CEN/TR 15728:2008

Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast Concrete - Elements

This Technical Report provides recommendations for the choice and use of cast-in steel lifting inserts, hereafter called 'inserts' for the handling of precast concrete elements. They are intended for use only during transient situations for lifting and handling, and not for the service life of the structure. The choice of insert is made according to the lifting capacity of their part embedded in the concrete, or may be limited by the capacity of the insert itself and the corresponding key declared by the insert manufacturer. The report covers commonly used applications (walls/beams/columns and solid slabs and pipes) and the range of these applications is further limited to prevent other types of failure than concrete breakout failure (cone failure), failure of supplementary reinforcement or failure in the steel insert. A basic supposition is that the concrete is demonstrably uncracked during all lifting situations.
The limitation in scope is used to obtain simple design models. Further information may be found in [1].
The recommended safety levels are intended for short-term-handling and transient situations.
This Technical Report applies only to precast concrete elements made of normal weight concrete and manufactured in a factory environment and under a factory production control (FPC) system (in accordance with EN 13369:2004, clause 6.3) covering the insert embedment.
This Technical Report does not cover :
-   The design of the insert itself (for inserts manufactured by insert suppliers).
-   The lifting key that hooks on to the embedded lifting insert as a component between the insert and the lifting machinery (crane, excavator...), nor its compliance with the embedded insert. These components, when brought to the market separately, are covered by the Machinery Directive (98/37/EC).
-   Lifting inserts for permanent and repeated use.
This report is not an interpretation of the Machinery Directive.

Bemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern für Betonfertigteile

Conception et utilisation d'inserts pour le levage et la manutention des éléments préfabriqués en béton

1.1   Domaine d’application / Généralités
Le présent Rapport Technique fournit des recommandations pour le choix et l'utilisation d'inserts de levage en acier noyés, ci-après appelés « inserts » pour la manutention d'éléments préfabriqués en béton. Leur utilisation n'est prévue que pendant des situations transitoires pour le levage et la manutention et pas pendant la durée de vie en service de la structure. Les inserts sont choisis en fonction de la capacité de levage de leur partie incorporée dans le béton, ou ce choix peut être limité par la capacité de l'insert proprement dit et de la main de levage correspondante fournie par le fabricant d'insert. Le rapport couvre des applications utilisées couramment (murs/poutres/poteaux et dalles pleines et canalisations), la plage de ces applications étant en outre limitée pour empêcher des  types de rupture autres que la rupture par arrachement du béton (rupture du cône), la rupture de l'armature supplémentaire ou la rupture de l'insert en acier. Une hypothèse fondamentale est que la preuve est apportée de l'absence de toute fissuration du béton pendant toutes les situations de levage.
La limitation du domaine d'application sert à obtenir des modèles de conception simples. La référence bibliographique [1] donne de plus amples informations.
Les niveaux de sécurité recommandés concernent la manutention de courte durée et les situations transitoires.
Le présent Rapport Technique s'applique seulement aux éléments préfabriqués en béton façonnés à partir de béton de poids normal et fabriqués dans un environnement d'usine et sous un système de contrôle de production en usine (CPU), conforme au paragraphe 6.3 de l'EN 13369:2004, couvrant l'enrobage de l'insert.

Dimenzioniranje in uporaba transportnih sider za betonske polizdelke - Elementi

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 20-May-2008
• Withdrawal Date: 16-Feb-2016
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 229 - Precast concrete products
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 229/WG 4 - Products which do not warrant a specific standard and which could be referred to in specific standards
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 17-Feb-2016
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 15728:2008 - Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast Concrete - Elements

Relations

• Replaced By: CEN/TR 15728:2016 - Design and use of inserts for lifting and handling of precast concrete elements
• Effective Date: 25-Dec-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST-TP prCEN/TR 15728:2008
01-januar-2008
Zasnova in uporaba vstavkov za dvigovanje in ravnanje z betonskimi polizdelki -
Elementi
Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast Concrete - Elements
Bemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern für Betonfertigteile
Conception et utilisation d'inserts pour le levage et la manutention du béton préfabriqué -
Éléments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prCEN/TR 15728
ICS:
91.100.30
oSIST-TP prCEN/TR 15728:2008 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
FINAL DRAFT
prCEN/TR 15728
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
November 2007
ICS 91.100.30
English Version
Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast
Concrete - Elements
Bemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern für
Betonfertigteile
This draft Technical Report is submitted to CEN members for Technical Committee Approval. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 229.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a Technical Report.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prCEN/TR 15728:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

prCEN/TR 15728:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.4
1 Scope.5
1.1 General.5
1.2 Types of inserts for lifting and handling .5
1.3 Minimum dimensions.5
2 Normative references.6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols.6
3.1 Terms and definitions .6
3.2 Symbols.8
3.2.1 Action and resistance.8
3.2.2 Concrete and steel.9
3.2.3 Inserts.9
4 General design principles.9
4.1 General principles.9
4.2 Partial factors.9
4.2.1 Partial factors for actions .9
4.2.2 Partial factors for resistance .9
5 Actions on inserts.10
5.1 Actions.10
5.2 Effect of lifting procedures on load directions.10
5.3 Actions from adhesion and form friction .12
5.4 Dynamic actions.13
6 Choice of inserts.13
7 Use of Supplier’s recommendations .14
8 Use of CEN/TC 229 recommendations for typical user situations .16
8.1 General conditions.16
8.2 Types of inserts covered .18
8.2.1 Commercially available inserts .18
8.2.2 Inserts made by the precaster.18
8.3 Lifting of walls and linear elements.22
8.3.1 General.22
8.3.2 Basic steel capacity.22
8.3.3 Minimum thickness of wall or element.23
8.3.4 Complementary reinforcement.25
8.3.5 Anchorage length for axial load.26
8.3.6 Effects of shear load in the plane of the wall.31
8.3.7 Effects of transversal shear load .32
8.4 Lifting of slabs and pipes .33
8.4.1 General.33
8.4.2 Minimum edge distances .33
8.4.3 Complementary reinforcement in slabs and pipes .33
8.4.4 Anchorage length for axial load.36
8.4.5 Effects of shear load .37
9 Precaster use of testing .37
10 Recommended technical documentation.37
10.1 General.37
10.2 Properties of inserts.37
prCEN/TR 15728:2007 (E)
10.3 Design of specific lifting application .38
11 Lifting and handling instructions.38
Annex A (Informative) Provisions for testing of inserts for specific lifting and handling situations.40
A.1 Objectives.40
A.1.1 General.40
A.1.2 Types of objectives .40
A.2 Specification of test specimen.40
A.2.1 Areas of application .40
A.2.2 Design of test specimen .41
A.2.3 Age of concrete specimen at testing.42
A.2.4 Specification of inserts .42
A.3 Loading conditions.43
A.3.1 Load and support conditions .43
A.3.2 Loading history.43
A.4 Measurements.43
A.5 Test programs.44
A.5.1 General.44
A.5.2 Tests to verify prior knowledge .44
A.5.3 Tests utilising no prior knowledge: determination of properties for one insert used for specific
applications.44
A.6 Assessment of the test results .45
A.6.1 Characteristic resistance.45
A.6.2 Verification of a calculation model .45
A.6.3 Determination of a single property.46
A.7 Test report.46
A.7.1 General.46
A.7.2 Test members.46
A.7.3 Installation of the insert .47
A.7.4 Measured values.47
A.8 Evaluation report.47
Annex B (Informative) Information to be given by the insert supplier .48
B.1 Information on the content of an operational manual .48
B.1.1 General technical introduction.48
B.1.2 Documentation of the lifting anchor.48
B.1.3 Documentation of the lifting key.49
B.1.4 Documentation of accessories .50
Bibliography.51

prCEN/TR 15728:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 15728:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete
products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to Technical Committee Approval.
To ensure the performance
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2008
Dimenzioniranje in uporaba transportnih sider za betonske polizdelke - Elementi
Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast Concrete - Elements
Bemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern für Betonfertigteile
Conception et utilisation d'inserts pour le levage et la manutention du béton préfabriqué -
Éléments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15728:2008
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15728
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
May 2008
ICS 91.100.30
English Version
Design and Use of Inserts for Lifting and Handling of Precast
Concrete - Elements
Conception et utilisation d'inserts pour le levage et la Bemessung und Verwendung von Transportankern für
manutention du béton préfabriqué - Éléments Betonfertigteile
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 2 March 2008. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 229.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15728:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
1.1 Scope / General.4
1.2 Types of inserts for lifting and handling .4
1.3 Minimum dimensions .4
2 Normative references .5
3 Definitions and symbols .5
3.1 Definitions .5
3.2 Symbols .7
4 General design principles.8
4.1 General principles.8
4.2 Partial factors.8
5 Actions on inserts.9
5.1 Actions.9
5.2 Effect of lifting procedures on load directions.9
5.3 Actions from adhesion and form friction .11
5.4 Dynamic actions .12
6 Choice of inserts.12
7 Use of Supplier’s recommendations .13
8 Use of CEN/TC 229 recommendations for typical user situations .14
8.1 General conditions .14
8.2 Types of inserts covered .17
8.3 Lifting of walls and linear elements.21
8.4 Lifting of slabs and pipes .32
9 Precaster use of testing .36
10 Recommended technical documentation .36
10.1 General.36
10.2 Properties of inserts.36
10.3 Design of specific lifting application .37
11 Lifting and handling instructions.37
Annex A (informative) Provisions for testing of inserts for specific lifting and handling situations .39
Annex B (informative) Information to be given by the insert supplier.48
Bibliography .51

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 15728:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete
products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
To ensure the performance of the precast concrete products, lifting and handling should be taken into account in
the design of the product.
Inserts are used for lifting and handling of precast elements. They should meet an appropriate degree of reliability.
They should sustain all actions and influences likely to occur during execution and use.
This Technical Report deals with all lifting inserts cast into precast concrete elements i.e. lifting parts developed
and produced at the precasting plant as well as lifting inserts as part of a system supplied by a manufacturer of
lifting systems. The intent of this document is to give information to precast product designers.
The failure of inserts for lifting and handling could cause risk to human life and/or lead to considerable economic
consequences. Therefore inserts for lifting and handling should be selected and installed properly by skilled
personnel.
This Technical Report based on current practices gives recommendations for correct choice and design of lifting
inserts according to the lifting capacity of their part embedded in the concrete. It is based on EN 1992-1-1
(Eurocode 2) and on published supplier’s data.
In the Technical Report numerical values for partial safety factors are recommended as basic values that provide
an acceptable level of reliability. They have been selected assuming that an appropriate level of workmanship and
of quality management (Factory Production Control) applies. They may be applied in the absence of national
regulations.
1 Scope
1.1 Scope / General
This Technical Report provides recommendations for the choice and use of cast-in steel lifting inserts, hereafter
called 'inserts' for the handling of precast concrete elements. They are intended for use only during transient
situations for lifting and handling, and not for the service life of the structure. The choice of insert is made according
to the lifting capacity of their part embedded in the concrete, or may be limited by the capacity of the insert itself
and the corresponding key declared by the insert manufacturer. The report covers commonly used applications
(walls/beams/columns and solid slabs and pipes) and the range of these applications is further limited to prevent
other types of failure than concrete breakout failure (cone failure), failure of supplementary reinforcement or failure
in the steel insert. A basic supposition is that the concrete is demonstrably uncracked during all lifting situations.
The limitation in scope is used to obtain simple design models. Further information may be found in [1].
The recommended safety levels are intended for short-term-handling and transient situations.
This Technical Report applies only to precast concrete elements made of normal weight concrete and
manufactured in a factory environment and under a factory production control (FPC) system (in accordance with
EN 13369:2004, clause 6.3) covering the insert embedment.
This Technical Report does not cover :
 The design of the insert itself (for inserts manufactured by insert suppliers).
 The lifting key that hooks on to the embedded lifting insert as a component between the insert and the lifting
machinery (crane, excavator…), nor its compliance with the embedded insert. These components, when
brought to the market separately, are covered by the Machinery Directive (98/37/EC).
 Lifting inserts for permanent and repeated use.
This report is not an interpretation of the Machinery Directive.
1.2 Types of inserts for lifting and handling
This Technical Report applies to the embedment of lifting inserts made by the precaster for his own use as well as
lifting inserts forming part of lifting systems brought to the market by a lifting system supplier, see tables 8.3 and
8.6. Devices made by the precaster may consist of smooth bars, prestressing strands and steel wire ropes. The
system devices may be e.g. internal threaded inserts, flat steel inserts and headed inserts.
Lifting loops of ribbed bars are not covered, nor wire ropes of less than 6 mm.
1.3 Minimum dimensions
This Technical Report applies in general to inserts with a minimum nominal diameter of 6 mm or the corresponding
cross section. In general, the minimum anchorage depth should be l = 40 mm.
a
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 1990:2002, Eurocode — Basis of structural design.
EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1-1 : General rules and rules for buildings.
EN 10025-2:2004, Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy
structural steels.
)
EN 10138-3, Prestressing steels — Part 3 : Strand .
EN 12385-4:2002, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4 : Stranded ropes for general lifting applications.
EN 13369:2004, Common rules for precast concrete products.
EN 13414-1:2003, Steel wire rope slings — Safety — Part 1 : Slings for general lifting service.
CEN/TR 14862:2004, Precast concrete products — Full-scale testing requirements in standards on precast
concrete products.
3 Definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply.
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1
concrete breakout failure
concrete cone separated from the base material by loading the insert
3.1.2
concrete breakout resistance
the resistance corresponding to a concrete cone surrounding the insert or group of inserts separating from the
member
3.1.3
edge distance
the distance from the edge of the concrete surface to the centre of the nearest insert

)
Presently under preparation
3.1.4
anchorage length
for cast-in headed insert bolts and splayed inserts, the anchorage length, l , is illustrated in Figure 1
a
l = 1,25(L+ s− a)≤ L+ s l = 1,25(L+ s− a)≤ 0,85L+ s
a a
Figure 1 — Examples of anchorage length for different types of inserts
3.1.5
embedment depth
distance from the concrete surface to the farthest point of insert, measured perpendicular to the concrete surface
3.1.6
factory Production Control (FPC)
a quality system satisfying the requirements in EN 13369, clause 6.3
3.1.7
headed insert
a steel insert with a head for anchorage installed before placing concrete
3.1.8
insert
a steel unit cast into concrete and used for lifting of precast elements
3.1.9
insert loading
axial, shear or combined - Loads applied to the insert
3.1.10
insert resistance
load capacity (characteristic value) of the part of the insert embedded in the concrete (different from maximum
working load of the insert – see 3.1.13). In this report, the wording “characteristic resistance” is sometimes used
3.1.11
lifting key
lifting tool to couple to the embedded insert
3.1.12
lifting system
system of lifting key and appropriate insert
3.1.13
maximum working load
maximum load guaranteed by the supplier before steel failu
...