IEC PAS 62282-6-150:2011

Fuel cell technologies - Part 6-150: Micro fuel cell power systems - Safety - Water reactive (UN Devision 4.3) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cells

IEC/PAS 62282-6-150:2011(E) covers micro fuel cell power systems using hydrogen produced from the reaction of an aqueous solution with solid UN Division 4.3 (water-reactive) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cell systems that are wearable or easily carried by hand, providing d.c. outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed 240 VA.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 20-Apr-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 14-May-2023
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: TC 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: WG 402 - TC 105/WG 402
• Current Stage: WPUB - Publication withdrawn
• Start Date: 15-May-2023
• Completion Date: 15-May-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/PAS 62282-6-150
®

Edition 1.0 2011-04
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE
SPECIFICATION
PRE-STANDARD
colour
inside

Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-150: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety – Water reactive (UN Division
4.3) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cells



IEC/PAS 62282-6-150:2011(E)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2011 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland


All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.iec.ch

About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
 Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
 IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
 Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
 Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: [e-mail]
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC/PAS 62282-6-150
®

Edition 1.0 2011-04
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE
SPECIFICATION

PRE-STANDARD
colour
inside

Fuel cell technologies –
Part 6-150: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety – Water reactive (UN Division
4.3) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cells


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XC
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-88912-470-1

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
1.1 General . 7
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered . 7
1.3 Equivalent level of safety. 9
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Materials and construction of micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 16
4.1 General . 16
4.2 FMEA / hazard analysis . 16
4.3 General materials . 17
4.4 Selection of materials . 17
4.5 General construction . 18
4.6 Fuel valves . 18
4.7 Materials and construction – system . 18
4.8 Ignition sources . 19
4.9 Enclosures and acceptance strategies. 19
4.9.1 Parts requiring a fire enclosure . 19
4.9.2 Parts not requiring a fire enclosure . 20
4.9.3 Materials for components and other parts outside fire enclosures . 21
4.9.4 Materials for components and other parts inside fire enclosures . 22
4.9.5 Mechanical enclosures . 23
4.10 Protection against fire, explosion, corrosivity and toxicity hazard . 23
4.11 Protection against electrical hazards . 24
4.12 Fuel supply construction . 24
4.12.1 Fuel cartridge construction . 24
4.12.2 Fuel cartridge fill requirement . 25
4.13 Protection against mechanical hazards . 25
4.13.1 Piping and tubing other than fuel or hydrogen lines . 25
4.13.2 Exterior surface and component temperature limits . 26
4.13.3 Motors . 26
4.14 Construction of electric device components . 27
4.14.1 Limited power sources . 27
4.14.2 Devices that use electronic controllers . 28
4.14.3 Electrical conductors/wiring . 28
4.14.4 Output terminal area . 29
4.14.5 Electric components and attachments . 29
4.14.6 Protection . 29
5 Abnormal operating and fault conditions testing and requirements . 29
5.1 General . 29
5.2 Compliance testing . 30
5.3 Passing criteria . 30
5.4 Simulated faults and abnormal conditions for limited power and SELV circuits . 31
5.5 Abnormal operation – electromechanical components . 31
5.6 Abnormal operation of micro fuel cell power systems or units with integrated
batteries . 31

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E) – 3 –
5.7 Abnormal operation – simulation of faults based on hazard analysis. 32
6 Instructions and warnings for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power
units and fuel cartridges . 32
6.1 General . 32
6.2 Minimum markings required on the fuel cartridge . 32
6.3 Minimum markings required on the micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel
cell power unit . 33
6.4 Additional information required either on the fuel cartridge or on
accompanying written information or on the micro fuel cell power system or
micro fuel cell power unit . 33
6.5 Technical documentation . 34
7 Type tests for micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges . 34
7.1 General . 34
7.2 Leakage, hydrogen leakage, and hydrogen gas loss, and hydrogen emission
measurement and the measuring procedures . 36
7.2.1 Leakage test and measuring procedure . 36
7.2.2 Hydrogen leakage measurement from fuel cartridges and/or fuel
management systems and measuring procedure . 36
7.2.3 Hydrogen gas loss measurements from micro fuel cell power systems
and micro fuel cell power units and measuring procedures . 37
7.3 Type tests . 44
7.3.1 Pressure differential tests . 44
7.3.2 Vibration test . 48
7.3.3 Temperature cycling test . 49
7.3.4 High temperature exposure test . 50
7.3.5 Drop test . 51
7.3.6 Compressive loading test . 51
7.3.7 External short-circuit test . 52
7.3.8 Surface, component and exhaust gas temperature test . 53
7.3.9 Long-term storage test . 54
7.3.10 High temperature connection test . 58
7.3.11 Connection cycling tests . 59
7.3.12 Emission test . 65
7.3.13 Hydrogen point source gas loss detection test . 74
Bibliography . 77

Figure 1.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for UN Division 4.3 (water
reactive) compound fuel in indirect PEM fuel cell system; fuel management system in
micro fuel cell power unit . 8
Figure 1.2 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for UN Division 4.3 (water
reactive) compound fuel in indirect PEM fuel cell system; fuel management system in
fuel cartridge . 9
Figure 2 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for pressure differential, vibration,
drop, and compressive loading tests . 38
Figure 3 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for temperature cycling test and high
temperature exposure test . 39
Figure 4 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for vibration, temperature cycling, drop and
compressive loading tests . 40

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E)
Figure 5 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for external short-circuit test . 41
Figure 6 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 68 kPa low external pressure test . 42
Figure 7 – Micro fuel cell power system or micro fuel cell power unit leakage and
hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for 11,6 kPa low external pressure test . 43
Figure 8 – Temperature cycling . 50
Figure 9 – Fuel cartridge leakage and hydrogen gas loss test flow chart for long-term
storage test. . 58
Figure 10 – Operational emission rate testing apparatus . 65
Figure 11 – Operational emission concentration testing apparatus . 66
Figure 12 – Hydrogen emission test procedure for operating micro fuel cell power
system . 73
Figure 13 – Fuel cartridge leakage test flow chart for low external pressure test . 74

Table 1 – Summary of material flammability requirements. 21
Table 2 – Temperature limits . 26
Table 3 – Limits for inherently limited power sources . 27
Table 4 – Limits for power sources not inherently limited (over-current protection
required) . 27
Table 5 – List of type tests . 35
Table 6 – Laboratory standard conditions . 36
Table 7 – Emission limits . 72

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 6-150: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety –
Water reactive (UN Division 4.3) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cells


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
A PAS is a technical specification not fulfilling the requirements for a standard, but made
available to the public.
IEC-PAS 62282-6-150 has been processed by IEC technical committee 105: Fuel cell
technologies.
The text of this PAS is based on the This PAS was approved for
following document: publication by the P-members of the
committee concerned as indicated in
the following document
Draft PAS Report on voting
105/309/PAS 105/321/RVD

Following publication of this PAS, which is a pre-standard publication, the technical committee
or subcommittee concerned may transform it into an International Standard.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E)
This PAS shall remain valid for an initial maximum period of 3 years starting from the
publication date. The validity may be extended for a single period up to a maximum of 3 years,
at the end of which it shall be published as another type of normative document, or shall be
withdrawn.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E) – 7 –
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 6-150: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety –
Water reactive (UN Division 4.3) compounds in indirect PEM fuel cells



1 Scope
1.1 General
a) This consumer safety PAS covers micro fuel cell power systems using hydrogen produced
from the reaction of an aqueous solution with solid UN Division 4.3 (water-reactive)
compounds in indirect PEM fuel cell systems that are wearable or easily carried by hand,
providing d.c. outputs that do not exceed 60 V d.c. and power outputs that do not exceed
240 VA. Portable fuel cell power systems that provide output levels that exceed these
electrical limits are covered by IEC 62282-5-1.
b) Externally accessible circuitry is therefore considered to be safety extra low voltage
(SELV) circuitry as defined in IEC 60950-1:2005, and as limited power circuits if further
compliance with 2.5 of IEC 60950-1:2005 is demonstrated. Micro fuel cell power systems
or units that have internal circuitry exceeding 60 V d.c. or 240 VA should be appropriately
evaluated in accordance with the separate criteria of IEC 60950-1:2005.
c) This consumer safety PAS establishes requirements for micro fuel cell power systems,
micro fuel cell power units and fuel cartridges using hydrogen produced from the reaction
of an aqueous solution with solid UN Division 4.3 (water-reactive) compounds for use in
indirect PEM fuel cell systems to ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use,
reasonably foreseeable misuse, and consumer transportation of such items. The fuel
cartridges covered by this PAS are not intended to be refilled by the consumer. Fuel
cartridges refilled by the manufacturer or by trained technicians shall meet all
requirements of this PAS.
d) These products are not intended for use in hazardous areas as defined by IEV 426-03-01.
1.2 Fuels and technologies covered
a) This PAS covers micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges using hydrogen produced from the reaction of an aqueous solution with solid
UN Division 4.3 (water reactive) solid compounds as fuel. These systems and units use
polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell technologies. The designs may include fuel
processing subsystems to derive hydrogen gas from the water-reactive solid fuel.
b) Micro fuel cell power system block diagrams for covered systems are shown in Figures 1.1
and 1.2.
c) All portions of this PAS apply to micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units
and fuel cartridges as defined in 1.1 above.
Clauses 1 through 7 of this PAS parallel the general safety requirements given in
IEC 62282-6-100, considered relevant to micro fuel cell systems of all types and further
includes requirements specific to water reactive solid fuels as included in Annex F of
IEC 62282-6-100:2010.

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E)






Thermal
Heat
Total control

management
Out
system
Internal power needs
(optional)


Primary battery
Fuel supply
Fuel processing
Fuel
Fuel processing interface (optional)
subsystem
subsystem management
Mechanical
System
& signal
Mechanical &
interface
Fuel cell
Liquid
signal
Solid
or
fuel Power
interface
water-
micro fuel cell
com- conditioning
reactive
module
ponent

fuel Power

output
Air
management
Rechargeable
Waste product
System
battery or

Waste product
capacitor
cartridge (optional)
(optional)
Water and/or

Liquid
Waste product
waste product
Liquid
mixture/

management
mixture/
water

water
cartridge
cartridge
(optiona)
Micro fuel cell power unit
(optional)
Fuel cartridge


Micro fuel cell power system


Air
Waste products


Figure 1.1 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for UN Division 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect PEM fuel cell system –
Fuel management system in micro fuel cell power unit

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E) – 9 –





Thermal

Total control
management

system
Heat
Internal power needs  Out
(optional)

Fuel supply
Primary battery
Fuel processing
interface
Fuel processing
(optional)
subsystem

subsystem

Fuel
Mechanical
Mechanical &
management & signal
signal

interface
Liquid Solid interface System Fuel cell

or
fuel water-
Power
micro fuel cell
com- reactive
conditioning
module
ponent fuel


Power
output
Air
Waste product
Rechargeable
management

battery or
System
Waste product
capacitor
cartridge (optional)
(optional)

Water and/or
Liquid
waste product
Liquid
mixture/
management
mixture/
water

water
cartridge
cartridge
(optiona)
(optional)
Fuel cartridge

Micro fuel cell power unit

Micro fuel cell power system

Air
Waste Products


Figure 1.2 – Micro fuel cell power system block diagram for UN Division 4.3
(water reactive) compound fuel in indirect PEM fuel cell system –
Fuel management system in fuel cartridge
1.3 Equivalent level of safety
a) The requirements of this PAS are not intended to constrain innovation. The manufacturer
may consider fuels, materials, designs or constructions not specifically dealt with in this
PAS. These alternatives should be evaluated as to their ability to yield levels of safety
equivalent to those prescribed by this PAS.
b) It is understood that all micro fuel cell power systems, micro fuel cell power units and fuel
cartridges shall comply with applicable country and local requirements including, but not
limited to, those concerning transportation, child-resistance and storage, where required.

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-426:2008, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 426: Equipment for
explosive atmospheres
IEC 60079-15, Explosive atmospheres – Part 15: Equipment protection by type of protection
"n"
IEC 60086-4, Primary batteries – Part 4: Safety of lithium batteriesIEC 60086-5, Primary
batteries – Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte
IEC 60695-1-10: Fire hazard testing – Part 1-10: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products – General guidelines
IEC 60695-1-11: Fire hazard testing – Part 1-11: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products – Fire hazard assessment
IEC 60695-2-11, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products
IEC 60695-11-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and vertical
flame test methods
IEC 60730-1:2010, Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use – Part 1:
General requirements
IEC 60950-1:2005, Information technology equipment – Safety – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61032, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures – Probes for verification
IEC 62133, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them,
for use in portable applications
IEC 62281, Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport
ISO 175, Plastics – Methods of test for the determination of the effects of immersion in liquid
chemicals
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized – Determination of the effect of liquids
ISO 9772, Cellular plastics – Determination of horizontal burning characteristics of small
specimens subjected to a small flame
ISO 15649, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Piping
ISO 16000-3, Indoor air – Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl
compounds – Active sampling method

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
PAS 62282-6-150  IEC:2011(E) – 11 –
ISO 16000-6, Indoor air – Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and
test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas
chromatography using MS/FID
ISO 16017-1, Indoor, ambient and workplace air – Sampling and analysis of volatile organic
compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography – Part
...