Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 6: Frame and fork test methods (ISO 4210-6:2015)

ISO 4210-6:2015 specifies the frame and fork test methods for ISO 4210‑2.

Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 6: Prüfverfahren für Rahmen und Gabel (ISO 4210-6:2015)

Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai du cadre et de la fourche (ISO 4210-6:2015)

L'ISO 4210-6:2015 spécifie les méthodes d'essai du cadre et de la fourche pour l'ISO 4210‑2.

Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 6. del: Preskusne metode za okvirje in vilice koles (ISO 4210-6:2015)

Ta del standarda ISO 4210 določa preskusne metode za okvirje in vilice koles za standard ISO 4210-2.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
30-Dec-2015
Withdrawal Date
30-Mar-2016
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
Completion Date
25-Jan-2023

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Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
01-december-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2014
Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 6. del: Preskusne metode za okvirje in
vilice koles (ISO 4210-6:2015)

Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 6: Frame and fork test methods (ISO

4210-6:2015)

Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 6: Prüfverfahren für

Rahmen und Gabel (ISO 4210-6:2015)

Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai du cadre et

de la fourche (ISO 4210-6:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ICS:
43.150 Kolesa Cycles
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
EN ISO 4210-6
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.150 Supersedes EN ISO 4210-6:2014
English Version
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 6: Frame
and fork test methods (ISO 4210-6:2015)

Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 6: Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an

Méthodes d'essai du cadre et de la fourche (ISO 4210- Fahrräder - Teil 6: Prüfverfahren für Rahmen und

6:2015) Gabel (ISO 4210-6:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 August 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this

European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references

concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN

member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by

translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management

Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4210-6:2015 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
EN ISO 4210-6:2015 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
EN ISO 4210-6:2015 (E)
European foreword

This document (EN ISO 4210-6:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149 “Cycles”

in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 333 “Cycles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an

identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall

be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4210-6:2014.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,

Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,

France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,

Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 4210-6:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4210-6:2015 without any

modification.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4210-6
Second edition
2015-09-01
Cycles — Safety requirements for
bicycles —
Part 6:
Frame and fork test methods
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes —
Partie 6: Méthodes d’essai du cadre et de la fourche
Reference number
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior

written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of

the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Frame test methods ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1 Frame — Impact test (falling mass) ..................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.2 Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame) ...................................................................... 3

4.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.2.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.3 Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces .................................................................................................................. 6

4.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.3.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.4 Frame — Fatigue test with horizontal forces ............................................................................................................... 7

4.4.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

4.4.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.5 Frame — Fatigue test with a vertical force ..................................................................................................................... 9

4.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

4.5.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9

5 Fork test methods .............................................................................................................................................................................................10

5.1 Suspension forks — Tyre-clearance test .......................................................................................................................10

5.2 Suspension forks — Tensile test ...........................................................................................................................................11

5.3 Front fork — Static bending test ..........................................................................................................................................11

5.4 Front fork — Rearward impact test ...................................................................................................................................11

5.4.1 Test method 1 ..................................................................................................................................................................11

5.4.2 Test method 2 ..................................................................................................................................................................13

5.4.3 Test method 3 ..................................................................................................................................................................13

5.5 Front fork — Bending fatigue test and rearward impact test .....................................................................14

5.6 Forks intended for use with hub or disc brakes ......................................................................................................15

5.6.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................15

5.6.2 Fork for hub/disc brake — Static brake-torque test ......................................................................15

5.6.3 Fork for hub/disc brake — Brake mount fatigue test ...................................................................16

5.7 Tensile test for a non-welded fork ......... ..............................................................................................................................17

Annex A (normative) Dummy fork characteristics .............................................................................................................................18

Annex B (normative) Fork mounting fixture ............................................................................................................................................20

Annex C (informative) Suspension frames — Tyre-clearance test .....................................................................................21

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity

assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles and

major sub-assemblies.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4210-6:2014), which has been technically

revised.

ISO 4210 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles:

— Part 1: Terms and definitions

— Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles

— Part 3: Common test methods
— Part 4: Braking test methods
— Part 5: Steering test methods
— Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
— Part 7: Wheels and rims test methods
— Part 8: Pedal and drive system test methods
— Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
Introduction

This International Standard has been developed in response to demand throughout the world, and the

aim has been to ensure that bicycles manufactured in compliance with this International Standard

will be as safe as is practically possible. The tests have been designed to ensure the strength and

durability of individual parts as well as of the bicycle as a whole, demanding high quality throughout

and consideration of safety aspects from the design stage onwards.

The scope has been limited to safety considerations and has specifically avoided standardization of

components.
If the bicycle is to be used on public roads, national regulations apply.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 6:
Frame and fork test methods
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4210 specifies the frame and fork test methods for ISO 4210-2.
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 4210-1, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Terms and definitions

ISO 4210-2:2015, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking,

young adult, mountain and racing bicycles

ISO 4210-3:2014, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 3: Common test methods

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4210-1 apply.

4 Frame test methods
4.1 Frame — Impact test (falling mass)
4.1.1 General

Manufacturers of frames are permitted to conduct the test with a dummy fork (see Annex A) fitted in

place of a front fork.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar

removed.

Where a suspension fork is fitted, test the assembly with the fork extended to its unloaded free length.

Where a rear suspension system is incorporated in the frame, secure the suspension in a position

equivalent to that which would occur with an 80 kg rider seated on the bicycle. For young adult

bicycles, secure the suspension in a position equivalent to that which would occur with a 40 kg rider

seated on the bicycle; if the type of suspension system does not permit it to be locked, then replace the

spring/damper unit by a solid link of the appropriate size and with end fittings similar to those of the

spring/damper unit.
4.1.2 Test method

Assemble a roller of mass less than or equal to 1 kg and with dimensions conforming to those shown in

Figure 1 in the fork. The hardness of roller shall be not less than 60 HRC at impact surface. If a dummy

fork is used in place of a fork, the bar shall have a rounded end equivalent in shape to the roller. Hold

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)

the frame-fork or frame-bar assembly vertically with clamping to a rigid fixture by the rear-axle

attachment points as shown in Figure 1.

Rest a striker of mass 22,5 kg on the roller in the fork dropouts or on the rounded end of the dummy fork

and measure the wheelbase. Raise the striker to a height of h above the low-mass roller and release it

to strike the roller or the steel bar at a point in line with the wheel centres and against the direction of

the fork rake or rake of the bar. The drop heights are given in Table 1. The striker will bounce and this is

normal. When the striker has come to rest on the roller or dummy fork, measure the wheelbase again.

If the fork fails, the frame shall be tested with a dummy fork.
NOTE See ISO 4210-3:2014, Annex B.
Table 1 — Drop heights
Dimensions in millimetres
City and trekking Young adult
Bicycle type Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles bicycles
Drop height, h 180 180 360 212
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
h drop height
1 wheelbase
2 permanent deformation
3 22,5 kg striker
4 low-mass roller (1 kg max.)
5 rigid mounting for rear-axle attachment point
6 direction of rearward impact
Figure 1 — Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling mass)
4.2 Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame)
4.2.1 General

Manufacturers of complete bicycles shall conduct the test with the frame fitted with the appropriate

front fork.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)

For manufacturers of frames, where the fork intended for the frame is not available, the test can be

conducted with the frame fitted with a fork which meets the requirements of the fork impact test as

described in ISO 4210-2:2015, 4.9.5.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar

removed.

Where a suspension fork is fitted, it shall be at its unloaded length prior to the impact. If the

spring/damper unit can be locked, it shall be locked in its unloaded length position. If the spring/damper

cannot be locked, use one of the two following alternative procedures:
— secure the fork at its extended length by an external locking method, or

— replace the fork by a rigid fork which is known to meet the requirements of the impact test described

in ISO 4210-2:2015, 4.9.5 and of a length which is consistent with an 80 kg (in case of young adult

bicycles, apply 40 kg) rider seated in a normal riding position on the bicycle when it is equipped

with the suspension fork.

Where a rear suspension system is incorporated in the frame, secure the spring/damper unit in a

position equivalent to that which would occur with an 80 kg (in case of young adult bicycles, apply

40 kg) rider seated on the bicycle; if the type of suspension system does not permit it to be locked, then

replace the spring/damper unit by a solid link of the appropriate size and with end fittings similar to

those of the spring/damper unit.
4.2.2 Test method

Conduct the test on the assembly used for the test in ISO 4210-2:2015, 4.8.2 or, in the case of a frame

manufacturer who does not make forks, with the same frame with a suitable fork fitted (see 4.2.1).

As shown in Figure 2, mount the frame-fork assembly at its rear axle attachment points so that it is free

to rotate about the rear axle in a vertical plane. Support the front fork on a flat steel anvil so that the

frame is in its normal position of use. Securely fix mass M to the seat-post as shown in Figure 2 with

the centre of gravity at distance D (= 75 mm) along the seat-post axis from the insertion point, and fix

masses of M and M (Table 2) to the top of the steering head and the bottom bracket, respectively, as

2 3
shown in Figure 2.

Measure the wheelbase with the three masses in place. Rotate the assembly about the rear axle until

the distance between the low-mass roller and the anvil is h , and then allow the assembly to fall freely

to impact on the anvil.

Repeat the test and then measure the wheelbase again with the three masses in place and the roller

resting on the anvil.
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)

Table 2 — Drop heights and distribution of masses at seat post, steering head, and bottom

bracket
City and trekking Young adult
Bicycle type Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles bicycles
Mass 1
Seat-post, M 50 40 30 30
Mass 2
Steering head, M 10 10 10 10
Mass 3
Bottom bracket, M 30 20 50 50
Drop height, h
200 200 300 200
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 wheelbase 6 rigid mounting for rear-axle attachment point
2 permanent deformation 7 steel anvil
3 mass 1 (M ) D distance to the centre of gravity (75 mm)
4 mass 2 (M ) h drop height
2 2
5 mass 3 (M )
Figure 2 — Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame)
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)
4.3 Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces
4.3.1 General
All types of frame shall be subjected to this test.

In tests on suspension frames with pivoted joints, adjust the spring, air pressure, or damper to provide

maximum resistance, or, for a pneumatic damper in which the air pressure cannot be adjusted, replace

the suspension unit with a rigid link, ensuring that its end fixings and lateral rigidity accurately

simulate those of the original unit. For suspension frames in which the chain stays do not have pivots

but rely on flexing, ensure that any dampers are set to provide the minimum resistance in order to

ensure adequate testing of the frame.

Where a suspension frame has adjustable brackets or linkages to vary the resistance of the bicycle

against the ground-contact forces or to vary the attitude of the bicycle, arrange the positions of these

adjustable components to ensure maximum forces in the frame.
4.3.2 Test method

Use a new frame/fork assembly fitted with standard head tube bearings for the test. The front fork can

be replaced by a dummy fork (see Annex A) of the same length and at least the same stiffness as the

original fork.

NOTE If a genuine fork is used, failures of the fork are possible; therefore, it is recommended that for

convenience, a dummy fork stiffer and stronger than the genuine fork be used.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar

removed.

Mount the frame assembly on a base as shown in Figure 3 with the fork or dummy fork secured by its

axle to a rigid mount of height R (the radius of the wheel/tyre assembly ±30 mm) and with the hub

free to swivel on the axle. Secure the rear dropouts by means of the axle to a stiff, vertical link of the

same height as that of the front, rigid mount, the upper connection of the link being free to swivel about

the axis of the axle but providing rigidity in a lateral plane, and the lower end of the link being fitted

with a ball-joint.

Fit a crank, chain wheel and chain assembly or, preferably, a strong, stiff, replacement assembly to the

bottom bracket as shown in Figure 3 and described in item a) or b) below.

a) If a crank/chain-wheel assembly is used, incline both cranks forwards and downwards at an angle

of 45° (accurate to within ±2,0°) to the horizontal and secure the front end of the chain to the

middle chain wheel of three, the smaller chain wheel of two, or the only chain wheel. Attach the

rear end of the chain to the rear axle and perpendicular to the axis of the axle.

b) If an adaptor assembly is used (as shown in Figure 3), ensure that the assembly is free to swivel

about the axis of the bottom-bracket and that both replacement arms are 175 mm long (L) and that

they are both inclined forwards and downwards at an angle of 45° (accurate to within ±2,0°) to the

horizontal. Secure the position of the crank replacement arms by a vertical arm (which replaces the

chain wheel) and a tie rod which has ball joints at both ends and which is attached to the rear axle

perpendicular to the axis of the rear axle. The length of the vertical arm (R ) shall be 75 mm and the

axis of the tie rod shall be parallel to and 50 mm from the vertical plane through the centreline of

the frame.

Subject each pedal spindle (or equivalent adaptor component) to a repeated downward force of F at

a position 150 mm from the centreline of the frame in a vertical, transverse plane and inclined at 7,5°

(accurate to within ±0,5°) to the fore/aft plane of the frame as shown in Table 3 and Figure 3. During

application of these test forces, ensure that the force on a “pedal spindle” falls to 5 % or less of the peak

force before commencing application of the test force to the other “pedal spindle”.

6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)

Apply the test forces for 100 000 test cycles, where one test cycle consists of the application and removal

of the two test forces. The maximum test frequency shall be maintained as specified in ISO 4210-3:2014,

4.5.
Table 3 — Forces on pedal spindle
Forces in newtons
City and trekking
Bicycle type Young adult bicycles Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles
Force, F 1 000 1 000 1 200 1 100
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
R height of rigid mount and vertical link
R length of vertical arm (75 mm)
L length of crank replacement (175 mm)
1 rigid mount
2 vertical link
3 ball joint
4 adaptor assembly
5 vertical arm
6 tie rod
7 centreline of tie rod
Figure 3 — Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces
4.4 Frame — Fatigue test with horizontal forces
4.4.1 General

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, remove the bar.

It is not necessary for a genuine fork to be fitted, provided that any substitute fork is of the same length

as the intended fork (see Annex A) and it is correctly installed in the steering-head bearings. For a

suspension fork, lock it at a length equivalent to that with an 80 kg (in case of young adult bicycles,

apply 40 kg) rider seated on the bicycle either by adjusting the spring/damper or by external means.

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 7
---------------------- Page: 19 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO 4210-6:2015(E)

In tests on suspension frames with pivoted joints, lock the moving part of the frame into a positio

...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
01-julij-2015
Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 6. del: Preskusne metode za okvirje in
vilice koles (ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015)
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
(ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015)

Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 6: Prüfverfahren für

Rahmen und Gabel (ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015)

Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai du cadre et

de la fourche (ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN ISO 4210-6 rev
ICS:
43.150 Kolesa Cycles
kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4210-6
ISO/TC 149/SC 1
Cycles — Safety requirements for
Secretariat: JISC
bicycles —
Voting begins
on: 201 5-05-07
Part 6:
Voting terminates
Frame and fork test methods
on: 201 5-07-07
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes —
Partie 6: Méthodes d’essai du cadre et de la fourche
Please see the administrative notes on page iii
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior

written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of

the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING

This final draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and pro-

cessed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement. The final draft was

established on the basis of comments received during a parallel enquiry on the draft.

This final draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel

two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
Positive votes shall not be accompanied by comments.
Negative votes shall be accompanied by the relevant technical reasons.
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Frame test methods ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1 Frame — Impact test (falling mass) ..................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.1.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4.2 Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame) ...................................................................... 3

4.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.2.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.3 Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces .................................................................................................................. 6

4.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.3.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.4 Frame — Fatigue test with horizontal forces ............................................................................................................... 7

4.4.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

4.4.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.5 Frame — Fatigue test with a vertical force ..................................................................................................................... 8

4.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.5.2 Test method .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9

5 Fork test methods .............................................................................................................................................................................................10

5.1 Suspension forks — Tyre-clearance test .......................................................................................................................10

5.2 Suspension forks — Tensile test ...........................................................................................................................................11

5.3 Front fork — Static bending test ..........................................................................................................................................11

5.4 Front fork — Rearward impact test ...................................................................................................................................11

5.4.1 Test method 1 ..................................................................................................................................................................11

5.4.2 Test method 2 ..................................................................................................................................................................13

5.4.3 Test method 3 ..................................................................................................................................................................13

5.5 Front fork — Bending fatigue test and rearward impact test .....................................................................14

5.6 Forks intended for use with hub or disc brakes ......................................................................................................15

5.6.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................15

5.6.2 Fork for hub/disc brake — Static brake-torque test ......................................................................15

5.6.3 Fork for hub/disc brake — Brake mount fatigue test ...................................................................16

5.7 Tensile test for a non-welded fork ......... ..............................................................................................................................17

Annex A (normative) Dummy fork characteristics .............................................................................................................................18

Annex B (normative) Fork mounting fixture ............................................................................................................................................20

Annex C (informative) Suspension frames — Tyre-clearance test .....................................................................................21

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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity

assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers

to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles and major

sub-assemblies.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4210-6:2014), which has been

technically revised.

ISO 4210 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles:

— Part 1: Terms and definitions

— Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles

— Part 3: Common test methods
— Part 4: Braking test methods
— Part 5: Steering test methods
— Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
— Part 7: Wheels and rims test methods
— Part 8: Pedal and drive system test methods
— Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Introduction

This International Standard has been developed in response to demand throughout the world, and the

aim has been to ensure that bicycles manufactured in compliance with this International Standard

will be as safe as is practically possible. The tests have been designed to ensure the strength and

durability of individual parts as well as of the bicycle as a whole, demanding high quality throughout

and consideration of safety aspects from the design stage onwards.

The scope has been limited to safety considerations and has specifically avoided standardization of

components.
If the bicycle is to be used on public roads, national regulations apply.
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 6:
Frame and fork test methods
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4210 specifies the frame and fork test methods for ISO 4210-2.
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 4210-1, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Terms and definitions

ISO 4210-2:2014, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking,

young adult, mountain and racing bicycles

ISO 4210-3:2014, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 3: Common test methods

3 Terms a nd definiti ons

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4210-1 apply.

4 Frame test methods
4.1 Frame — Impact test (falling mass)
4.1.1 General

Manufacturers of frames are permitted to conduct the test with a dummy fork (see Annex A) fitted in

place of a front fork.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar removed.

Where a suspension fork is fitted, test the assembly with the fork extended to its unloaded free length.

Where a rear suspension system is incorporated in the frame, secure the suspension in a position

equivalent to that which would occur with an 80 kg rider seated on the bicycle. For young adult bicycles,

secure the suspension in a position equivalent to that which would occur with a 40 kg rider seated on the

bicycle; if the type of suspension system does not permit it to be locked, then replace the spring/damper

unit by a solid link of the appropriate size and with end fittings similar to those of the spring/damper unit.

4.1.2 Test method

Assemble a roller of mass less than or equal to 1 kg and with dimensions conforming to those shown in

Figure 1 in the fork. The hardness of roller shall be not less than 60 HRC at impact surface. If a dummy

fork is used in place of a fork, the bar shall have a rounded end equivalent in shape to the roller. Hold the

frame-fork or frame-bar assembly vertically with clamping to a rigid fixture by the rear-axle attachment

points as shown in Figure 1.
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)

Rest a striker of mass 22,5 kg on the roller in the fork dropouts or on the rounded end of the dummy fork

and measure the wheelbase. Raise the striker to a height of h above the low-mass roller and release it

to strike the roller or the steel bar at a point in line with the wheel centres and against the direction of

the fork rake or rake of the bar. The drop heights are given in Table 1. The striker will bounce and this is

normal. When the striker has come to rest on the roller or dummy fork, measure the wheelbase again.

If the fork fails, the frame shall be tested with a dummy fork.
NOTE See ISO 4210-3:2014, Annex B.
Table 1 — Drop heights
Dimensions in millimetres
City and trekking Young adult
Bicycle type Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles bicycles
Drop height, h 180 180 360 212
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
h drop height
1 wheelbase
2 permanent deformation
3 22,5 kg striker
4 low-mass roller (1 kg max.)
5 rigid mounting for rear-axle attachment point
6 direction of rearward impact
Figure 1 — Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling mass)
4.2 Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame)
4.2.1 General

Manufacturers of complete bicycles shall conduct the test with the frame fitted with the appropriate

front fork.
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
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For manufacturers of frames, where the fork intended for the frame is not available, the test can be

conducted with the frame fitted with a fork which meets the requirements of the fork impact test as

described in ISO 4210-2:2014, 4.9.5.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar removed.

Where a suspension fork is fitted, it shall be at its unloaded length prior to the impact. If the spring/damper

unit can be locked, it shall be locked in its unloaded length position. If the spring/damper cannot be

locked, use one of the two following alternative procedures:
— secure the fork at its extended length by an external locking method, or

— replace the fork by a rigid fork which is known to meet the requirements of the impact test described

in ISO 4210-2:2014, 4.9.5 and of a length which is consistent with an 80 kg (in case of young adult

bicycles, apply 40 kg) rider seated in a normal riding position on the bicycle when it is equipped

with the suspension fork.

Where a rear suspension system is incorporated in the frame, secure the spring/damper unit in a

position equivalent to that which would occur with an 80 kg (in case of young adult bicycles, apply

40 kg) rider seated on the bicycle; if the type of suspension system does not permit it to be locked, then

replace the spring/damper unit by a solid link of the appropriate size and with end fittings similar to

those of the spring/damper unit.
4.2.2 Test method

Conduct the test on the assembly used for the test in ISO 4210-2:2014, 4.8.2 or, in the case of a frame

manufacturer who does not make forks, with the same frame with a suitable fork fitted (see 4.2.1).

As shown in Figure 2, mount the frame-fork assembly at its rear axle attachment points so that it is free

to rotate about the rear axle in a vertical plane. Support the front fork on a flat steel anvil so that the

to the seat-post as shown in Figure 2 with
frame is in its normal position of use. Securely fix mass M

the centre of gravity at distance D (= 75 mm) along the seat-post axis from the insertion point, and fix

masses of M and M (Table 2) to the top of the steering head and the bottom bracket, respectively, as

2 3
shown in Figure 2.

Measure the wheelbase with the three masses in place. Rotate the assembly about the rear axle until

the distance between the low-mass roller and the anvil is h , and then allow the assembly to fall freely

to impact on the anvil.

Repeat the test and then measure the wheelbase again with the three masses in place and the roller

resting on the anvil.
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)

Table 2 — Drop heights and distribution of masses at seat post, steering head, and bottom bracket

City and trekking Young adult
Bicycle type Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles bicycles
Mass 1
Seat-post, M 50 40 30 30
Mass 2
Steering head, M 10 10 10 10
Mass 3
Bottom bracket, M 30 20 50 50
Drop height, h
200 200 300 200
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 wheelbase 6 rigid mounting for rear-axle attachment point
2 permanent deformation 7 steel anvil
3 mass 1 (M ) D distance to the centre of gravity (75 mm)
4 mass 2 (M ) h drop height
2 2
5 mass 3 (M )
Figure 2 — Frame and front fork assembly — Impact test (falling frame)
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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
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4.3 Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces
4.3.1 General
All types of frame shall be subjected to this test.

In tests on suspension frames with pivoted joints, adjust the spring, air pressure, or damper to provide

maximum resistance, or, for a pneumatic damper in which the air pressure cannot be adjusted, replace

the suspension unit with a rigid link, ensuring that its end fixings and lateral rigidity accurately simulate

those of the original unit. For suspension frames in which the chain stays do not have pivots but rely on

flexing, ensure that any dampers are set to provide the minimum resistance in order to ensure adequate

testing of the frame.

Where a suspension frame has adjustable brackets or linkages to vary the resistance of the bicycle

against the ground-contact forces or to vary the attitude of the bicycle, arrange the positions of these

adjustable components to ensure maximum forces in the frame.
4.3.2 Test method

Use a new frame/fork assembly fitted with standard head tube bearings for the test. The front fork can

be replaced by a dummy fork (see Annex A) of the same length and at least the same stiffness as the

original fork.

NOTE If a genuine fork is used, failures of the fork are possible; therefore, it is recommended that for

convenience, a dummy fork stiffer and stronger than the genuine fork be used.

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, test it with the bar removed.

Mount the frame assembly on a base as shown in Figure 3 with the fork or dummy fork secured by its axle

to a rigid mount of height R (the radius of the wheel/tyre assembly ±30 mm) and with the hub free to

swivel on the axle. Secure the rear dropouts by means of the axle to a stiff, vertical link of the same height

as that of the front, rigid mount, the upper connection of the link being free to swivel about the axis of the

axle but providing rigidity in a lateral plane, and the lower end of the link being fitted with a ball-joint.

Fit a crank, chain wheel and chain assembly or, preferably, a strong, stiff, replacement assembly to the

bottom bracket as shown in Figure 3 and described in item a) or b) below.

a) If a crank/chain-wheel assembly is used, incline both cranks forwards and downwards at an angle

of 45° (accurate to within ±2,0°) to the horizontal and secure the front end of the chain to the middle

chain wheel of three, the smaller chain wheel of two, or the only chain wheel. Attach the rear end of

the chain to the rear axle and perpendicular to the axis of the axle.

b) If an adaptor assembly is used (as shown in Figure 3), ensure that the assembly is free to swivel about

the axis of the bottom-bracket and that both replacement arms are 175 mm long (L) and that they are

both inclined forwards and downwards at an angle of 45° (accurate to within ±2,0°) to the horizontal.

Secure the position of the crank replacement arms by a vertical arm (which replaces the chain wheel)

and a tie rod which has ball joints at both ends and which is attached to the rear axle perpendicular to

the axis of the rear axle. The length of the vertical arm (R ) shall be 75 mm and the axis of the tie rod

shall be parallel to and 50 mm from the vertical plane through the centreline of the frame.

Subject each pedal spindle (or equivalent adaptor component) to a repeated downward force of F at

a position 150 mm from the centreline of the frame in a vertical, transverse plane and inclined at 7,5°

(accurate to within ±0,5°) to the fore/aft plane of the frame as shown in Table 3 and Figure 3. During

application of these test forces, ensure that the force on a “pedal spindle” falls to 5 % or less of the peak

force before commencing application of the test force to the other “pedal spindle”.

Apply the test forces for 100 000 test cycles, where one test cycle consists of the application and removal of

the two test forces. The maximum test frequency shall be maintained as specified in ISO 4210-3:2014, 4.5.

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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)
Table 3 — Forces on pedal spindle
Forces in newtons
City and trekking
Bicycle type Young adult bicycles Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles
Force, F 1 000 1 000 1 200 1 100
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
R height of rigid mount and vertical link
R length of vertical arm (75 mm)
L length of crank replacement (175 mm)
1 rigid mount
2 vertical link
3 ball joint
4 adaptor assembly
5 vertical arm
6 tie rod
7 centreline of tie rod
Figure 3 — Frame — Fatigue test with pedalling forces
4.4 Frame — Fatigue test with horizontal forces
4.4.1 General

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, remove the bar.

It is not necessary for a genuine fork to be fitted, provided that any substitute fork is of the same length

as the intended fork (see Annex A) and it is correctly installed in the steering-head bearings. For a

suspension fork, lock it at a length equivalent to that with an 80 kg (in case of young adult bicycles, apply

40 kg) rider seated on the bicycle either by adjusting the spring/damper or by external means.

In tests on suspension frames with pivoted joints, lock the moving part of the frame into a position as

would occur with an 80 kg rider seated on the bicycle. This can be achieved by locking the suspension

unit in an appropriate position or, if the type of suspension system does not permit it to be locked, then

the suspension system can be replaced by a solid link of the appropriate compressed size. Ensure that

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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)

the axes of the front and rear axles are horizontally in line, as shown in Figure 4. For suspension frames

in which the chain stays do not have pivots but rely on flexing, ensure that any dampers are set to

provide the minimum resistance in order to ensure adequate testing of the frame.

Where a suspension frame has adjustable brackets or linkages to vary the resistance of the bicycle

against the ground-contact forces or to vary the attitude of the bicycle, arrange the positions of these

adjustable components to ensure maximum forces in the frame.
4.4.2 Test method

Mount the frame in its normal attitude and secured at the rear dropouts so that it is not restrained in a

rotary sense (i.e. preferably by the rear axle) as shown in Figure 4. Ensure that the axis of the front and

rear axles are horizontally in line.

Apply cycles of dynamic, horizontal forces of F in a forward direction and F in a rearward direction to

2 3

the front fork dropouts for C cycles as shown in Table 4 and Figure 4, with the front fork constrained

in vertical direction but free to move in a fore/aft direction under the applied forces. The maximum test

frequency shall be maintained as specified in ISO 4210-3:2014, 4.5.
Table 4 — Forces and cycles on front fork dropouts
City and trekking Young adult
Bicycle type Mountain bicycles Racing bicycles
bicycles bicycles
Forward force, F
450 450 1 200 600
Rearward force, F
450 450 600 600
Test cycles, C 100 000 100 000 50 000 100 000
Key
1 free-running guided roller
2 rigid, pivoted mounting for rear-axle attachment point
Figure 4 — Frame — Fatigue test with horizontal forces
4.5 Frame — Fatigue test with a vertical force
4.5.1 General

Where a frame is convertible for male and female riders by the removal of a bar, remove the bar.

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kSIST FprEN ISO 4210-6:2015
ISO/FDIS 4210-6:2015(E)

Where a suspension frame has adjustable brackets or linkages to vary the resistance of the bicycle against

the ground-contact forces or to vary the attitude of the bicycle, arrange the positions of these adjustable

components to ensure maximum forces in the frame. Secure the rear suspension as described in 4.3.1.

If a suspension fork is fitted lock it at a length equivalent to that with an 80k g (in

...

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