prEN ISO 6603-2

Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 2: Instrumented impact testing (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Kunststoffe – Bestimmung des Durchstoßverhaltens von festen Kunststoffen – Teil 2: Instrumentierter Schlagversuch (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Plastiques - Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet d'un choc - Partie 2: Essais de choc instrumentés (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje prebodne odpornosti togih polimernih materialov - 2. del: Instrumentalni udarni preskus (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 15-Feb-2024
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Current Stage: 4599 - Dispatch of FV draft to CMC - Finalization for Vote
• Start Date: 12-Dec-2022
• Completion Date: 12-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022 - Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 2: Instrumented impact testing (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Relations

• Revises: EN ISO 6603-2:2000 - Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 2: Instrumented puncture test (ISO 6603-2:2000)
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
01-junij-2022
Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje prebodne odpornosti togih polimernih
materialov - 2. del: Instrumentalni udarni preskus (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 2:

Instrumented impact testing (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Kunststoffe – Bestimmung des Durchstoßverhaltens von festen Kunststoffen – Teil 2:

Instrumentierter Schlagversuch (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)

Plastiques - Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet

d'un choc - Partie 2: Essais de choc instrumentés (ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 6603-2
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 6603-2
ISO/TC 61/SC 2 Secretariat: SAC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-04-18 2022-07-11
Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of
rigid plastics —
Part 2:
Instrumented impact testing

Plastiques — Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet d'un choc —

Partie 2: Essais de choc instrumentés
ICS: 83.080.01
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

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Published in Switzerland
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6

5 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

6 Test specimens ....................................................................................................................................................................................................10

6.1 Shape and dimensions .................................................................................................................................................................. 10

6.2 Preparation of test specimens ............................................................................................................................................... 10

6.3 Non-homogeneous test specimens .................................................................................................................................... 10

6.4 Checking the test specimens ................................................................................................................................................... 11

6.5 Number of test specimens ......................................................................................................................................................... 11

6.6 Conditioning of test specimens ............................................................................................................................................. 11

7 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................................11

7.1 Test atmosphere ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

7.1.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

7.1.2 Ambient temperature testing .............................................................................................................................. 11

7.1.3 Low temperature testing ......................................................................................................................................... 11

7.2 Measurement of thickness ........................................................................................................................................................ 12

7.3 Clamping the test specimen ..................................................................................................................................................... 12

7.4 Lubrication ..............................................................................................................................................................................................12

7.5 Puncture test procedure ........................................................................................................................................... ..................12

8 Calculations ............................................................................................................................................................................................................12

8.1 Expression of results ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12

8.2 Calculation of deflection ............................................................................................................................................................. 13

8.3 Calculation of energy .....................................................................................................................................................................13

8.4 Statistical parameters................................................................................................................................................................... 14

8.5 Significant figures............................................................................................................................................................................. 14

9 Precision ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................14

10 Test report ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................14

Annex A (informative) Interpretation of complex force-deflection curves ............................................................16

Annex B (informative) Friction between striker and specimen .........................................................................................19

Annex C (informative) Clamping of specimens ......................................................................................................................................21

Annex D (informative) Tough/brittle transitions ..............................................................................................................................22

Annex E (informative) Influence of specimen thickness.............................................................................................................23

Annex F (informative) Guidance for the classification of the type of failure ........................................................25

Annex G (informative) Precision Data ............................................................................................................................................................28

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................30

iii
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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2,

Mechanical behavior.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6603-2:2000), which has been technically

revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— References to ISO 6603-1 have been replaced by the corresponding text;
— Normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
— Requirements for force measurement accuracy have been revised;
— Definitions for conditioning and test climate have been updated;
— Testing in clamped situation has been defined as the preferred method;
— Precision Data has been added in annex F.
A list of all parts in the ISO 6603 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 6603-2:2022(E)
Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of
rigid plastics —
Part 2:
Instrumented impact testing
1 Scope

This document specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of rigid

plastics, in the form of flat specimens, using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is

applicable if a force-deflection or force-time diagram, recorded at nominally constant striker velocity,

is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour.

The test method is applicable to specimens with a thickness between 1 mm and 4 mm.

NOTE For thicknesses less than 1 mm, ISO 7765-2 should preferably be used. Thicknesses greater than 4 mm

may be tested if the equipment is suitable, but the test falls outside the scope this document.

The method is suitable for use with the following types of material:

— rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled, unfilled and reinforced

compounds and sheets;

— rigid thermosetting molding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds,

sheets and laminates;

— fibre-reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or multi-

directional reinforcements such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination

and hybrid reinforcements, rovings, milled fibers and sheets made from pre-impregnated materials

(prepregs).

The method is also applicable to specimens which are either molded or machined from finished

products, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.

The test results are comparable only if the conditions of preparation of the specimens, their dimensions

and surfaces as well as the test conditions are the same. In particular, results determined on specimens

of different thickness cannot be compared with one another (see annex E). Comprehensive evaluation

of the reaction to impact stress requires that determinations be made as a function of impact velocity

and temperature for different material variables, such as crystallinity and moisture content.

The impact behaviour of finished products cannot be predicted directly from this test, but specimens

may be taken from finished products (see above) for tests by this method.

Test data developed by this method should not be used for design calculations. However, information on

the typical behaviour of the material can be obtained by testing at different temperatures and impact

velocities (see annex D) by varying the thickness (see annex E) and by testing specimens prepared

under different conditions.

It is not the purpose of this document to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring on every

particular point of the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for scientific research.

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2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

ISO 293, Plastics — Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials

ISO 294-1, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General

principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens

ISO 294-3, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small

plates

ISO 295, Plastics — Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials

ISO 1268-1, Fibre-reinforced plastics — Methods of producing test plates — Part 1: General conditions

ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval

ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 16012, Plastics — Determination of linear dimensions of test specimens
ISO 20753, Plastics — Test specimens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
impact velocity
velocity of the striker relative to the support at the moment of impact
Note 1 to entry: Impact velocity is expressed in metres per second (m/s).\
3.2
force
force exerted by the striker on the test specimen in the direction of impact
Note 1 to entry: Force is expressed in newtons (N).
3.3
deflection

relative displacement between the striker and the specimen support, starting from the first contact

between the striker and the test specimen
Note 1 to entry: Deflection is expressed in millimetres (mm).
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3.4
energy

energy expended in deforming and penetrating the test specimen up to a deflection l

Note 1 to entry: Energy is expressed in joules (J).

Note 2 to entry: Energy is measured as the integral of the force-deflection curve starting from the point of impact

up to a deflection l.
3.5
maximum force
maximum force occurring during the test
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4.
Note 2 to entry: Maximum force is expressed in newtons (N).
3.6
deflection at maximum force
deflection that occurs at maximum force F
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4.
Note 2 to entry: Deflection at maximum force is expressed in millimetres (mm).
3.7
energy to maximum force
energy expended up to the deflection l at maximum force
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4.
Note 2 to entry: Energy to maximum force is expressed in joules (J).
3.8
puncture deflection
deflection at which the force has dropped to half the maximum force F
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4 and note to 3.9.
Note 2 to entry: Puncture deflection is expressed in millimetres (mm).
3.9
puncture energy
energy expended up to the puncture deflection l
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4 and note 3.
Note 2 to entry: Puncture energy is expressed in joules (J).

Note 3 to entry: When testing tough materials, a transducer mounted at some distance from the impacting tip

may record frictional force acting between the cylindrical part of the striker and the punctured material. The

corresponding frictional energy shall not be included in the puncture energy, which, therefore, is restricted to

that deflection, at which the force drops to half the maximum force F .
3.10
impact failure

mechanical behaviour of the material under test which may be either one of the following types:

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oSIST prEN ISO 6603-2:2022
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a) YD yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by deep drawing, see figure 1

b) YS yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by (at least partially) stable cracking, see

figure 2

c) YU yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by unstable cracking, see figure 3

d) NY no yielding, see figure 4

Note 1 to entry: Comparison of Figures 2 and 3 shows puncture deflection l and puncture energy E are identical

P P

for the failure types YS and YU. As shown in Figure 4, identical values at maximum and at puncture are found for

the deflection as well as the energy in the case of failure type NY. For complex behaviour see annex A.

Note 2 to entry: For more guidance on the classification of failure types, see the informative annex F.

Figure 1 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum

force) followed by deep drawing, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with

lubrication)
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Figure 2 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum

force) followed by stable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with

lubrication)

Note 1 to entry Natural vibration of the force measurement system appears after unstable cracking (striker and

load cell).

Figure 3 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum

force) followed by unstable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing

(with lubrication)
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Figure 4 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure without yielding followed by

unstable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with lubrication)

4 Principle

The test specimen is punctured at its centre using a lubricated striker, perpendicularly to the test-

specimen surface and at a nominally uniform velocity. The resulting force-deflection or force-time

diagram is recorded electronically. The test specimen may be clamped in position (preferred) during

the test.

The force-deflection diagram obtained in these tests records the impact behaviour of the specimen

from which several features of the behaviour of the material may be inferred.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Testing instrument, consisting of the following essential components
— energy carrier, which may be inertial-mass type or hydraulic type (see 5.1.1);
— striker, which shall be lubricated;
— specimen support with a recommended clamping device.

The test device shall permit the test specimen to be punctured at its centre, perpendicular to its surface

at a nominally constant velocity. The force exerted on the test specimen in the direction of impact

and the deflection from the centre of the test specimen in the direction of impact shall be derivable or

measurable (see Figure 5).

5.1.1 Energy carrier, with a preferred impact velocity v of (4,4 ± 0,2) m/s (see 3.1 and note to 3.1).

To avoid results, which cannot be compared due to the viscoelastic behaviour of the material under

impact, the decrease of velocity during the test shall not be greater than 20 %.

NOTE 1 For brittle materials, an impact velocity of 1 m/s may be found to be more appropriate because it

reduces the level of vibration and noise and improves the quality of the force-deflection diagram (see annex A).

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5.1.1.1 Hydraulic type, consisting of a high-speed testing machine with suitable attachments.

Any deviation of the velocity of the striker relative to the support during impact shall be controlled, for

example by recording deflection-time curves and checking the slope.

5.1.1.2 Inertial-mass type, which may be accelerated. Suitable devices are falling-dart machines.

In the case of a gravitationally accelerated mass and neglecting frictional losses; the impact velocity v

corresponds to a drop height H of the energy carrier of (1,0 ± 0,1) m.

For all inertial-mass-type energy carriers the impact velocity shall be measured by velocity-measuring

sensors placed close to the point of impact. The maximum decrease of velocity during test results in the

minimum mass, m , of the carrier according to formula (1) and (2) (see NOTE 1).
* 2
mE≥ 6 /v (1)
c 0
mE≥= 03,,14forv 4 ms/ (2)
c 0
where
m is the mass of the energy carrier, expressed in kilograms;

E* is the highest puncture energy to be measured, expressed in joules (see 3.9);

v is the impact velocity (4,4 m/s, see 3.1).

NOTE 1 In many cases, a weighted energy carrier with a total mass m of 20 kg has been found to be sufficient

for the larger striker and of 5 kg for the smaller striker (see 5.1.2).

5.1.2 Striker, preferably having a polished hemispherical striking surface of diameter (20,0 ± 0,2) mm.

Alternatively, a (10,0 ± 0,1) mm diameter striking surface may be used.

NOTE 1 The size and dimensions of the striker and condition of the surface will affect the impact results.

The striker shall be made of any material with sufficient resistance to wear and of sufficiently high

strength to prevent plastic deformation. In practice, hardened steel or materials with lower density (i.e.

titanium) have been found acceptable.

The hemispherical surface of the striker shall be lubricated to reduce any friction between the striker

and the test specimen (see NOTE 2 and annex B).

NOTE 2 Test results obtained with a lubricated or dry striker are likely to be different. Below ambient

temperatures, condensation can act as a lubricant.

The load cell shall be located within one striker diametre from the tip of the striker, i.e. mounted

as closely as possible to the tip to minimize all extraneous forces and sufficiently near to fulfil the

frequency-response requirement (see 5.2). An example is shown in Figure 5.

5.1.3 Support ring (see Figures 5 and 6), placed on a rigid base and designed such that air cannot

be trapped under the test specimen, thus avoiding a possible spring effect. Below the support ring,

there shall be sufficient space for the striker to travel after total penetration of the test specimen. The

recommended inside diameter of the support ring is (40 ± 2) mm, or alternatively (100 ± 5) mm, with a

minimum height of 12 mm.
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5.1.4 Base for test device, firmly mounted to a rigid structure so that the mass of the base (see

Figure 5) is of sufficient stiffness to minimize deflection of the specimen support.

When calculating the deflection from the kinetics of the accelerated mass, a minimum mass ratio m /

m of 10 between base (m ) and energy carrier (m ) shall be used. This prevents the base from being

C B C

accelerated by more than 1 % of the impact speed up to the end of the test. For directly measured

deflections, this minimum ratio is a recommendation only. For the principles of this specification see

[5]
annex B of ISO 179-2 .
Key
1 test specimen 5 test specimen support
2 hemispherical striker tip 6 clamping ring (optional)
3 load cell (recommended position) 7 base
4 shaft 8 acoustical isolation (optional)
Figure 5 — Example of test device
Dimensions in
Side length
60 140
or diameter
Designation D12 and
to ISO 20753 D22
D 40 ± 2 100 ± 5
D 60 140
D ≥ 90 ≥ 200
H 12 12
R 1 1
Key
1 clamping ring (optional)
2 test specimen support
Figure 6 — Clamping device (schematic)
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
Specimen
Clamp dimensions
type
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5.1.5 Clamping device (optional), consisting of two parts, a supporting ring and a clamping ring

(see Figure 6), for annular test specimens. The recommended inside diameter of the clamping device is

(40 ± 2) mm, alternatively (100 ± 5) mm. The clamp may work by shape or by application of force to the

specimen. A clamping force of 3 kN is recommended for the latter (see NOTE 1).

NOTE 1 Pneumatically and screw-operated clamps have been successfully employed. The results obtained for

clamped and unclamped specimens are likely different (see annex C).
5.2 Instruments for measuring force and deflection

5.2.1 Force measurement system, for measuring the force exerted on the test specimen. The striker

may be equipped with strain gauges or a piezoelectric load transducer, which shall be placed close to

the striker tip. Any other suitable method of force measurement is also acceptable. The measurement

system shall be able to record forces with an accuracy equal to or within ±2 % of the maximum impact

force, F , which has occurred during the test.

The force measurement system shall be calibrated as set-up ready for measurement. Calibration may be

performed statically (fo
...