling friction factor. Values given in the Table 2 should be used as guidance for the rolling friction factors for a steel wheel equipped with roller bearings. Table 2 — Rolling friction factors for steel-steel contact Wheel construction Wheel diameter Dw [mm] 50 80 100 125 160 250 320 400 630 and larger Flanged wheels 0,013 0,011 0,01 0,009 0,008 0,006 5 0,006 0,005 5 0,005 Flangeless wheels 0,011 0,009 5 0,008 5 0,007 5 0,007 0,005 5 0,005 2 0,005 0,004 5 Note 1 Friction factors for intermediate values of Dw may be derived by interpolation. Note 2 Wheel diameters less than 50 mm are not dealt with. SIST EN 13135:2013
5.2.8.3
Multiple motors for a motion In cases where two or more motors drive the same motion, the following shall be considered: synchronisation of the mechanisms, if required due to the needs of the application; division of external load actions to the motors, taking into account properties and geometric proportions of the mechanical configuration; effect on motors, limiting their capabilities to develop torque, e.g. due to slippage of driven wheels or due to current limit of a single or multiple drive system(s) supplying the motors. 5.2.8.4 Mechanical strength The proof of mechanical strength of the motor components shall be done in accordance with the general principles specified for mechanical components. The rated load shall only be applied in the calculations, without consideration to variation of actual hoisted loads. Dynamic impacts in motor torque, e.g. due to change of direction of the torque, shall be taken into account. Mechanical strength of the motor shafts and shaft gears, which are subject to metal fatigue under cyclic loading due to motor rotation, shall be designed for a fatigue limit under maximum torque. The bearing housings of hoist motors shall be designed such that in case of failure of rolling elements of a bearing, the capability to hold the torque is not lost. A motor and its possible overspeed protection shall be selected so that the maximum safe operating speed (see EN 60034-1:2010, 9.6) of the motor will not be exceeded under any foreseen conditions. 5.2.8.5 Torque requirement for vertical movements 5.2.8.5.1 General In addition to primary hoisting of the load, this clause shall also be applied to combined vertical and horizontal movement of hoist load or dead weight of a crane part, where the slope of the path of the moved mass is 5 % or steeper in relation to horizontal level. SIST EN 13135:2013
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 13135:2013 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function. NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard.
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function. NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard.
EN 13135:2013 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 53.020.20 - Cranes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 13135:2013 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010, EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010, EN 13135:2013+A1:2018, EN 13135:2013/FprA1, EN 13155:2020, EN 13135-1:2003, EN 13135-2:2004. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 13135:2013 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC, 98/37/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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この記事は、EN 13135:2013という欧州標準について述べたものです。この標準は、あらゆるタイプのクレーンとそれに関連する固定された荷重持ち上げアタッチメントに使用される電気、機械、油圧、空気圧装置の設計と選択の要件を定めています。この標準の目的は、人員の健康と安全を保護し、機能の信頼性を確保することです。 特定のタイプのクレーンおよび荷重持ち上げアタッチメントに関する具体的な要件は、適切な欧州標準で提供されています。 この標準は、クレーンの供給点（クレーン供給スイッチ）からクレーンの外部にある電源および制御フィーダー（柔軟ケーブル、導体ワイヤまたはバー、電動機、ケーブルレス制御など）までの電気機器をカバーしています。 この標準では、危険物を輸送するクレーンの原則も述べられており、熱い溶融金属を輸送するクレーンについても特定の要件が示されています。 ただし、この標準は個々の装置の詳細設計には適用されませんが、特定の使用目的に対する選択に関する制約があります。 一般的に、この標準では機器や部品の証明書の計算や関連する強度要件や安全余裕には触れていません。これらの問題はEN 13001-1および2部、および一部が作成中のEN 13001-3シリーズで取り扱われています。例外的に、EN 13001シリーズで対象外とされるアイテムの一部については、ここで安全余裕が示されています。 ノイズによる危険は、この標準では対象とされていません。それらは各クレーンの安全基準で取り扱われています。 爆発性環境、イオン放射線、EN 61000-6-2範囲を超えた電磁界での運用など、特定の危険にはこの欧州標準は対象外です。 この欧州標準で対象とされる主な危険は第4節で確認されており、この標準は公表された日付の前に製造されたクレーンには適用されません。
이 기사는 유럽규격 EN 13135:2013에 대한 내용으로, 이 규격은 모든 유형의 크레인과 관련된 고정된 하중 올리기 부속물에 사용되는 전기 및 기계 장비의 설계와 선택에 대한 요구사항을 명시하고 있습니다. 이를 통해 인원의 건강과 안전을 보호하고 기능의 신뢰성을 보장하는 것을 목표로 하고 있습니다. 특정 유형의 크레인과 하중 올리기 부속물에 대한 구체적인 요구사항은 적절한 유럽규격에서 제공됩니다. 이 유럽규격은 크레인의 공급과 연결되는 부분 (크레인 공급 스위치)에서부터 크레인 외부에 위치한 전원 공급 및 제어 피더 (예: 유연한 케이블, 도선, 전기 모터 및 케이블 없는 제어)를 포함한 전기 장비를 다룹니다. 위험한 하중을 운반하는 크레인에 대한 원칙도 이 규격에서 제시하고 있으며, 뜨거운 용융 금속을 운반하는 크레인에 대한 특정 요구사항이 제공됩니다. 이 규격은 개별 장비 항목의 상세 설계에는 적용되지 않습니다. 다만 특정 사용 용도를 위해 선택하는 것에 대한 제약이 있습니다. 일반적으로, 장비와 구성 요소의 능력 검증 계산 및 관련 강도 요구사항 또는 안전 마진에 대해서는 이 규격이 다루지 않습니다. 이러한 문제는 EN 13001-1 및 2부, EN 13001-3 시리즈 (부분적으로 준비 중인 것 참조)에서 다루고 있습니다. 예외적으로, EN 13001 시리즈에서 다루지 않는 항목에 대해 일부 안전 마진이 여기에서 제공됩니다. 소음으로 인한 위험은 이 규격에서 다루지 않습니다. 이는 각 유형의 크레인에 대한 안전 기준에서 다루고 있습니다. 이 유럽규격에서는 잠재적으로 폭발성 환경, 이온화 방사선 및 EN 61000-6-2 범위를 초과하는 전자기장에서의 작동과 같은 특정 위험을 다루지 않습니다. 이 유럽규격이 다루는 주요 위험 요소는 4조에서 확인할 수 있으며, 이 규격은 CEN에서 이를 발표하기 전에 제조된 크레인에는 적용되지 않습니다.
This article discusses the requirements set by the European Standard EN 13135:2013 for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic equipment used in cranes and their load lifting attachments. The standard aims to protect personnel's health and safety and ensure the reliability of crane function. Specific requirements for different types of cranes and load lifting attachments are provided in appropriate European Standards. The standard covers electrical equipment from the crane supply switch to systems for power supply and control feeders. It also outlines principles for cranes transporting hazardous loads, with specific requirements for those transporting hot molten metal. However, the standard does not cover the detailed design of individual equipment items or the proof of competence calculations and strength requirements, which are addressed in other standards. Hazards related to noise, potentially explosive atmospheres, ionizing radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of another standard are also not covered. The significant hazards covered by this standard are identified, and it does not apply to cranes manufactured before its publication.
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