ISO/TS 13896:2012
(Main)Soil quality — Determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) — Method by HPLC with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD) and mass selective detection (LC-MSD)
Soil quality — Determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) — Method by HPLC with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD) and mass selective detection (LC-MSD)
ISO/TS 13896:2012 specifies a method for the determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in sludge, treated biowaste and soil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) or a mass selective detector (MSD). ISO/TS 13896:2012 specifies the determination of the sum of LAS. Under the conditions specified in ISO/TS 13896:2012, typically a limit of detection of 20 mg/kg (expressed as dry matter) for sludge and of 0,2 mg/kg to 0,5 mg/kg for soil and treated biowaste may be achieved. Lower limits of detection may be achieved by concentrating the extract by solvent evaporation.
Qualité du sol — Détermination des sulfonates d'alkyl benzène linéaires (SAL) — Méthode par chromatographie liquide à haute performance (CLHP) avec détection par fluorescence (CL-DFL) et détection sélective de la masse (CL-DSM)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 13896
First edition
2012-09-01
Soil quality — Determination of linear
alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) —
Method by HPLC with fluorescence
detection (LC-FLD) and mass selective
detection (LC-MSD)
Qualité du sol — Détermination des sulfonates d’alkyl benzène
linéaires (SAL) — Méthode par chromatographie liquide à haute
performance (CLHP) avec détection par fluorescence (CL-DFL) et
détection sélective de la masse (CL-DSM)
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
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ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Interferences . 2
5.1 Interferences from sampling. 2
5.2 Interferences by HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS . 2
6 Reagents . 3
7 Apparatus . 5
8 Sample storage and sample pretreatment . 6
8.1 Sample storage . 6
8.2 Sample pretreatment . 6
9 Procedure. 6
9.1 Extraction . 6
9.2 Concentration (optional). 7
9.3 Clean-up (optional) . 7
9.4 Blank test . 7
9.5 HPLC analysis . 7
9.6 Calibration . 8
10 Calculation and expression of results . 9
10.1 General . 9
10.2 Calibration .10
10.3 Calculation .10
11 Precision .11
12 Test report
................................................................................................................................................................................................................11
Annex A (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data .12
Annex B (informative) Examples of chromatographic conditions and chromatograms .14
Annex C (informative) Examples of clean-up procedures .17
Bibliography .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical
experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 %
of the members of the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a
technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the
committee casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for
a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or
ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be
transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 13896 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 3,
Chemical methods and soil characteristics.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The anionic surfactant LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) is found in the environment due to its use
in detergents. For more than 30 years, LAS has been the largest single surfactant used in detergents, and
the use continues on a high level.
Although LAS is readily biodegradable during wastewater treatment, considerable amounts may still
be found in sludge of municipal origin. By the use of sludge for soil improvement, LAS can end up in
agricultural soil, where a rapid biodegradation takes place.
The method describes the determination of LAS in sludge, soil, treated biowaste and neighbouring fields.
LAS is the sodium salt of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, and it consists of a mixture of the homologues C -
LAS, C -LAS, C -LAS, C -LAS and C -LAS. LAS is determined as the sum of the homologues.
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This Technical Specification is applicable and validated for several types of matrices as indicated in
Table 1 (see also Annex A for the results of the validation).
Table 1 — Matrices for which this Technical Specification is applicable and validated
Matrix Materials used for validation
Sludge Municipal sewage sludge
Biowaste Fresh compost
Soil Sludge amended soil
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 13896:2012(E)
Soil quality — Determination of linear alkylbenzene
sulfonate (LAS) — Method by HPLC with fluorescence
detection (LC-FLD) and mass selective detection (LC-MSD)
WARNING — Persons using this Technical Specification should be familiar with usual laboratory
practice. This Technical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if
any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this Technical
Specification be carried out by suitably trained staff.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies a method for the determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate
(LAS) in sludge, treated biowaste and soil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with
a fluorescence detector (FLD) or a mass selective detector (MSD).
This Technical Specification specifies the determination of the sum of LAS. Under the conditions specified
in this Technical Specification, typically a limit of detection of 20 mg/kg (expressed as dry matter) for
sludge and of 0,2 mg/kg to 0,5 mg/kg for soil and treated biowaste may be achieved.
Lower limits of detection may be achieved by concentrating the extract by solvent evaporation.
NOTE The single LAS homologues C to C can be determined by this Technical Specification.
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2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8466-1, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance
characteristics — Part 1: Statistical evaluation of the linear calibration function
ISO 11465, Soil quality — Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis — Gravimetric method
ISO 14507, Soil quality — Pretreatment of samples for determination of organic contaminants
ISO 22892, Soil quality — Guidelines for the identification of target compounds by gas chromatography and
mass spectrometry
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
analyte
mixture of homologues (i.e. C -LAS, C -LAS, C -LAS, C -LAS and C -LAS) where each homologue
10 11 12 13 14
consists of a mixture of four to six isomers depending on the length of the alkyl group
NOTE The dominant homologues in detergents and environmental samples are C -LAS and C -LAS. C to C
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refers to the chain length of the linear alkyl group.
4 Principle
After pretreatment, the test sample is extracted by shaking with methanol. If necessary, interfering
compounds are removed from the extract by a clean-up on a suitable column.
The extract is analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a C - or C -column and
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detection by fluorescence (FLD) or mass spectrometry (MS).
The identification is based on the retention times of the homologues and of the isomers of each homologue.
Another identification point is the pattern/fingerprint of the homologues, and the
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