ISO/TS 23877-2:2024
(Main)Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic sources — Determination of pour point — Part 2: Automated linear cooling method
Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic sources — Determination of pour point — Part 2: Automated linear cooling method
This document specifies a method for determining the pour point of petroleum products by means of automatic equipment for detecting movement of the test specimen using a linear cooling technique. A separate procedure suitable for the determination of the lower pour point of fuel oils, heavy lubricant base stock, and products containing residual fuel components is also described. The procedure described in this document is not suitable for crude oils. Test results from this method can be determined in either 1 °C or 3 °C testing intervals NOTE The equipment referenced in this method can also generate results at 1 °C testing intervals, which is an acceptable alternative procedure, but for which precision and bias have not been determined.
Produits pétroliers et connexes d'origine naturelle ou synthétique — Détermination du point d'écoulement — Partie 2: Méthode automatisée par refroidissement linéaire
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 23877-2
First edition
Petroleum and related products
2024-12
from natural or synthetic sources —
Determination of pour point —
Part 2:
Automated linear cooling method
Produits pétroliers et connexes d'origine naturelle ou
synthétique — Détermination du point d'écoulement —
Partie 2: Méthode automatisée par refroidissement linéaire
Reference number
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents and materials . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Sampling . 2
8 Preparation of apparatus . 2
9 Calibration . 3
10 Verification of the performance of the apparatus . 3
11 Procedure . 3
12 Expression of results . 4
13 Precision . 4
14 Test report . 4
Annex A (normative) Detection principles . 6
Bibliography .10
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum and related products, fuels and
lubricants from natural or synthetic sources.
A list of all parts in the ISO 23877 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document describes the determination of pour point by automatic instruments. This document is based
on the techniques used with the instruments available on the market in 2021.
This test method does not contain any precision at this stage. As this is a newly described technique, no
immediate precision or interim repeatability can be given. At the time of publication, an interlaboratory
study was ongoing, the results of which will be taken into account in future standardization activities.
v
Technical Specification ISO/TS 23877-2:2024(en)
Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic
sources — Determination of pour point —
Part 2:
Automated linear cooling method
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment.
This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and
health of personnel prior to the application of this document, and to determine the applicability of
any other restrictions.
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for determining the pour point of petroleum products by means of
automatic equipment for detecting movement of the test specimen using a linear cooling technique.
A separate procedure suitable for the determination of the lower pour point of fuel oils, heavy lubricant base
stock, and products containing residual fuel components is also described.
The procedure described in this document is not suitable for crude oils.
Test results from this method can be determined in either 1 °C or 3 °C testing intervals
NOTE The equipment referenced in this method can also generate results at 1 °C testing intervals, which is an
acceptable alternative procedure, but for which precision and bias have not been determined.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 17034, General requirements for the competence of reference material producers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
pour point
lowest temperature at which a sample of petroleum product will continue to flow when it is cooled under
specified standard conditions
3.2
no flow point
temperature of the test specimen at which a wax crystal structure or the viscosity increase, or both,
impede(s) movement of the surface of the test specimen under specified standard conditions
4 Principle
After preliminary heating, the sample is cooled at a specified linear rate and examined at intervals of 3 °C
or 1 °C for flow characteristics. The pour point is recorded as the lowest temperature at which movement
("pour" or "flow") of the sample is observed.
5 Reagents and materials
Certified reference materials (CRM) shall be used from suppliers in accordance with ISO 17034.
6 Apparatus
The following apparatus shall be used.
6.1 Specimen cup (vial), automatic instruments, as specified by the manufacturer of the instrument.
6.2 Sample temperature probe, which is either:
a) cylindrical, vertical in the test jar and plunged in the sample; the depth and location are specified by
manufacturer of the testing device; or
b) embedded in specimen holder.
A thermometer with digital display (e.g. PT100) shall be used for measuring the sample temperature with a
resolution of at least 0,1 °C and an accuracy of at least 0,5 °C
NOTE The exact location of the probe depends on the equipment design by the manufacturer.
6.3 Anti-moisture device, to close the specimen holder, avoiding any moisture to be introduced.
6.4 Specimen holder, location where the specimen cup/vial is placed for testing, e.g. metallic block or
chamber.
6.5 Cooling device, device (integrated in the analyser) capable of controlling the specimen chamber
temperature as specified by the manufacturer.
6.6 Automated detection device, detection system able to detect movement of the sample e.g. by means
of optics or pressure, as specified in Annex A.
7 Sampling
Unless otherwise specified in the commodity specification, samples shall be taken as described in ISO 3170
or ISO 3171.
8 Preparation of apparatus
8.1 Prepare the instrument for operation in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
8.2 Clean and dry the specimen cup (vial) (6.1) using suitable solvents and material or use a new cup, as
instructed by the manufacturer.
8.3 Turn on the main power switch of the automatic instrument.
9 Calibration
9.1 Ensure that the manufacturer’s instructions for calibrating, checking and operating the automatic
apparatus are followed.
9.2 Check the position of the sample temperature probe (6.2) and specimen cup (vial) (6.1), in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions. When necessary, make appropriate adjustments.
10 Verification of the performance of the apparatus
The correct functioning and performance of the automated apparatus should be verified preferably at least
twice a year and, where possible, using certified reference materials (Clause 5).
The apparatus should also be checked more frequently (e.g. weekly) using an in-house secondary reference
material with a known pour point value, or using a statistical quality control (SQC) sample (intralaboratory
or intra-company) according to ISO 4259-4.
Deviations outside established SQC limits should be investigated and be resolved. The manufacturer's
instruction manual should provide guidance on ensuring that the equipment is correctly set up and
calibrated.
11 Procedure
11.1 Introduce the sample into the specimen cup (vial) (6.1) to the level mark or required volume. If
necessary, heat the sample until it is just sufficiently fluid to pour into the specimen cup (vial).
If it is necessary to heat the sample to a temperature greater than 45 °C to transfer to the
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.