EN 1755:2015

Industrial Trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Supplementary requirements for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres

This European Standard applies to self-propelled and pedestrian propelled manual and semi-manual industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053 1 including their load handling devices and attachments (hereafter referred to as trucks) intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.
NOTE 1   Attachments mounted on the load carrier or on fork arms which are removable by the user are not considered to be a part of the truck.
This European Standard specifies supplementary technical requirements for the prevention of the ignition of an explosive atmosphere of flammable gases, vapours, mists or dusts by industrial trucks of equipment group II and equipment category 2G, 3G, 2D or 3D.
NOTE 2   The relationship between an equipment category (hereafter referred to as category) and the corresponding zone (area classification) is shown in informative Annex B.
This European Standard does not include:
-   trucks of equipment group I;
-   trucks of equipment group II, equipment category 1;
-   trucks intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres with hybrid mixtures;
-   protective systems.
This European Standard is not applicable to trucks intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres of carbon disulphide (CS2), carbon monoxide (CO) and/or ethylene oxide (C2H4O) due to the special properties of these gases.
This standard is applicable to trucks intended for use in atmospheres with an ambient temperature range of   20 °C to +40 °C, i.e. trucks built in accordance with this European Standard will be satisfactory to any service conditions within this range unless otherwise specified.
NOTE 3   The ambient temperature range -20 °C to +40 °C is in line with EN ISO 3691 1.

Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen - Verwendung in Bereichen mit brennbaren Gasen, Dämpfen, Nebeln oder Stäuben

Diese Europäische Norm gilt für motorkraftbetriebene und mitgängerbetriebene manuelle und halbmanuelle Flurförderzeuge, wie in ISO 5053 festgelegt, einschließlich deren Lastaufnahmemittel und abnehmbare Anbaugeräte (im Folgenden als Flurförderzeuge bezeichnet) für die bestimmungsgemäße Anwendung in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen.
ANMERKUNG 1   Auf dem Lastenträger oder an den Gabelzinken angebrachte Anbaugeräte, die durch den Benutzer abnehmbar sind, gelten nicht als Teil des Flurförderzeugs.
Diese Europäische Norm befasst sich nur mit den technischen Anforderungen an die Verhinderung der Zündung einer explosionsfähigen Atmosphäre durch Flurförderzeuge der Gerätegruppe II und Geräte-kategorie 2G, 3G, 2D oder 3D.
ANMERKUNG 2   Der Zusammenhang zwischen einer Gerätekategorie (im Folgenden als Kategorie bezeichnet) und der jeweiligen Zone ist im informativen Anhang B dargestellt.
Die vorliegende Norm umfasst keine:
-   Flurförderzeuge der Gerätegruppe I;
-   Flurförderzeuge der Gerätegruppe II, Kategorie 1;
-   Flurförderzeuge, die zur Anwendung in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen mit hybriden Gemischen vorgesehen sind;
-   Schutzsysteme.
Diese Norm gilt wegen der besonderen Eigenschaften dieser Gase nicht für Flurförderzeuge, die für den Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen mit Schwefelkohlenstoff (CS2), Kohlenmonoxid (CO) und/oder Ethylenoxid (C2H4O) vorgesehen sind.
Diese Norm gilt für Flurförderzeuge, die für den Einsatz in Atmosphären in einem Umgebungstemperatur-bereich von –20 °C bis +40 °C vorgesehen sind, d. h. entsprechend dieser Norm gebaute Flurförderzeuge sind in diesem Bereich unter allen Betriebsbedingungen zufriedenstellend einsetzbar, sofern es nicht anders festgelegt ist.
ANMERKUNG 3   Der Umgebungstemperaturbereich –20 °C bis +40 °C entspricht den Festlegungen von EN ISO 3691 1.

Chariots de manutention - Prescriptions de sécurité et vérification - Prescriptions supplémentaires pour le fonctionnement en atmosphères explosibles

La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux chariots automoteurs et aux chariots à conducteur à propulsion manuelle et semi-manuelle, tels que définis dans l'ISO 5053-1, y compris leurs dispositifs de manutention des charges et accessoires (désignés ci-après par « chariots ») destinés à être utilisés en atmosphères explosibles.
NOTE 1   Les accessoires démontables par l'utilisateur qui sont installés sur le porteur de charge ou sur les bras de fourche ne sont pas considérés comme faisant partie intégrante du chariot.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions techniques supplémentaires relatives à la prévention de l'inflammation d’une atmosphère explosive de gaz, vapeurs, brouillards ou poussières inflammables, dus aux chariots de manutention du groupe d’appareil II et de la catégorie d’appareil 2G, 3G, 2D ou 3D.
NOTE 2   La relation entre une catégorie d’appareil (désignée ci-après par « catégorie ») et la zone correspondante (classification de zone) est illustrée à l’Annexe B
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre pas :
   les chariots du groupe d’appareil I ;
   les chariots du groupe d’appareil II, catégorie d’appareil 1 ;
   les chariots destinés à être utilisés en atmosphères explosibles constituées de mélanges hybrides ;
   les systèmes de protection.
La présente Norme européenne n’est pas s'applicable aux chariots destinés à être utilisés en atmosphères explosibles contenant du sulfure de carbone (CS2), du monoxyde de carbone (CO) et/ou de l'oxyde d'éthylène (C2H4O), en raison des propriétés spécifiques de ces gaz.
La présente norme est applicable aux chariots destinés à être utilisés dans les atmosphères ayant une plage de température ambiante de - 20 °C à + 40 °C, c'est-à-dire que, sauf indication contraire, les chariots fabriqués conformément à la présente Norme européenne satisferont à toutes les conditions de service dans cette plage de température.
NOTE 3   La plage de température ambiante de - 20 °C à + 40 °C correspond à la norme EN ISO 3691-1.

Varnost vozil za talni transport - Obratovanje v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah - Uporaba v območju vnetljivega plina, pare, megle in prahu

Ta evropski standard velja za industrijska vozila z lastnim pogonom ter ročno in napol ročno gnana vozila (v nadaljevanju pogosto imenovana »vozila«) za uporabo v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah, vključno z njihovimi napravami za delo z bremenom in odstranljivimi priključki.
Vilice, nakladalne platforme ali integrirani priključki se obravnavajo kot deli vozila. Priključki, nameščeni na nosilec bremena ali na vilice, ki jih lahko odstrani uporabnik, se ne obravnavajo kot del vozila
Ta evropski standard obravnava le preprečevanje vžiga eksplozivne atmosfere s strani industrijskih vozil in opisuje dodatne zahteve za vozila skupine opreme II in kategorije opreme 2G, 3G, 2D in 3D.
Razmerje med kategorijami opreme in ustreznimi območji je prikazano v dodatku B.
Ta standard ne pokriva vozil za kategorijo 1 in vozil, namenjenih za uporabo v eksplozivnih atmosferah s hibridnimi mešanicami.
Vsa vozila, namenjena za uporabo v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah v obsegu tega evropskega standarda, morajo ustrezati zahtevam, podanim v tem evropskem standardu. Kjer lahko pride do dodatnih nevarnosti, bo izvedena ocena nevarnosti vžiga po standardu EN 13463-1:2009, pri čemer bodo upoštevane te posebne okoliščine in dodatne zahteve v standardu EN 13463-1:2009 ter po potrebi spremenjene v določenih delih standarda EN 13463 za druge vrste zaščite.
Ta evropski standard pokriva tehnične zahteve, potrebne za izogibanje ali zmanjšanje večjih nevarnosti, opredeljenih v dodatku A, do katerih lahko pride med običajnim delovanjem, vzdrževanjem ali predvidljivo nepravilno uporabo (skladno s podatki, ki jih zagotovi proizvajalec) industrijskih vozil.
Ta evropski standard ne velja za vozila, namenjena za uporabo v nevarnih atmosferah z ogljikovim disulfidom (CS2), ogljikovim monoksidom (CO) in/ali etilenoksidom (C2H4O) zaradi posebnih lastnosti teh plinov.
Vozila z oznako IIB + H2 in/ali C2H2 (vodik in/ali acetilen) so primerna tudi za atmosfero IIA ali IIB.
Ta evropski standard velja za atmosfere z razponom temperature v prostoru med -20 in +40 °C, tj. vozila, izdelana v skladu s tem evropskim standardom, bodo ustrezala poljubnim servisnim pogojem znotraj tega razpona, razen če ni določeno drugače.
OPOMBA Razpon temperature prostora (od -20 do +40 °C) je skladen s standardom EN 3691-1.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 17-Nov-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Apr-2025
• ICS: 53.060 - Industrial trucks
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 150 - Industrial trucks - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 150/WG 13 - Potentially explosives atmospheres
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 10-Jan-2024
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 2014/34/EU - Directive 2014/34/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (recast)
• Directive: 94/9/EC - Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/92/46 - Standardization mandate assigned to CEN/CENELEC concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1755:2016 - Safety of industrial trucks - Operation in potentially explosive atmospheres - Use in flammable gas, vapour, mist and dust

Relations

• Replaces: EN 1755:2000+A2:2013 - Safety of industrial trucks - Operation in potentially explosive atmospheres - Use in flammable gas, vapour, mist and dust
• Effective Date: 17-Apr-2013
• Replaced By: EN 1755:2024 - Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Supplementary requirements for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2023
• Revised: EN 1755:2000+A1:2009 - Safety of industrial trucks - Operation in potentially explosive atmospheres - Use in flammable gas, vapour, mist and dust
• Effective Date: 14-Dec-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1755:2001+A2:2013
9DUQRVWYR]LO]DWDOQLWUDQVSRUW2EUDWRYDQMHYSRWHQFLDOQRHNVSOR]LYQLK
DWPRVIHUDK8SRUDEDYREPRþMXYQHWOMLYHJDSOLQDSDUHPHJOHLQSUDKX
Safety of industrial trucks - Operation in potentially explosive atmospheres - Use in
flammable gas, vapour, mist and dust
Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen -
Verwendung in Bereichen mit brennbaren Gasen, Dämpfen, Nebeln oder Stäuben
Sécurité des chariots de manutention - Fonctionnement en atmosphères explosibles -
Utilisation dans des atmosphères inflammables dues à la présence de gaz, de vapeurs,
brouillards ou poussières inflammables
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1755:2015
ICS:
13.230 Varstvo pred eksplozijo Explosion protection
53.060 Industrijski tovornjaki Industrial trucks
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 1755
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.060 Supersedes EN 1755:2000+A2:2013
English Version
Industrial Trucks - Safety requirements and verification -
Supplementary requirements for operation in potentially
explosive atmospheres
Chariots de manutention - Prescriptions de sécurité et Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Einsatz in
vérification - Prescriptions supplémentaires pour le explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen - Verwendung in
fonctionnement en atmosphères explosibles Bereichen mit brennbaren Gasen, Dämpfen, Nebeln
oder Stäuben
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1755:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Hot surfaces . 12
4.3 Safety shutdown . 13
4.4 Mechanically generated sparks . 13
4.5 Electrical system . 14
4.6 Internal combustion engines . 17
4.7 Electrostatic risks . 17
4.8 Requirements for brakes, clutches and couplings . 21
4.9 Requirements for pneumatic systems . 23
4.10 Category 3G trucks equipped with restricted breathing enclosures “nR” and gas
detection systems . 23
4.11 Flammability of non-metallic materials . 25
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 26
5.1 Determination of the maximum surface temperatures . 26
5.2 Measurement of circuit resistance and capacitance . 30
6 Information for use . 32
6.1 General . 32
6.2 Instruction handbook . 32
6.3 Marking . 34
6.4 Warning labels . 35
Annex A (normative) List of significant hazards . 36
Annex B (informative) Relationship between zones (area classification) and truck categories . 37
Annex C (informative) Typical example of cladding of load handling devices . 38
Annex D (informative) Typical examples of non-conductive surface areas according to 4.7.3.1 39
Annex E (normative) Requirements for transmission belts in accordance with ISO 9563 or
ISO 1813. 42
Annex F (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and the previous
edition of this European Standard . 43
Annex G (informative) Warning labels for trucks with restricted breathing enclosure(s) . 47
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC . 48
Bibliography . 51

European foreword
This document (EN 1755:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 150 “Industrial
Trucks - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by November 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 1755:2000+A2:2013.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
Informative Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this document and the
previous edition: EN 1755:2000+A2:2013.
This document is one of a series of European Standards for the safety of industrial trucks which are listed
in 4.1 and in the Bibliography.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This standard is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are
covered, are indicated in the scope of this standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards,
the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built in accordance with the provisions of this type C standard.
This standard (EN 1755:2015) covers safety requirements and their verification for industrial trucks as
defined in ISO 5053-1 that are not covered exhaustively by:
— EN 1459;
— EN 1526;
— EN 1757-3;
— EN ISO 3691-1;
— EN ISO 3691-5;
— EN ISO 3691-6;
NOTE The above-mentioned standards are listed in the Bibliography or in Clause 2.
Assessment of hazards
The industrial truck needs to be designed in such a way that it is fit for its purpose or function and can be
adjusted and maintained without putting persons at risk when used under the conditions foreseen (e.g.
explosive atmospheres) by the manufacturer.
In order to properly design an industrial truck and to cover all specific safety requirements, the
manufacturer will have to identify the hazards that apply to the industrial truck and carry out a risk
assessment. The manufacturer will then need to design and construct the industrial truck taking this
assessment into account.
The aim of this procedure is to eliminate the risk of accidents throughout the foreseeable lifetime of the
machinery, including the phases of assembling and dismantling where risks of accidents could also arise
from foreseeable abnormal situations.
In selecting the most appropriate methods, the manufacturer will need to apply the following principles, in
the order given here:
— eliminate or reduce risks as far as possible by design (inherently safe machinery design and
construction);
— take the necessary protective measures in relation to risks that cannot be eliminated by design;
— inform users of any shortcoming of the protective measures adopted;
— indicate whether any particular training is required;
— specify any need to provide personal protection equipment;
— refer to the appropriate user's document for proper operating instructions.
Industrial trucks need to be designed to prevent foreseeable misuse wherever possible, if such would
engender risk. In other cases, the instructions will need to draw the user's attention to ways shown by
experience in which the machinery ought not to be used.
This standard (EN 1755:2015) does not repeat all the technical rules which are state-of-the art and which
are applicable to the material used to construct the industrial truck. Reference will also need to be made to
EN ISO 12100.
1 Scope
This European Standard applies to self-propelled and pedestrian propelled manual and semi-manual
industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1 including their load handling devices and attachments (hereafter
referred to as trucks) intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.
NOTE 1 Attachments mounted on the load carrier or on fork arms which are removable by the user are not
considered to be a part of the truck.
This European Standard specifies supplementary technical requirements for the prevention of the ignition
of an explosive atmosphere of flammable gases, vapours, mists or dusts by industrial trucks of equipment
group II and equipment category 2G, 3G, 2D or 3D.
NOTE 2 The relationship between an equipment category (hereafter referred to as category) and the
corresponding zone (area classification) is shown in informative Annex B.
This European Standard does not include:
— trucks of equipment group I;
— trucks of equipment group II, equipment category 1;
— trucks intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres with hybrid mixtures;
— protective systems.
This European Standard is not applicable to trucks intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
of carbon disulphide (CS ), carbon monoxide (CO) and/or ethylene oxide (C H O) due to the special
2 2 4
properties of these gases.
This standard is applicable to trucks intended for use in atmospheres with an ambient temperature range
of - 20 °C to +40 °C, i.e. trucks built in accordance with this European Standard will be satisfactory to any
service conditions within this range unless otherwise specified.
NOTE 3 The ambient temperature range -20 °C to +40 °C is in line with EN ISO 3691-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1127-1:2011, Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology
EN 1149-5, Protective clothing - Electrostatic properties - Part 5: Material performance and design
requirements
EN 1175-1:1998+A1:2010, Safety of industrial trucks - Electrical requirements - Part 1: General
requirements for battery powered trucks
EN 1175-2, Safety of industrial trucks ― Part 2: Electrical requirements for internal combustion engine
powered trucks
EN 1175-3, Safety of industrial trucks ― Part 3: Electrical requirements for the electric power transmission
systems of internal combustion engine powered trucks
EN 1459, Safety of industrial trucks ― Self-propelled variable reach trucks
EN 1525, Safety of industrial trucks - Driverless trucks and their systems
EN 1757-3, Safety of industrial trucks - Pedestrian controlled manual and semi-manual trucks - Part 3:
Platform trucks
EN 1834-1:2000, Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Safety requirements for design and
construction of engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Group II engines for use in
flammable gas and vapour atmospheres
EN 1834-3, Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Safety requirements for design and construction of
engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 3: Group II engines for use in flammable dust
atmospheres
EN 13463-1:2009, Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Basic
method and requirements
EN 13463-3, Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 3: Protection by
flameproof enclosure 'd'
EN 13463-5:2011, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 5:
Protection by constructional safety 'c'
EN 13463-8, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 8: Protection by liquid
immersion 'k'
EN 14986, Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres
EN 50271, Electrical apparatus for the detection and measurement of combustible gases, toxic gases or
oxygen - Requirements and tests for apparatus using software and/or digital technologies
EN 60079-0:2012, Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements ( IEC 60079-0:2011,
modified)
EN 60079-7, Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e" (IEC 60079-7)
EN 60079-14:2014, Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and erection
(IEC 60079-14:2012)
EN 60079-15:2010, Explosive atmospheres - Part 15: Equipment protection by type of protection "n" (IEC
60079 15:2010)
EN 60079-17, Explosive atmospheres ― Part 17: Electrical installations inspection and maintenance
(IEC 60079-17)
EN 60079-29-1:2007, Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-1: Gas detectors - Performance requirements of
detectors for flammable gases (IEC 60079-29-1:2007)
EN 60079-29-2, Explosive atmospheres ― Part 29-2: Gas detectors ― Selection, installation, use and
maintenance of detectors for flammable gases and oxygen (IEC 60079-29-2)
EN 60079-31, Explosive atmospheres ― Equipment dust ignition protection by enclosure "t" (IEC 60079-31)
CLC/TR 60079-32-1, Explosive atmospheres - Part 32-1: Electrostatic hazards, guidance
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61508-1, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part
1: General requirements (IEC 61508-1)
EN 61508-6, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems - Part
6: Guidelines on the application of IEC 61508-2 and IEC 61508-3 (IEC 61508-6)
EN ISO 3691-1, Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Self-propelled industrial
trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks (ISO 3691-1:2011)
EN ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for
design (ISO 13849-1)
EN ISO 20344, Personal protective equipment - Test methods for footwear (ISO 20344)
ISO 284, Conveyor belts — Electrical conductivity — Specification and test method
ISO 1813, Belt drives — V-ribbed belts, joined V-belts and V-belts including wide section belts and hexagonal
belts — Electrical conductivity of antistatic belts: Characteristics and methods of test
ISO 9563, Belt drives — Electrical conductivity of antistatic endless synchronous belts — Characteristics and
test method
ISO 15870, Powered industrial trucks — Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
explosive atmosphere
mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable substances in the form of gases, vapours,
mists or dusts in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.28]
3.2
potentially explosive atmosphere
atmosphere which could become explosive due to local and operational conditions
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.28.2]
3.3
hybrid mixture
mixture of flammable substances with air in different physical states
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.40]
3.4
auto ignition temperature
lowest temperature (of a hot surface) at which under specified test conditions an ignition of a flammable
gas or flammable vapour in mixture with air or air/inert gas occurs
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.45]
3.5
minimum ignition temperature of a dust cloud
lowest temperature of a hot surface on which the most ignitable mixture of the dust with air is ignited
under specified test conditions
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.45.1]
3.6
minimum ignition temperature of a dust layer
lowest temperature of a hot surface at which ignition occurs in a dust layer under specified test conditions
[SOURCE: EN 13237:2012, 3.45.2]
3.7
service temperature
maximum or minimum temperature reached at specific points of the equipment when the equipment is
operating at rated conditions, including ambient temperature and any external sources of heating or
cooling
[SOURCE: EN 60079-0:2012, 3.50]
Note 1 to entry: Each equipment may reach different service temperatures in different parts.
Note 2 to entry: This definition applies to both electrical and non-electrical equipment and components.
3.8
maximum surface temperature
temperature used for marking of the equipment which is the highest temperature that can be attained in
service under the most adverse operating conditions (but within the recognized tolerance) by any part or
surface of equipment or protective system or component which can produce an ignition of the surrounding
explosive atmosphere with an appropriate safety margin
[SOURCE: EN 13463-1:2009, 3.9]
Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer will prescribe the product standard and also in his particular design he should
take into account the following other conditions:
a) fault conditions specified in the standard for the type of protection concerned;
b) all operating conditions specified in any other standard specified by him including recognized overloads; any
other operating condition specified by him.
Note 2 to entry: The relevant surface temperature may be internal or external depending upon the type of
protection concerned.
Note 3 to entry: For equipment intended for use in explosive dust atmospheres, the surface temperature is
determined without any deposited dust on the equipment. See EN 13463-1:2009, 6.2.3.
3.9
wheel
circular structure able to rotate on an axle, either directly or with the use of bearing(s), with the external
part in contact with the ground
[SOURCE: ISO 22877:2004, 1.1.1]
3.10
castor
assembly comprising a housing, one or more wheels, an axle and, if required, accessories
[SOURCE: ISO 22877:2004, 3.1]
3.11
tyre
outer part of a wheel, produced from different material from the wheel centre
[SOURCE: ISO 22877:2004, 1.1.6]
3.12
service brake
brake system allowing the operator to control, directly or indirectly, the speed of the truck or to bring the
truck to a halt
EXAMPLE The brake can be electrical, hydraulic or mechanical or a combination of the three.
[SOURCE: ISO 6292:2008, 3.12, modified: "braking system" replaced with "brake", addition of an example]
3.13
restricted breathing enclosure “nR”
enclosure that is designed to restrict the entry of gases, vapours and mists
[SOURCE: EN 60079-15:2010, 3.7.3]
3.14
safety function
function to be implemented by a safety device, which is intended to achieve or maintain a safe state for the
equipment under control (EUC), in respect of ignition hazards
Note 1 to entry: See EN 50495 for the definitions of “safety device”, “safe state” and “equipment under control”.
[SOURCE: EN 50495:2010, 3.7, modified, addition of Note 1 to entry]
3.15
safety shutdown
shutdown of a truck or a piece of equipment activated by a safety function to prevent potential ignition
sources from becoming effective
3.16
normal operation
situation when the equipment, protective systems, and components are operating for their intended use
within their design parameters
[SOURCE: EN 13463-1:2009, 3.7]
3.17
malfunction
equipment, protective systems and components do not perform the intended function
[SOURCE: EN 13463-1:2009, 3.8]
3.18
expected malfunction
disturbances or equipment faults which are known to occur in practice
[SOURCE: EN 13463-1:2009, 3.8.1]
3.19
rare malfunction
type of malfunction which may happen only in rare instances
[SOURCE: EN 13463-1:2009, 3.8.2]
3.20
earthing strap
strap made of conductive or dissipative material strong enough to withstand mechanical and chemical
influences and installed to achieve potential equalization between truck chassis and the floor/ground
3.21
controlled stop
condition in which the truck is in a safe stationary state
3.22
highly efficient electrostatic charge generating mechanism
process that generates a higher rate of electrostatic charge than simple operations
Note 1 to entry: For more information, see EN 13463-1:2009, 6.7.3.
EXAMPLE 1 Rubbing, cleaning with a dry cloth, raising from a seat, walking, wiping of clothes are examples of
simple operations.
EXAMPLE 2 The flow of insulating liquids or powders, high voltage spray charging, running of transmission belts
are examples of highly efficient electrostatic charge generating mechanisms.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
Trucks for use in potentially explosive atmospheres shall comply with the additional requirements given in
4.1 up to and including 4.11.
Where the additional hazards specified in normative Annex A could occur, an ignition hazard assessment
in accordance with EN 1127-1 and EN 13463-1 shall be carried out, taking into consideration these
hazards and the additional requirements contained in EN 13463-1 and if relevant supplemented by the
specific parts of EN 13463 for other types of protection.
Trucks of Group II shall be subdivided according to the explosive gas atmosphere for which they are
intended. See EN 60079-0:2012, 4.2.
Group II subdivisions:
a) IIA;
b) IIB;
c) IIB + H
2;
d) IIB + C H ;
2 2
e) IIB + H + C H .
2 2 2
NOTE 1 Trucks marked IIB are also suitable for IIA applications.
NOTE 2 Trucks marked IIB+H , IIB+C H or IIB+H +C H are also suitable for IIA or IIB applications.
2 2 2 2 2 2
NOTE 3 Trucks equipped with a gas detection system are specifically marked in accordance with 6.3.3 e).
NOTE 4 H is the chemical formula for hydrogen and C H for acetylene.
2 2 2
Trucks of Group III shall be subdivided according to the explosive dust atmosphere for which they are
intended. See EN 60079-0:2012, 4.3.
Group III subdivisions:
f) IIIA: combustible flyings;
g) IIIB: non-conductive dusts;
h) IIIC: conductive dusts.
Equipment shall be selected taking into consideration any service temperatures measured during the
temperature tests described in 5.1.
4.2 Hot surfaces
4.2.1 General
For category 3G and 2G trucks the maximum surface temperature of any part of the truck shall not exceed
the temperature class or maximum surface temperature defined on the truck marking plate.
For category 3D and 2D trucks the maximum surface temperature of any part of the truck which can come
into contact with dust clouds or dust layers shall not exceed the maximum surface temperature defined on
the truck marking plate.
Maximum surface temperatures shall be determined in accordance with 5.1.
Reduction of surface temperatures by means of thermal insulation is not permitted.
NOTE 1 The relationship between the maximum surface temperature of the equipment and the minimum ignition
temperature of dust layers and dust clouds is given in EN 1127-1:2011, 6.4.2 and EN 60079-14, 5.6.3.3.
NOTE 2 The possible insulation effects of a dust layer on the surface temperatures are taken into account by the
safety margin to the minimum ignition temperature of a dust layer specified in EN 1127-1:2011, 6.4. and EN 60079-
14, 5.6.3.3.
4.2.2 Temperature monitoring
Surface temperatures may be limited by the use of a temperature monitoring and control system which
provides a safety shutdown in accordance with 4.3 if limiting values are exceeded.
For both category 3 and category 2 trucks, the electrical temperature monitoring and control system shall
fulfil the performance level PL =c in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1 or SIL 1 in accordance with
r
EN 61508-1.
4.2.3 Temperature classification
Trucks shall be classified:
a) with a temperature class in accordance with Table 1 for category 3G or 2G,
or
b) by the maximum surface temperature for category 3G, 2G, 3D or 2D.
Table 1 — Classification of maximum surface temperatures for trucks of category 3G or 2G
Maximum surface
Temperature Class
temperature (°C)
T1 450
T2 300
T3 200
T4 135
T5 100
T6 85
4.3 Safety shutdown
The requirements of this subclause apply to the following safety (monitoring) functions:
a) hot surfaces in accordance with 4.2;
b) concentration of the flammable gas in the atmosphere surrounding the truck in accordance with
4.10.2.5;
c) insulation monitoring in accordance with 4.5.4.
A safety shutdown shall be clearly indicated by a visual alarm prior to the effective shutdown of the truck
to enable the operator to bring the truck safely to a controlled stop. It is permitted to have a time delay
between the alarm and shutdown up to a maximum of 30 s. During this time interval the critical operating
functions of the truck shall be available.
The requirements of 4.2.1, 4.10.2.5 and 4.5.4 shall not be compromised during the time delay and/or after
shutdown.
EXAMPLE Exceeding of the maximum surface temperature after shutdown due to heat soak is an example of
compromising safety.
Reset of a safety monitoring function by the operator is not permitted except for shutdown caused by over
temperature.
NOTE Additional organizational measures including plant safety procedures can be included in the safety
shutdown reset procedure.
4.4 Mechanically generated sparks
4.4.1 Load handling devices
All surfaces of load handling devices which have or may have ground or load frictional contact shall be clad
with copper, copper zinc, zinc, or non-metallic material for example rubber, thermoplastic fluoropolymer
or plastic.
Alternatively in the case of combustible gas/air-mixtures of Group IIA and IIB and for combustible
dust/air-mixtures, load handling devices made of stainless steel or load handling devices clad with
stainless steel are permitted. Stainless steel shall have a mass percentage of at least 16,5 % chromium.
Cladded load handling devices shall have provisions to inspect for wear.
Forks shall be cladded in such a way that inspection for hair cracks on critical locations shall always be
possible.
An example of how to clad load handling devices is given in Annex C.
4.4.2 Fans
4.4.2.1 Fans of electrical equipment
Fans being an integral part of electrical equipment shall comply with EN 60079-0 and the applicable
standards for the specific type of equipment.
4.4.2.2 Radiator fans on IC-engines
Taking into account design tolerances, clearances between rotating parts and fixed parts shall be at least
1/100 of the maximum diameter of the rotating part, except that the clearances need not exceed 5 mm and
may be reduced to 1 mm if the opposing parts are manufactured so as to have dimensional accuracy and
stability. In no case shall the clearances be less than 1 mm.
The truck chassis shall provide adequate protection against the ingress of foreign bodies that could give
rise to incendive sparking.
Exposed rotating parts shall be protected at least to a degree of IP 20. See EN 60529:1991, 5.2.
4.4.2.3 Other fans
Other fans shall comply with EN 14986.
4.4.3 Other rotating parts
Seals shall fulfil the requirements of EN 13463-5:2011, 4.4.
Bearings shall fulfil the requirements of EN 13463-5:2011, Clause 6.
Clearances between non-lubricated moving and fixed parts shall be dimensioned to prevent frictional
contact causing ignition capable hot surfaces and/or mechanical sparks.
Moving parts needing lubrication shall comply with the requirements of EN 13463-5:2011, 5.3.
In addition for category 2G and 2D trucks, rotating parts or other moving parts made of light metal alloys
which are subjected to friction or impact, the material compositions shall be in accordance with EN 13463-
1:2009, 6.4.4.2 or the parts shall be designed in such a manner to prevent ignition capable sparks during
expected malfunction.
4.5 Electrical system
4.5.1 General
The electrical system shall comply with the relevant requirements of:
a) EN 1175-1 for battery powered trucks;
b) EN 1175-2 for internal combustion engine powered trucks;
c) EN 1175-3 for electrical power transmission systems on internal combustion engine powered trucks.
With respect to explosion protection, the electrical system shall comply with the relevant requirements of
EN 60079-14.
For reciprocating internal combustion engines, the electrical system shall comply with:
d) EN 1834-1 for category 3G and 2G,
or
e) EN 1834-3 for category 3D and 2D.
NOTE 1 EN 60079-14 applies to all electrical equipment and installations in hazardous areas whether permanent,
temporary, portable, transportable or hand-held. It does not specifically apply to self-propelled trucks (mobile
equipment) but the safety level ensured by this standard can be applied to trucks accordingly. The same applies to
EN 60079-29-2.
NOTE 2 IT type of system earthing does not apply to trucks.
Gas detection systems shall comply with EN 60079-29-1 and EN 60079-29-2. See 4.10.
4.5.2 Electrical equipment
4.5.2.1 General
Electrical equipment shall at least meet the equipment category of the truck in accordance with
EN 60079-0:2012, Annex ZY.
4.5.2.2 Electrical equipment for category 3G trucks
Electrical equipment for category 3G trucks shall provide at least an EPL Gc/category 3G level of
protection in accordance with EN 60079-0 and EN 60079-15, taking into consideration the specific
application of the equipment in the truck including possible frequent temperature cycles. The electrical
equipment shall be clearly identified by a durable marking to show the level of protection and/or the type
of protection.
NOTE 1 An example of a truck specific application is a junction box installed within the truck counterweight. It can
be assessed that in this specific application for example the requirements regarding protection against impact
(EN 60079-0:2012, 6.2) are fulfilled.
NOTE 2 In truck applications, for example motors, motor power controllers and luminaires using strobe lights are
considered to have frequent temperature cycles as defined in EN 60079-15.
For the application of restricted breathing enclosures “nR” (see 4.10) containing:
a) normally arcing or sparking devices, and/or
b) equipment with hot surfaces where the temperature measured on the outside of the enclosure exceeds
the external ambient temperature by more than 20 K measured in accordance with 5.1,
and
c) with the maximum internal surface temperature less than the marked temperature class or the
maximum surface temperature in accordance with 4.2.3,
the pressure drop test of EN 60079-15:2010, 22.6 shall be replaced with the following requirements:
1. the truck shall be equipped with a gas detection system in accordance with 4.10.2 and gas sensors in
accordance with 4.10.3,
and
2. restricted breathing enclosures shall comply with the requirements of 4.10.4.
The use of restricted breathing enclosures is not permitted if the enclosure contains normally arcing or
sparking devices and the temperature difference between the outside of the enclosures and the ambient is
more than 20 K measured in accordance with 5.1 and the maximum internal surface temperature is more
than the marked temperature class or the maximum surface temperature in accordance with 4.2.3.
4.5.2.3 Electrical equipment for category 2G trucks
Electrical equipment for category 2G trucks shall comply with one of the specific types of protection listed
in EN 60079-0:2012, Clause 1, providing at least an EPL Gb/category 2G level of protection.
4.5.2.4 Electrical equipment for category 3D and 2D trucks
Electrical equipment for category 3D trucks shall provide at least an EPL Dc/category 3D level of
protection in accordance with EN 60079-0 and EN 60079-31, taking into consideration the specific
application of the equipment in the truck. The electrical equipment shall be clearly identified by a durable
label to show the level of protection and/or the type of protection.
NOTE An example of a truck specific application is a junction box installed within the truck counterweight. It can
be assessed that in this specific application for example the requirements regarding protection against impact
(EN 60079-0:2012, 6.2) are fulfilled.
Electrical equipment for category 2D trucks shall comply with one of the specific types of protection listed
in EN 60079-0:2012, Clause 1, providing at least an EPL Db/category 2D level of protection.
4.5.3 Electrical system bipolarity
The electrical system shall be bipolar where both poles are insulated from the truck chassis except for:
a) intrinsically safe circuits;
b) insulation monitoring devices;
c) internal combustion engine glow plugs or other electrical start aid equipment;
d) electrical circuits for glow plugs and other start aid equipment on category 2G and 2D trucks which
use the internal combustion engine cylinder block as part of the earth return circuit for the period
during which the start aid equipment is in operation. If the start aid equipment is not in operation both
the positive and negative connections shall be isolated from the power supply in accordance with
EN 1834-1:2000, 5.12.
4.5.4 Insulation monitoring
On category 2G and 2D trucks a device shall be provided to monitor the insulation resistance between the
electrical system live parts and the truck chassis. If the insulation resistance is less than 500 Ω this shall be
indicated by a visual alarm followed by the automatic safety shutdown of the truck in accordance with 4.3.
It shall not be possible to restart the truck after an automatic or manual shutdown following an insulation
fault, unless the insulation fault has been repaired.
The insulation monitoring device shall fulfil the requirements of performance level PL =c in accordance
r
with EN ISO 13849-1 or SIL 1 in accordance with EN 61508-1.
4.5.5 Battery and battery connectors
Battery and battery connectors shall at least meet the category of the truck. See 4.5.2.
Batteries used in trucks are subjected to mechanical shock and vibration in normal operation. This
consideration shall be applied when testing batteries in accordance with the requirements of EN 60079-0
and the specific type of protection listed in EN 60079-0:2012, Clause 1.
The battery shall be installed in the truck in such a way that the minimum ventilation for the battery
compartment is in accordance with EN 1175-1:1998+A1:2010, 5.1.1.4.
NOTE Further information can be found in EN 50272-3.
4.6 Internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines shall comply with the relevant requirements of:
a) EN 1834-1 for category 3G or 2G,
or
b) EN 1834-3 for category 3D or 2D.
NOTE EN 1834-1 and EN 1834-3 include internal combustion engine specific ignition sources, e.g. flames, hot
gases (including hot particles) electrical systems and adiabatic compression.
4.7 Electrostatic risks
4.7.1 Bonding
4.7.1.1 General
All conductive and dissipative parts shall be bonded to the truck chassis in order to reach potential
equalization.
NOTE 1 Conductive parts are, for example, metal parts or conductive plastic materials with a surface resistance up
4 4 9
to 10 Ω. Dissipative parts are for example plastic materials with a surface resistance between 10 Ω and 10 Ω
measured at 50 % relative humidity or 10 Ω measured at 30 % relative humidity with a test voltage of at least 500 V
± 5 %.
Separate bonding conductors are not required if metal parts are in good conductive contact with the
chassis and are adequately secured against loosening. This requirement also applies to components that
are attached to the truck.
EXAMPLE Equipment attached to the truck could be lights, weighing equipment, attachments, side shifters,
barrel clamps.
The bonding resistance shall not exceed 10 Ω and shall be measured in accordance with 5.2.1.
NOTE 2 Further information is given in CLC/TR 60079-32-1.
4.7.1.2 Insulated metal parts
Requirements for bonding do not apply to insulated metal parts with the maximum allowable capacitance
as shown below, provided highly efficient electrostatic charge generating mechanisms do not occur:
a) Group IIA: 10 pF(2G and 3G trucks);
b) Group IIB: 6 pF (2G trucks) or 10 pF (3G trucks);
c) Group IIB + H or IIB + C H or IIB + H + C H : 3 pF (2G trucks) or 6 pF (3G trucks);
2 2 2 2 2 2
d) Group III: 10 pF (2D and 3D trucks).
If highly efficient electrostatic charge generating mechanisms occur or the capacitance of insulated metal
parts exceeds the values defined above these parts shall be bonded to the chassis.
NOTE 1 Insulated metal parts behave as capacitors which can be easily charged if they are subjected to highly
efficient electrostatic charge generating mechanisms; for example the flow of hydraulic fluids. Even small insulated
metal parts can have a considerable capacitance depending on their truck specific application.
Capacitance shall be measured in accordance with 5.2.2.
Insulated bolts and nuts up to the dimension of M6 or similarly sized metal parts need not be considered.
NOTE 2 Further information is given in CLC/TR 60079-32-1.
4.7.2 Circuit resistance
The circuit resistance between the truck chassis and the floor/ground shall not exceed 10 Ω when
measured in accordance with 5.2.1 in at least 2 positions. This can be achieved by the application of at least
two electrically conductive wheels or at least two earthing straps or a combination of a single electrically
conductive wheel and a single earthing strap.
NOTE 1 Further information regarding conductivity of materials is given in CLC/TR 60079-32-1.
Earthing straps shall be fitted to the truck chassis at the largest practical distance between each other to
ensure a permanent grounding.
NOTE 2 In normal operation wheels and earthing straps can be contaminated causing loss of conductivity. A
practical solution is to fit more than only two electrically conductive wheels or earthing straps or to combine the
application of wheels and earthing straps.
The quantity and location of conductive wheels or eart
...