EN 4856:2018
(Main)Rotorcraft - Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) - Requirements, testing and marking
Rotorcraft - Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) - Requirements, testing and marking
This document specifies requirements for Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) for use by helicopter crew and passengers in the event of a ditching or water impact, to ensure minimum levels of performance. It applies to EBS for use by adults only.
Two categories of EBS are addressed by this standard; Category A EBS capable of being successfully deployed in air and underwater and Category B EBS capable of being successfully deployed in air but not underwater.
This document is applicable to compressed air, rebreather and hybrid rebreather designs of EBS.
Drehflügler - Notfallbeatmungssystem (EBS) - Anforderungen, Prüfung und Kennzeichnung
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an Notfallbeatmungssysteme (EBS) fest, die von der Hubschrauberbesatzung und Passagieren im Falle einer Notwasserung oder dem Aufprall auf Wasser verwendet werden, um Mindestniveaus für die Leistung sicherzustellen. Es gilt für EBS nur die Verwendung durch Erwachsene.
Diese Norm befasst sich mit zwei Kategorien von EBS; EBS der Kategorie A, die erfolgreich in der Luft und unter Wasser eingesetzt werden können, und EBS der Kategorie B, die erfolgreich in der Luft, aber nicht unter Wasser eingesetzt werden können.
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar für Druckluft , Kreislaufatemgerät und hybride Kreislaufatemgerät-Auslegungen von EBS.
Giravion - Système de ventilation d'urgence (EBS) - Exigences, essais et marquage
Le présent document spécifie les exigences relatives aux systèmes de ventilation d'urgence (EBS) destinés à être utilisés par l'équipage et par les passagers des hélicoptères en cas d'amerrissage forcé ou d'impact avec un plan d'eau, afin de garantir des niveaux minimaux de performance. Elle s'applique uniquement aux EBS destinés à être utilisés par des adultes.
La présente norme couvre deux catégories d'EBS : l'EBS de catégorie A pouvant être correctement déployé à l’air libre et sous l'eau, et l'EBS de catégorie B pouvant être correctement déployé à l'air libre mais pas sous l'eau.
Le présent document s'applique aux modèles d'EBS à masque à recirculation et à masque à recirculation hybride, tous deux à air comprimé.
Rotoplani - Sistem prezračevanja v sili (EBS) - Zahteve, preskušanje in označevanje
Ta tehnični dokument določa zahteve za sisteme prezračevanja v sili (EBS), ki jih uporabljajo helikopterske posadke in potniki v primeru pristanka v sili ali vdora vode, da se zagotovi minimalna raven zahtevanih lastnosti. Velja samo za sisteme prezračevanja v sili (EBS), ki jih uporabljajo odrasli.
Ta standard obravnava dve kategoriji sistemov za prezračevanje v sili; EBS kategorije A, ki se lahko uspešno uvede pod vodo, in EBS kategorije B, ki se lahko uspešno uvede v zraku, ne pa pod vodo.
Ta tehnični dokument se uporablja za modele EBS dihalnih aparatov na stisnjen zrak, z zaprtim krogom in hibridne dihalne aparate z zaprtim krogom.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2019
5RWRSODQL6LVWHPSUH]UDþHYDQMDYVLOL (%6 =DKWHYHSUHVNXãDQMHLQ
R]QDþHYDQMH
Rotorcraft - Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) - Requirements, testing and marking
Rotorkraft - Notfallbeatmungssystem (EBS) - Anforderungen, Prüfung und
Kennzeichnung
Giravion - Système de ventilation d'urgence (EBS) - Exigences, essais et marquage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 4856:2018
ICS:
49.095 Oprema za potnike in Passenger and cabin
oprema kabin equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 4856
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.095
English Version
Rotorcraft - Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) -
Requirements, testing and marking
Giravion - Système de ventilation d'urgence (EBS) - Rotorkraft - Notfallbeatmungssystem (EBS) -
Exigences, essais et marquage Anforderungen, Prüfung und Kennzeichnung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 July 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 4856:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents
Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Classification . 8
5 Performance requirements . 10
6 Testing . 15
7 Marking . 27
8 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 28
(normative) Rating of breathing effort . 29
European foreword
This document (EN 4856:2018) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries
Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document prescribes the minimum standards of design and performance for rotorcraft emergency
breathing systems (EBS), used to reduce the risks of drowning in the event of submersion. An
emergency breathing system is a form of personal protective equipment that provides the user with a
means to breathe underwater, thereby improving the probability of successfully escaping from a
submerged rotorcraft cabin. If used correctly, EBS should mitigate the risk of drowning.
This document aims to ensure that the equipment user is able to carry out the necessary emergency
procedures whilst being provided with an appropriate level of protection under foreseeable conditions
of use. It also aims to ensure that the equipment presents a minimal hazard in relation to escape from
the rotorcraft, and that the equipment has no detrimental effect on the health and safety of the user or
on the performance of other equipment.
This document is applicable to all rotorcraft. Rotorcraft include helicopters, tilt rotor/wing and
gyroplanes. For the purpose of this standard the term helicopter is used generically hereinafter.
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) for use by helicopter
crew and passengers in the event of a ditching or water impact, to ensure minimum levels of
performance. It applies to EBS for use by adults only.
Two categories of EBS are addressed by this standard; Category A EBS capable of being successfully
deployed in air and underwater and Category B EBS capable of being successfully deployed in air but
not underwater.
This document is applicable to compressed air, rebreather and hybrid rebreather designs of EBS.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
International standards
EN 250, Respiratory equipment — Open-circuit self-contained compressed air diving apparatus —
Requirements, testing and marking
EN 12021, Respiratory equipment — Compressed gases for breathing apparatus
EN 14143:2013, Respiratory equipment — Self-contained re-breathing diving apparatus
EN ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests (ISO 9227)
EN ISO 12894, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Medical supervision of individuals exposed to
extreme hot or cold environments (ISO 12894)
EASA publications
EASA, Certification Specifications and Acceptable Means of Compliance for Large Aeroplanes CS-25,
Book 1 — Appendix F
EASA, ETSO-2C502, Helicopter crew and passenger integrated immersion suits
EASA, ETSO-2C503, Helicopter crew and passenger immersion suits for operations to or from helidecks
located in a hostile sea area
EASA, ETSO-2C504, Helicopter constant-wear lifejackets for operations to or from helidecks located in a
hostile sea area
NOTE In the near future it is anticipated that ETSO-2C502, ETSO-2C503 and ETSO-2C504 will be revised and
that the revised documents will make reference to two new standards: prEN/EN 4862 Rotorcraft — Constant
Wear Lifejackets — Requirements, testing and marking and prEN/EN 4863 Rotorcraft — Immersion Suits —
Requirements, testing and marking. It is intended that when these new documents are published they should be
used in place of the ETSO documents currently referenced.
Other publications
World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki — Ethical principles for medical research involving
human subjects (as amended): URL https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-
ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
Emergency Breathing System
EBS
system that allows a person to breathe underwater, overcoming the need to breath-hold for the
complete duration of an underwater escape from a helicopter, that can be deployed under emergency
conditions
3.2
rotorcraft
heavier-than-air aircraft that depends principally for its support in flight on the lift generated by one or
more rotors
3.3
helicopter
rotorcraft that, for its horizontal motion, depends principally on its engine-driven rotors
3.4
ditching
controlled emergency landing on water, deliberately executed in accordance with Rotorcraft Flight
Manual procedures, with the intent of abandoning the rotorcraft as soon as practical
3.5
water impact
helicopter contact with water that is unintentional or exceeds the ditching capability of the helicopter
for water entry
3.6
mouthpiece
device that goes into the mouth of the user, usually held by the teeth, sealing against the lips and
through which a breathable gas is inhaled and exhaled
3.7
nose occlusion system
means of preventing water from entering the nose
Note 1 to entry: A nose clip is one example of a nose occlusion system.
3.8
demand regulator
device which consists of a pressure reducer connected to a demand valve
3.9
medium pressure hose
hose with an interface connection at each end, between the pressure reducer and a demand valve
3.10
breathing hose
flexible hose connecting a counterlung to the mouthpiece of a rebreather EBS, at approximately ambient
pressure
3.11
pressure indicator
device to indicate to the user the pressure of gas in a cylinder
3.12
purging device
part of the demand regulator that can be operated manually to deliver breathable gas, intended to force
water out of the mouthpiece
3.13
dead space
volume of the cavity formed between the mouth and the inhalation and exhalation parts
3.14
activation device
mechanism which switches breathing from the atmosphere to the counterlung of a rebreather EBS
3.15
counterlung
variable volume container for the user to exhale to and inhale from
3.16
breathable gas
gas that will support life under the intended conditions of use
3.17
work of breathing
work expended during one breathing cycle which is proportional to the area bounded by the pressure
volume diagram divided by the tidal volume
Note 1 to entry: Measured in Joules per litre.
3.18
respiratory pressure
differential pressure at the mouth relative to the no flow pressures measured at the end of inhalation
and exhalation
3.19
hydrostatic imbalance
difference at end exhalation no flow between the pressure at the mouth and that at the lung centroid
reference point
3.20
tidal volume
volume of breathing gas displaced by the breathing simulator during one half cycle (inhalation or
exhalation)
Note 1 to entry: Measured in litres.
3.21
respiratory minute volume
product of the tidal volume and breathing frequency
Note 1 to entry: Measured in litres per minute.
3.22
useable volume of air
volume of breathable air available to the user while the demand regulator is operating within the
specified breathing performance
3.23
rated working pressure
maximum working pressure of the respective components
3.24
pressure volume diagram
diagram generated during one breathing cycle by plotting the respiratory pressure against the
displaced (tidal) volume
3.25
elastance
change in pressure that results from a given volume change of the human lung
−1
Note 1 to entry: Measured in kPa.L
Note 2 to entry: This is a typical term for the elastic behaviour of a breathing system.
3.26
reference pressure
equilibrium pressure which exists in the mouthpiece when there is no respiratory flow at the end of
exhalation
3.27
escape buoyancy
buoyancy of the combination of an EBS, uninflated lifejacket and immersion suit (as appropriate) to be
overcome when escaping from an immersed helicopter
Note 1 to entry: Escape buoyancy includes the inherent buoyancy of the components of the suit system and
entrapped air but excludes the inflated buoyancy of an inflatable buoyancy element when fitted to the suit.
3.28
crew member
person assigned by an operator to perform duties on board an aircraft
4 Classification
4.1 Design types
4.1.1 Compressed air EBS
A compressed air EBS is a system where air or some other breathable gas is supplied to the user on
demand from a high pressure gas cylinder, the period of breathing being limited by the volume of
useable gas.
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