IEC 61803:2020
(Main)Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations with line-commutated converters
Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations with line-commutated converters
IEC 61803:2020 is available as IEC 61803:2020 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61803:2020 applies to all line-commutated high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations used for power exchange (power transmission or back-to-back installation) in utility systems. This document presumes the use of 12-pulse thyristor converters but can, with due care, also be used for 6-pulse thyristor converters. In some applications, synchronous compensators or static var compensators (SVC) may be connected to the AC bus of the HVDC converter station. The loss determination procedures for such equipment are not included in this document. This document presents a set of standard procedures for determining the total losses of an HVDC converter station. The procedures cover all parts, except as noted above, and address no-load operation and operating losses together with their methods of calculation which use, wherever possible, measured parameters. Converter station designs employing novel components or circuit configurations compared to the typical design assumed in this document, or designs equipped with unusual auxiliary circuits that could affect the losses, are assessed on their own merits. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- to facilitate the application of this document and to ensure its quality remains consistent, 5.1.8 and 5.8 have been reviewed, taking into consideration that the present thyristor production technology provides considerably less thyristor parameters dispersion comparing with the situation in 1999 when the first edition of IEC 61803 was developed, and therefore the production records of thyristors can be used for the power losses calculation;
- the calculation of the total station load losses (cases D1 and D2 in Annex C) has been corrected.
Détermination des pertes en puissance dans les postes de conversion en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT) munis de convertisseurs commutés par la ligne
IEC 61803:2020 est disponible sous forme de IEC 61803:2020 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.L'IEC 61803:2020 s'applique à tous les postes de conversion en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT), commutés par la ligne, et utilisés pour l'échange de puissance (transmission de puissance ou installation dos à dos) dans des systèmes de distribution d'énergie. Le présent document présuppose l'utilisation de convertisseurs à thyristors à 12 impulsions mais peut également, en prenant les précautions appropriées, s'appliquer à des convertisseurs à thyristors à 6 impulsions. Dans certaines applications, il est admis de connecter des compensateurs synchrones ou des compensateurs var statiques (CVS) au nœud à courant alternatif du poste de conversion en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT). Les procédures de détermination de pertes pour ce type de matériel ne figurent pas dans le présent document. Le présent document décrit un ensemble de procédures types permettant de déterminer l'ensemble des pertes d'un poste de conversion à CCHT. Les procédures s’appliquent à toutes les pièces, à l'exception de celles susmentionnées, et considèrent les pertes en fonctionnement à vide et les pertes en fonctionnement ainsi que leurs méthodes de calcul utilisant, dans la mesure du possible, des paramètres mesurés. Les conceptions de poste de conversion utilisant des composants ou des configurations de circuit originaux par rapport à la conception type prise pour hypothèse dans le présent document, ou des conceptions équipées de circuits de distribution d'énergie auxiliaires inhabituels susceptibles de modifier les pertes, sont évaluées selon leurs propres mérites. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- en vue de faciliter l’application de la norme sans en détériorer la qualité, 5.1.8 et 5.8 ont été revus en tenant compte du fait que la technologie de production de thyristors actuelle occasionne considérablement moins de dispersion dans ses paramètres par rapport à la situation de 1999, lorsque la première édition de l'IEC 61803 a été élaborée. Ainsi, les données enregistrées de production de thyristors peuvent être utilisées pour les calculs de pertes de puissance;
- le calcul des pertes de charge au poste totales (cas D1 et D2 à l’Annexe C) a été corrigé.
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IEC 61803 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-10
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter
stations with line-commutated converters
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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IEC 61803 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-10
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter
stations with line-commutated converters
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-8970-9
– 2 – IEC 61803:2020 RLV © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols. 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
4 Overview . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Ambient conditions. 9
4.2.1 General . 9
4.2.2 Outdoor standard reference temperature . 9
4.2.3 Coolant standard reference temperature . 10
4.2.4 Standard reference air pressure . 10
4.3 Operating parameters . 10
5 Determination of equipment losses . 11
5.1 Thyristor valve losses . 11
5.1.1 General . 11
5.1.2 Thyristor conduction loss per valve . 11
5.1.3 Thyristor spreading loss per valve . 12
5.1.4 Other conduction losses per valve . 13
5.1.5 DC voltage-dependent loss per valve . 13
5.1.6 Damping loss per valve (resistor-dependent term) . 14
5.1.7 Damping loss per valve (change of capacitor energy term) . 15
5.1.8 Turn-off losses per valve . 15
5.1.9 Reactor loss per valve . 16
5.1.10 Total valve losses . 16
5.1.11 Temperature effects. 16
5.1.12 No-load operation loss per valve . 17
5.2 Converter transformer losses . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 No-load operation losses . 17
5.2.3 Operating losses. 17
5.2.4 Auxiliary power losses . 19
5.3 AC filter losses . 19
5.3.1 General . 19
5.3.2 AC filter capacitor losses . 19
5.3.3 AC filter reactor losses . 20
5.3.4 AC filter resistor losses . 20
5.3.5 Total AC filter losses . 20
5.4 Shunt capacitor bank losses . 20
5.5 Shunt reactor losses . 21
5.6 DC smoothing reactor losses . 21
5.7 DC filter losses . 22
5.7.1 General . 22
5.7.2 DC filter capacitor losses . 22
5.7.3 DC filter reactor losses . 22
5.7.4 DC filter resistor losses . 23
5.7.5 Total DC filter losses . 23
5.8 Auxiliaries and station service losses . 23
5.9 Radio interference/PLC Series filter losses . 24
5.10 Other equipment losses . 25
Annex A (normative informativee) Calculation of harmonic currents and voltages . 31
A.1 Harmonic currents in converter transformers . 31
A.2 Harmonic currents in the AC filters . 31
A.3 Harmonic voltages on the DC side . 32
A.4 DC side harmonic currents in the smoothing reactor . 32
Annex B (informative) Typical station losses . 33
Annex C (informative) HVDC converter station loss evaluation – An illustration . 34
C.1 General . 34
C.2 Loss evaluation under various cases . 35
Bibliography . 37
Figure 1 – Typical high-voltage direct current (HVDC) equipment for one pole (auxiliary
equipment is not shown) . 26
Figure 2 – Simplified three-phase diagram of an HVDC 12-pulse converter . 27
Figure 3 – Simplified equivalent circuit of a typical thyristor valve . 27
Figure 4 – Current and voltage waveforms of a valve operating in a 12-pulse converter
(commutation overshoots are not shown) . 28
Figure 5 – Thyristor on-state characteristic . 29
Figure 6 – Conduction current and voltage drop . 29
Figure 7 – Distribution of commutating inductance between L and L . 30
1 2
Figure 8 – Thyristor current during reverse recovery . 30
Table B.1 – Typical values of losses . 33
Table C.1 – Conditions for calculation of losses in case D1 . 36
Table C.2 – Conditions for calculation of losses in Case D2. . 36
– 4 – IEC 61803:2020 RLV © IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DETERMINATION OF POWER LOSSES IN HIGH-VOLTAGE
DIRECT CURRENT (HVDC) CONVERTER STATIONS WITH
LINE-COMMUTATED CONVERTERS
FOREWORD
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IEC 61803 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter
stations with line-commutated converters
Détermination des pertes en puissance dans les postes de conversion
en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT) munis de convertisseurs commutés
par la ligne
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
and withdrawn publications. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
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once a month by email. French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or CISPR.
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
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IEC 61803 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Determination of power losses in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter
stations with line-commutated converters
Détermination des pertes en puissance dans les postes de conversion
en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT) munis de convertisseurs commutés
par la ligne
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-8948-8
– 2 – IEC 61803:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols. 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
4 Overview . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Ambient conditions. 9
4.2.1 General . 9
4.2.2 Outdoor standard reference temperature . 9
4.2.3 Coolant standard reference temperature . 9
4.2.4 Standard reference air pressure . 10
4.3 Operating parameters . 10
5 Determination of equipment losses . 10
5.1 Thyristor valve losses . 10
5.1.1 General . 10
5.1.2 Thyristor conduction loss per valve . 11
5.1.3 Thyristor spreading loss per valve . 12
5.1.4 Other conduction losses per valve . 12
5.1.5 DC voltage-dependent loss per valve . 13
5.1.6 Damping loss per valve (resistor-dependent term) . 14
5.1.7 Damping loss per valve (change of capacitor energy term) . 14
5.1.8 Turn-off losses per valve . 15
5.1.9 Reactor loss per valve . 15
5.1.10 Total valve losses . 16
5.1.11 Temperature effects. 16
5.1.12 No-load operation loss per valve . 16
5.2 Converter transformer losses . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 No-load operation losses . 17
5.2.3 Operating losses. 17
5.2.4 Auxiliary power losses . 18
5.3 AC filter losses . 19
5.3.1 General . 19
5.3.2 AC filter capacitor losses . 19
5.3.3 AC filter reactor losses . 19
5.3.4 AC filter resistor losses . 20
5.3.5 Total AC filter losses . 20
5.4 Shunt capacitor bank losses . 20
5.5 Shunt reactor losses . 20
5.6 DC smoothing reactor losses . 21
5.7 DC filter losses . 21
5.7.1 General . 21
5.7.2 DC filter capacitor losses . 22
5.7.3 DC filter reactor losses . 22
5.7.4 DC filter resistor losses . 23
5.7.5 Total DC filter losses . 23
5.8 Auxiliaries and station service losses . 23
5.9 Series filter losses . 24
5.10 Other equipment losses . 25
Annex A (informative) Calculation of harmonic currents and voltages . 31
A.1 Harmonic currents in converter transformers . 31
A.2 Harmonic currents in the AC filters . 31
A.3 Harmonic voltages on the DC side . 32
A.4 DC side harmonic currents in the smoothing reactor . 32
Annex B (informative) Typical station losses . 33
Annex C (informative) HVDC converter station loss evaluation – An illustration . 34
C.1 General . 34
C.2 Loss evaluation under various cases . 35
Bibliography . 37
Figure 1 – Typical high-voltage direct current (HVDC) equipment for one pole . 26
Figure 2 – Simplified three-phase diagram of an HVDC 12-pulse converter . 27
Figure 3 – Simplified equivalent circuit of a typical thyristor valve . 27
Figure 4 – Current and voltage waveforms of a valve operating in a 12-pulse converter . 28
Figure 5 – Thyristor on-state characteristic . 29
Figure 6 – Conduction current and voltage drop . 29
Figure 7 – Distribution of commutating inductance between L and L . 30
1 2
Figure 8 – Thyristor current during reverse recovery . 30
Table B.1 – Typical values of losses . 33
Table C.1 – Conditions for calculation of losses in case D1 . 36
Table C.2 – Conditions for calculation of losses in Case D2. . 36
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