EN 60215:1989
(Main)Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment
Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment
Applies to radio transmitting equipment operating under the responsibility of skilled personnel and deals with protection against electric shock, skin burns, high temperature and fire, implosion and explosion, harmful radiation and miscellaneous hazards. Includes design and construction requirements and test methods to ensure -safety of personnel, when the equipment is operating under conditions of normal use and certain fault conditions, when carrying out adjustments, during fault finding, and repair of the equipment; -prevention of fire and its spread.
Sicherheitsbestimmung für Funksender
Règles de sécurité applicables aux matériels d'émission radioélectrique
S'applique aux matériels d'émission radioélectrique exploités sous la responsabilité d'un personnel qualifié et traite de la protection contre les chocs électriques, les brûlures, les températures élevées, le feu, les implosions et explosions, les rayonnements dangereux et les dangers divers. Comprend les règles de conception et de construction et des méthodes de mesure afin d'assurer: - la sécurité du personnel, lorsque le matériel fonctionne dans les conditions normales d'emploi, ainsi que certaines conditions de dérangement, lors des réglages, de la recherche de défauts et de réparation du matériel; - la prévention du feu et de sa propagation. Comprend les principaux chapitres de CEI 284
Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment (IEC 60215:1987)
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SLOVENSKI SIST EN 60215:2001
prva izdaja
STANDARD
december 2001
Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment (IEC 60215:1987)
ICS 33.060.20 Referenčna številka
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60215
Third edition
Safety requirements for radio transmitting
equipment
IEC 1987 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
T
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue
— 3 —
215©IEC1987
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 7
PREFACE 7
INTRODUCTION 9
Clause
1. Scope 9
2. Object 9
SECTION ONE — TERMINOLOGY
3. Definitions
SECTION Two — CONDITIONS OF NORMAL USE AND FAULT CONDITIONS
4. Introduction 13
5. Conditions of normal use
6. Fault conditions
SECTION THREE — COMPONENTS AND CONSTRUCTION
7. Introduction
Components 17
8.
9. Construction
10. Markings relevant to safety 21
SECTION FOUR — PROTECTION AGAINST HARMFUL ELECTRICAL SHOCK
AND RADIO-FREQUENCY SKIN BURNS
11. Introduction
Earthing 23
12.
Enclosures 23
13.
14. Mechanical considerations concerning safety devices
15. Wiring
16. Insulation
17. Voltages at the radio-frequency output connection
SECTION FIVE — HIGH TEMPERATURES, FIRE AND MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDS
Introduction 29
18.
19. High temperatures
20. Fire
21. Implosion and explosion
22. Harmful radiation
Dangerous materials 23.
24. Dangerous short-circuiting of low voltage supplies
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215©IEC1987
APPENDIX A — References to other publications 35
APPENDIX B — Clearances and creepage distances 37
APPENDIX C - Symbols 39
APPENDIX D — Guidance on assessing the competence of personnel for designation as skilled 43
APPENDIX
E — Guidance on safety precautions to be observed by personnel working on radio
transmitting equipment 45
215©IEC1987 — 7
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOR RADIO TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the I EC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all the National
1)
rnational consensus of opinion
Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an inte
on the subjects dealt with.
They have the form of recommendations for inte rnational use and they are accepted by the National Committees in that
2)
sense.
ational unification, the I EC expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt the text of
3) In order to promote inte rn
the I EC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any divergence between the I EC
recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
PREFACE
This standard has been prepared by Sub-Committee 12C: Transmitting Equipment, of I EC Technical
Committee No. 12: Radiocommunications.
This third edition replaces the second edition of I EC Publication 215 (1978).
The text of this standard is based upon the following documents:
Six Months' Rule Report on Voting
12C(CO)186 12C(CO)195
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting Report
indicated in the above table.
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215©IEC 1987
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOR RADIO TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT
INTRODUCTION
This third edition of safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment supersedes, and replaces in a
215 (1978) and 284 (1968).
single volume, two earlier IEC Publications:
The requirements and test methods in this standard are similar to those given in the second edition of
I E C Publication 215 and continue to apply only to radio transmitting equipment operating under the
responsibility of skilled personnel as defined in Sub-clause 3.1. The text of Appendix E is based on the
284, which has now been withdrawn.
contents of I EC Publication
ational bodies referred to in this standard
The titles of I EC publications and publications of other inte rn
are given in Appendix A.
1. Scope
This standard applies to radio transmitting equipment, including any auxiliary apparatus neces-
sary for its normal operation as defined in I EC Publication 244-1, operating under the responsi-
bility of skilled personnel. It applies to all radio transmitting equipment and ancillary apparatus,
associated feeder
including combining units and matching networks. Only the antenna system and
lines are excluded.
This standard does not apply to transmitters of safety-insulated construction using double insu-
lation or reinforced insulation and without provision for protective earthing.
This type of equipment is designated "Class II Equipment" in I EC Publication 536 and is usually
marked with the symbol shown in Sub-clause C2.2 of Appendix C.
2. Object
This standard deals with protection against:
— electric shock;
— skin burns;
— high temperature and fire;
—
implosion and explosion;
— harmful radiation;
—
miscellaneous hazards.
Design and construction requirements and, where appropriate, test methods are specified
covering:
a) the safety of skilled personnel when operating, carrying out routine adjustments to, and as far as
practicable, during fault finding and repairing the equipment;
b) the safety of personnel, including unskilled personnel directed by skilled personnel, when the
equipment is operating normally, and also when operating under certain specific fault conditions
which may arise in normal use;
c)
the prevention of fire and its spread.
These requirements do not necessarily ensure the safety of unskilled personnel working on the
equipment when it is not in normal operation.
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215©IEC1987
Tests are specified, where appropriate, for checking that the equipment meets the safety require-
ments of this standard when operating normally and also under the specified fault conditions. The
tests should be carried out on a representative set of equipment in order to determine whether the
design meets the requirements of this standard. The tests are neither mandatory nor limiting and
may be modified by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser.
The use of this standard is not, however, intended to be restricted to type tests. It may also be used
for acceptance tests after installation of the equipment, for tests after modifications to pa rts of the
equipment, and for tests at appropriate intervals to ensure the continuing safety of the equipment
throughout its life.
SECTION ONE — TERMINOLOGY
3. Definitions
The following definitions apply for the purpose of this standard.
Skilled personnel
3.1
Personnel are considered to be skilled if they have the necessary knowledge and practical
rise
ng to appreciate the various hazards that can a
experience of electrical and radio enginee ri
from working on radio transmitters, and to take appropriate precautions to ensure the safety of
personnel.
Guidance on assessing the competence of personnel for designation as skilled is given in Appen-
dix D.
The above definition and the guidance in Appendix D detail the minimum requirements for a skilled person. In
Note. —
countries more stringent requirements for qualifications, training and experience are stipulated, with formal
some
certification.
3.2 Electrically safe
is electrically safe if it cannot cause a harmful electric shock or radio-frequency skin-
A part
burn.
The conditions for a part to be electrically safe are:
either
and earth, and also between the pa rt and any other accessible part,
a) The voltage between the pa rt
does not exceed 72 V peak when measured with an instrument having an internal resistance of
not less than 101(51 per volt;
or
b) the voltage exceeds 72 V peak, but the following limits with regard to both current and capacity
apply:
Current limits
Frequency Current limit
d.c. 2 mA
< 0.7 mA (peak)
1 kHz
1 kHz to 100 kHz 0.7 f mA (peak)
70 mA (peak)
> 100 kHz
rt
Where the current is measured in a non-inductive resistor of 2142 connected between the pa
—
f rtz.
concerned and earth or any other accessible pa rt ; and where is the frequency in kilohe
215 © IEC 1987 — 13 —
Capacitance limits
Voltage range
(U) Capacity limit
(Peak value)
(V) (of)
72 to 450 0.1
450 to 15 000 45/U
> 15 000 675 000/U
—
Where the indicated limit which is the capacity between the pa rt and earth, or any other
accessible part, and the peak voltage
(U) is measured in volts with an instrument having an
internal resistance of not less than 10 kS2 per volt.
Note. —
Further information on the effects of a current passing through the human body is given in Sub-clause E2, of
Appendix E.
3.3 Creepage distance in air
Denotes the shortest distance, measured in air over the surface of the insulation, between two
conductive parts.
3.4 Clearance in air
Denotes the shortest distance, measured in air, between two conductive pa
rts.
3.5 By hand
Denotes that the operation does not require the use of a tool, coin or any other object.
3.6 Accessible part
A part
is accessible if it can be touched by either of the standard test fingers described in I E C
Publication 529, when applied in any direction with a force not exceeding 50 N.
In addition, to guard against flashover, any pa rt
carrying a voltage is regarded as accessible if its
distance to the test finger is less than the clearances given in Appendix B.
3.7 Enclosure
Denotes a space in which items of equipment that might be dangerous are located and access to
which is prevented except by routes specially provided, for example, a door or a removable cover
plate.
3.8 Safety device
Denotes any pa rt
or component provided for the purpose of protecting personnel from possible
injury.
SECTION TWO — CONDITIONS OF NORMAL USE
AND FAULT CONDITIONS
4. Introduction
This section sets out the range of conditions of normal use and the fault conditions under which
the equipment may operate without danger to personnel, including unskilled personnel directed by
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215©IEC1987
skilled personnel. The equipment shall meet the safety requirements of this standard when oper-
ating under the conditions of normal use given in Clause 5 and also when any of the initial fault
conditions detailed in Clause 6 have been applied.
5. Conditions of normal use
The ambient atmospheric conditions for the equipment are within the following range:
a)
— temperature: +5 °C to +45 °C;
relative humidity: 45% to 75%;
— air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa (kN/m2),
(860 mbar to 1 060 mbar);
or within more stringent conditions agreed between manufacturer and purchaser.
b)
The supply voltage and frequency are within the range for which the equipment has been
designed.
c) For a.c. equipment, the waveform of the supply voltage is substantially sinusoidal. (See Clause 5
of I EC Publication 244-1 for the definition of "substantially sinusoidal").
d) For equipment which may be operated from a.c. or d.c., either supply is applied separately.
e) The safety earth terminals or contacts, if any, are connected to earth (see Sub-clause 12.1). Any
other earth terminals shall also be connected to earth, unless the terminals are designed to be
tightened by hand; in which case, they are left unconnected.
f) The access doors and cover plates or other protective covers, if any, are closed or fixed in
position, unless they are designed to be opened or removed by hand; in which case they are left
open or removed.
g) The equipment is operating in any position for which it has been designed to be used.
h) The equipment has its accessible controls at any setting.
The equipment is operating with any input signal condition given in the equipment specifica-
i)
tion.
6. Fault conditions
Operating under fault conditions denotes that, with the equipment operating under the condi-
tions of normal use given in Clause 5, one of the faults a) to h) listed below, is present together with
any associated consequential faults arising. The initial faults shall be applied separately, in tu rn, in
any convenient order.
circuits across creepage distances, if they are less than the values given in Appendix B,
a) Short
unless the insulation complies with the provision of Clause 16.
Sho circuits across clearances in air, if they are less than the values given in Appendix B.
b) rt
c) A potentially dangerous failure of any component as determined from inspecting the equipment
and studying the circuit diagram, unless the component is known to comply with an I EC test
recommendation appropriate to the conditions of use in the equipment.
d) Connection of any unfavourable impedance to the radio-frequency output connection, including
open circuits and short circuits.
215©IEC1987 — 17 —
e) Failure of any cooling system.
f)
Continuous operation of motors, intended for intermittent operation, unless protection against
this is included in the equipment.
g) Locking of moving parts in rotating or linear operating devices, if these pa rts can be jammed by
mechanical failure.
h) The loss of a phase on a three-phase supply.
SECTION THREE — COMPONENTS AND CONSTRUCTION
oduction
7. Intr
The purpose of this section is to ensure that the equipment is designed and constructed to ensure
safety of personnel throughout the life of the equipment.
Where no test method is given, compliance shall be checked by visual inspection and where
appropriate by a functional test.
Components
8.
8.1 General requirements
Components shall not be loaded in excess of their ratings under normal conditions nor, as far as
practicable, under fault conditions. Normal and fault conditions are detailed in Clauses 5 and 6.
Components which are known to comply with an I EC test recommendation appropriate to the
conditions of use in the equipment need not be tested.
When this is not so, the components may be tested either in the equipment or externally under
conditions equivalent to those applying in the transmitter. The number of compo
...
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