IEC 60228:2023
(Main)Conductors of insulated cables
Conductors of insulated cables
IEC 60228:2023 specifies the nominal cross-sectional areas, in the range 0,5 mm2 to 3 500 mm2, for conductors in electric power cables and cords of a wide range of types. Requirements for numbers and sizes of wires and resistance values are also included. These conductors include solid, stranded and Milliken, copper, aluminium and aluminium alloy conductors in cables for fixed installations and flexible copper conductors. This document does not apply to conductors for telecommunication purposes. The applicability of this document to a particular type of cable is as specified in the standard for the type of cable. Unless specified otherwise in a particular clause, IEC 60028 ED4 relates to the conductors in the finished cable and not to the conductor as made or supplied for inclusion into a cable. Conductors described in this document are specified in metric sizes. Informative annexes provide supplementary information covering temperature correction factors for resistance measurement (Annex B) and guidance on dimensional limits of circular conductors (Annex C). This document has the status of a horizontal publication in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
Ames des câbles isolés
L'IEC 60228:2023 spécifie les sections nominales, dans la plage de 0,5 mm2 à 3 500 mm2, des âmes d’un large éventail de types de câbles et de cordons électriques. Des exigences relatives au nombre et au diamètre des fils sont également spécifiées, ainsi que des valeurs de résistance. Les âmes concernées sont les âmes massives, câblées et segmentées, en cuivre, aluminium et alliage d’aluminium, destinées aux câbles pour installations fixes, ainsi que les âmes souples en cuivre. Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux âmes utilisées à des fins de télécommunication. L’applicabilité du présent document à un type de câble particulier est précisée dans la norme relative à ce type de câble. Sauf indication contraire dans un article particulier, le présent document porte sur les âmes des câbles terminés, et non sur les âmes seules ou fournies en vue d’une intégration dans un câble. Les âmes décrites dans le présent document sont spécifiées en tailles métriques. Des annexes informatives donnent des informations complémentaires sur les facteurs de correction de température à utiliser pour les mesures de résistance (Annexe B) et des recommandations sur les limites dimensionnelles des âmes circulaires (Annexe C).
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IEC 60228 ®
Edition 4.0 2023-12
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Conductors of insulated cables
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IEC 60228 ®
Edition 4.0 2023-12
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Conductors of insulated cables
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-8003-4
– 2 – IEC 60228:2023 CMV IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .4
INTRODUCTION .7
1 Scope .8
2 Normative references .8
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Classification .9
5 Materials.9
5.1 Introduction General .9
5.2 Circular and shaped solid aluminium conductors .9
5.3 Circular and shaped stranded aluminium conductors . 10
6 Solid conductors and stranded conductors . 10
6.1 Solid conductors (class 1) . 10
6.1.1 Construction . 10
6.1.2 Resistance . 10
6.2 Stranded circular non-compacted conductors (class 2) . 10
6.2.1 Construction . 10
6.2.2 Resistance . 11
6.3 Stranded compacted circular conductors and stranded shaped conductors
(class 2) . 11
6.3.1 Construction . 11
6.3.2 Resistance . 11
6.4 Milliken conductors (class 2) . 11
6.4.1 Construction . 11
6.4.2 Resistance . 11
7 Flexible conductors (classes 5 and 6) . 11
7.1 Construction . 11
7.2 Resistance . 12
8 Check of compliance with Clause 6 and Clause 7 . 12
Annex A (normative) Measurement of resistance . 17
Annex B (informative) Exact formulae for the temperature correction factors . 19
Annex C (informative) Guidance on the dimensional limits of circular conductors . 20
C.1 Object Purpose . 20
C.2 Dimensional limits for circular copper conductors . 20
C.3 Dimensional limits for stranded compacted circular copper, aluminium and
aluminium alloy conductors . 20
C.4 Dimensional limits for circular solid aluminium conductors . 20
Bibliography . 24
List of comments . 25
Table 1 – Tensile strength limits for circular and shaped solid aluminium conductors.9
Table 2 – Tensile strength limits for circular and shaped stranded aluminium
conductors . 10
Table 3 – Class 1 solid conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 13
Table 4 – Class 2 stranded conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 14
Table 5 – Class 5 flexible copper conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 15
Table 6 – Class 6 flexible copper conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 16
Table A.1 – Temperature correction factors k for conductor resistance to correct the
t
measured resistance at t °C to 20 °C . 18
Table C.1 – Maximum diameters of solid, non-compacted stranded and flexible circular
copper conductors . 21
Table C.2 – Minimum and maximum diameters of stranded compacted circular copper,
aluminium and aluminium alloy conductors. 22
Table C.3 – Minimum and maximum diameters of solid circular aluminium conductors . 23
– 4 – IEC 60228:2023 CMV IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CONDUCTORS OF INSULATED CABLES
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
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This commented version (CMV) of the official standard IEC 60228:2023 edition 4.0 allows
the user to identify the changes made to the previous IEC 60228:2004 edition 3.0.
Furthermore, comments from IEC TC 20 experts are provided to explain the reasons of
the most relevant changes, or to clarify any part of the content.
A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change has been made. Additions are in
green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text. Experts' comments are identified by a
blue-background number. Mouse over a number to display a pop-up note with the
comment.
This publication contains the CMV and the official standard. The full list of comments is
available at the end of the CMV.
IEC 60228 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric cables. It is an
International Standard.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2004. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) a description of Milliken conductors has been added;
b) nominal cross-sectional areas above 2 500 mm have been added;
c) the old 2 500 mm aluminium resistance value has been corrected and a new value
introduced.
For legacy systems where the 2 500 mm aluminium conductor was designed taking into
account the value presented in previous editions and no longer tabulated, then the original
design can be maintained and still utilized.
The suppliers can furthermore utilize such superseded design of 2 500 mm aluminium
conductors either in systems already designed and qualified but not delivered or for example
to produce repair and additional spare lengths for delivered systems.
The choice of utilizing the original superseded design of 2 500 mm aluminium conductors
or a new one based on the new resistance tabulated value is a matter of agreement b
...
IEC 60228 ®
Edition 4.0 2023-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Conductors of insulated cables
Ames des câbles isolés
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
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variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always have
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
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The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and once
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
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IEC 60228 ®
Edition 4.0 2023-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Conductors of insulated cables
Ames des câbles isolés
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-7808-6
– 2 – IEC 60228:2023 IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Classification . 8
5 Materials . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Circular and shaped solid aluminium conductors . 8
5.3 Circular and shaped stranded aluminium conductors . 9
6 Solid conductors and stranded conductors . 9
6.1 Solid conductors (class 1) . 9
6.1.1 Construction . 9
6.1.2 Resistance . 9
6.2 Stranded circular non-compacted conductors (class 2) . 9
6.2.1 Construction . 9
6.2.2 Resistance . 10
6.3 Stranded compacted circular conductors and stranded shaped conductors
(class 2) . 10
6.3.1 Construction . 10
6.3.2 Resistance . 10
6.4 Milliken conductors (class 2) . 10
6.4.1 Construction . 10
6.4.2 Resistance . 10
7 Flexible conductors (classes 5 and 6) . 10
7.1 Construction . 10
7.2 Resistance . 11
8 Check of compliance with Clause 6 and Clause 7 . 11
Annex A (normative) Measurement of resistance . 16
Annex B (informative) Exact formulae for the temperature correction factors . 18
Annex C (informative) Guidance on the dimensional limits of circular conductors . 19
C.1 Purpose . 19
C.2 Dimensional limits for circular copper conductors . 19
C.3 Dimensional limits for stranded compacted circular copper, aluminium and
aluminium alloy conductors . 19
C.4 Dimensional limits for circular solid aluminium conductors . 19
Bibliography . 23
Table 1 – Tensile strength limits for circular and shaped solid aluminium conductors . 8
Table 2 – Tensile strength limits for circular and shaped stranded aluminium
conductors . 9
Table 3 – Class 1 solid conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 12
Table 4 – Class 2 stranded conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 13
Table 5 – Class 5 flexible copper conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 14
Table 6 – Class 6 flexible copper conductors for single-core and multi-core cables . 15
Table A.1 – Temperature correction factors k for conductor resistance to correct the
t
measured resistance at t °C to 20 °C . 17
Table C.1 – Maximum diameters of solid, non-compacted stranded and flexible circular
copper conductors . 20
Table C.2 – Minimum and maximum diameters of stranded compacted circular copper,
aluminium and aluminium alloy conductors . 21
Table C.3 – Minimum and maximum diameters of solid circular aluminium conductors . 22
– 4 – IEC 60228:2023 IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CONDUCTORS OF INSULATED CABLES
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draw
...
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