ISO 12039:2019
(Main)Stationary source emissions — Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue gas — Performance characteristics of automated measuring systems
Stationary source emissions — Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue gas — Performance characteristics of automated measuring systems
This document specifies the fundamental structure and the most important performance characteristics of automated measuring systems for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) to be used on stationary source emissions. This document describes methods and equipment for the measurement of concentrations of these gases. The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of CO, CO2 and O2 emissions. This international standard describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive) systems in connection with analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles: — infrared absorption (CO and CO2); — paramagnetism (O2); — zirconium oxide (O2); — electrochemical cell (O2); — tuneable laser spectroscopy (TLS) (CO, CO2 and O2). Other instrumental methods can be used provided they meet the minimum requirements proposed in this document. Automated measuring systems (AMS) based on the principles above have been used successfully in this application for measuring ranges which are described in Annex G.
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration de monoxyde de carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et d'oxygène — Caractéristiques de fonctionnement et étalonnage de systèmes automatiques de mesure
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije ogljikovega monoksida, ogljikovega dioksida in kisika v odpadnih plinih - Delovne karakteristike avtomatskih merilnih sistemov
Ta dokument določa temeljno strukturo in najpomembnejše značilnosti delovanja avtomatskih sistemov za merjenje ogljikovega monoksida (CO), ogljikovega dioksida (CO2) in kisika (O2), ki se uporabljajo pri emisijah nepremičnih virov. Ta dokument opisuje metode in opremo za merjenje koncentracij teh plinov. Metoda omogoča neprekinjen nadzor s trajno vgrajenimi sistemi za merjenje emisij CO, CO2 in O2. Ta mednarodni standard opisuje ekstraktivne sisteme ter sisteme in situ (ne ekstraktivne) v povezavi z analizatorji, ki delujejo na primer z naslednjimi načeli:
– infrardeča absorpcija (CO in CO2);
– paramagnetizem (O2);
– cirkonijev oksid (O2);
– elektrokemična celica (O2);
– nastavljiva laserska spektroskopija (TLS) (CO, CO2 in O2).
Uporabiti je mogoče tudi druge instrumentalne metode, če izpolnjujejo minimalne zahteve, predlagane v tem dokumentu. V tej aplikaciji se za uporabo merilnih območij, opisanih v dodatku G, uspešno uporabljajo avtomatizirani merilni sistemi (AMS), ki temeljijo na zgornjih načelih
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 12039:2002
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije ogljikovega
monoksida, ogljikovega dioksida in kisika v odpadnih plinih - Delovne
karakteristike avtomatskih merilnih sistemov
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue gas - Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration de monoxyde de
carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et d'oxygène - Caractéristiques de fonctionnement et
étalonnage de systèmes automatiques de mesure
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12039:2019
ICS:
13.040.40 Emisije nepremičnih virov Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12039
Second edition
2019-10
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of the mass
concentration of carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue
gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration
de monoxyde de carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et d'oxygène —
Caractéristiques de fonctionnement et étalonnage de systèmes
automatiques de mesure
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5 Principle . 5
6 Description of the automated measuring systems . 5
6.1 Sampling and sample gas conditioning systems . 5
6.2 Analyser equipment . 5
7 Performance characteristics and criteria . 6
7.1 Performance criteria . 6
7.2 Determination of the performance characteristics . 7
7.2.1 Performance test . 7
7.2.2 Ongoing quality control . 7
8 Selection and installation procedure . 8
8.1 Choice of the measuring system . 8
8.2 Sampling . 8
8.2.1 Sampling location . 8
8.2.2 Representative sampling . 8
8.3 Calculation . 8
8.3.1 Conversion from volume to mass concentration for CO . 8
8.3.2 Conversion from wet to dry conditions for CO, CO and O concentrations . 9
2 2
9 Quality assurance and quality control procedures . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Frequency of checks .10
9.3 Calibration, validation and measurement uncertainty .10
10 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Infrared absorption method (CO and CO ) .12
Annex B (informative) Extractive O measurement techniques .19
Annex C (informative) In situ CO, CO and O measurement .26
2 2
Annex D (normative) Operational gases .30
Annex E (normative) Procedures for determination of the performance characteristics .31
Annex F (informative) Examples of the results for the assessment of CO, CO and O AMS .39
2 2
Annex G (informative) Calculation of uncertainty of measurement of CO, CO and O .44
2 2
Bibliography .51
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1,
Stationary source emissions.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12039:2001), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— The structure and the components are changed to be similar to the latest ISO standards; ISO 17179
(measurement of NH ), ISO 13199 (measurement of total VOC), ISO 25140 (measurement of CH ),
3 4
ISO 21258 (measurement of N O) and others.
— Addition or deletion and change in terms and definitions.
— Addition of a new analytical technique (tuneable laser spectroscopy) for in-situ measurement of CO,
CO and O
2 2
— The performance characteristics and criteria as well as QA/QC procedures are changed to harmonize
with latest ISO standards.
— Examples of performance test results and the results of uncertainty calculation are shown for CO,
CO and O measurement.
2 2
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are gases found in the exhaust gases of combustion
processes. Determination of the concentration of these gases is necessary to demonstrate compliance
with local regulations and can assist the operator in the optimization of the combustion process. The
determination of O and/or CO is also necessary to normalize the measured concentration of other
2 2
gases and dusts to defined conditions. There are a number of ways to measure concentrations of CO,
CO and O in stacks/ducts.
2 2
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12039:2019(E)
Stationary source emissions — Determination of the
mass concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
and oxygen in flue gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
1 Scope
This document specifies the fundamental structure and the most important performance characteristics
of automated measuring systems for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ) and oxygen (O )
2 2
to be used on stationary source emissions. This document describes methods and equipment for the
measurement of concentrations of these gases.
The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of CO, CO
and O emissions. This international standard describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive)
systems in connection with analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles:
— infrared absorption (CO and CO );
— paramagnetism (O );
— zirconium oxide (O );
— electrochemical cell (O );
— tuneable laser spectroscopy (TLS) (CO, CO and O ).
2 2
Other instrumental methods can be used provided they meet the minimum requirements proposed in
this document.
Automated measuring systems (AMS) based on the principles above have been used successfully in this
application for measuring ranges which are described in Annex G.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
analyser
a
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12039
Second edition
2019-10
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of the mass
concentration of carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue
gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration
de monoxyde de carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et d'oxygène —
Caractéristiques de fonctionnement et étalonnage de systèmes
automatiques de mesure
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5 Principle . 5
6 Description of the automated measuring systems . 5
6.1 Sampling and sample gas conditioning systems . 5
6.2 Analyser equipment . 5
7 Performance characteristics and criteria . 6
7.1 Performance criteria . 6
7.2 Determination of the performance characteristics . 7
7.2.1 Performance test . 7
7.2.2 Ongoing quality control . 7
8 Selection and installation procedure . 8
8.1 Choice of the measuring system . 8
8.2 Sampling . 8
8.2.1 Sampling location . 8
8.2.2 Representative sampling . 8
8.3 Calculation . 8
8.3.1 Conversion from volume to mass concentration for CO . 8
8.3.2 Conversion from wet to dry conditions for CO, CO and O concentrations . 9
2 2
9 Quality assurance and quality control procedures . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Frequency of checks .10
9.3 Calibration, validation and measurement uncertainty .10
10 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Infrared absorption method (CO and CO ) .12
Annex B (informative) Extractive O measurement techniques .19
Annex C (informative) In situ CO, CO and O measurement .26
2 2
Annex D (normative) Operational gases .30
Annex E (normative) Procedures for determination of the performance characteristics .31
Annex F (informative) Examples of the results for the assessment of CO, CO and O AMS .39
2 2
Annex G (informative) Calculation of uncertainty of measurement of CO, CO and O .44
2 2
Bibliography .51
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1,
Stationary source emissions.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12039:2001), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— The structure and the components are changed to be similar to the latest ISO standards; ISO 17179
(measurement of NH ), ISO 13199 (measurement of total VOC), ISO 25140 (measurement of CH ),
3 4
ISO 21258 (measurement of N O) and others.
— Addition or deletion and change in terms and definitions.
— Addition of a new analytical technique (tuneable laser spectroscopy) for in-situ measurement of CO,
CO and O
2 2
— The performance characteristics and criteria as well as QA/QC procedures are changed to harmonize
with latest ISO standards.
— Examples of performance test results and the results of uncertainty calculation are shown for CO,
CO and O measurement.
2 2
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are gases found in the exhaust gases of combustion
processes. Determination of the concentration of these gases is necessary to demonstrate compliance
with local regulations and can assist the operator in the optimization of the combustion process. The
determination of O and/or CO is also necessary to normalize the measured concentration of other
2 2
gases and dusts to defined conditions. There are a number of ways to measure concentrations of CO,
CO and O in stacks/ducts.
2 2
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12039:2019(E)
Stationary source emissions — Determination of the
mass concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
and oxygen in flue gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
1 Scope
This document specifies the fundamental structure and the most important performance characteristics
of automated measuring systems for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ) and oxygen (O )
2 2
to be used on stationary source emissions. This document describes methods and equipment for the
measurement of concentrations of these gases.
The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of CO, CO
and O emissions. This international standard describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive)
systems in connection with analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles:
— infrared absorption (CO and CO );
— paramagnetism (O );
— zirconium oxide (O );
— electrochemical cell (O );
— tuneable laser spectroscopy (TLS) (CO, CO and O ).
2 2
Other instrumental methods can be used provided they meet the minimum requirements proposed in
this document.
Automated measuring systems (AMS) based on the principles above have been used successfully in this
application for measuring ranges which are described in Annex G.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
analyser
analytical part in an extractive or in situ AMS (3.3)
3.2
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system interacting with the flue gas under investigation, returning an output signal
proportional to the physical unit of the measurand (3.8) in unattended operation
[SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.1.2 modified]
Note 1 to entry: In the sense of this document, an AMS is a system that can be attached to a duct or stack to
continuously or intermittently measure the mass concentration of CO, CO and O passing through the duct.
2 2
3.3
in situ AMS
non-extractive systems that measure the concentration directly in the duct or stack
Note 1 to entry: In situ systems measure either across the stack or duct or at a point within the duct or stack.
3.4
parallel measurements
measurements taken on the same duct in the same sampling plane for the same period of time with the
AMS (3.2) under test and with the reference method (3.12) at points a short distance from each other,
providing pairs of measured values
3.5
interference
cross-sensitivity
negative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the
sample that i
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12039
Second edition
2019-10
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of the mass
concentration of carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide and oxygen in flue
gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination de la concentration
de monoxyde de carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et d'oxygène —
Caractéristiques de fonctionnement et étalonnage de systèmes
automatiques de mesure
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5 Principle . 5
6 Description of the automated measuring systems . 5
6.1 Sampling and sample gas conditioning systems . 5
6.2 Analyser equipment . 5
7 Performance characteristics and criteria . 6
7.1 Performance criteria . 6
7.2 Determination of the performance characteristics . 7
7.2.1 Performance test . 7
7.2.2 Ongoing quality control . 7
8 Selection and installation procedure . 8
8.1 Choice of the measuring system . 8
8.2 Sampling . 8
8.2.1 Sampling location . 8
8.2.2 Representative sampling . 8
8.3 Calculation . 8
8.3.1 Conversion from volume to mass concentration for CO . 8
8.3.2 Conversion from wet to dry conditions for CO, CO and O concentrations . 9
2 2
9 Quality assurance and quality control procedures . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Frequency of checks .10
9.3 Calibration, validation and measurement uncertainty .10
10 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Infrared absorption method (CO and CO ) .12
Annex B (informative) Extractive O measurement techniques .19
Annex C (informative) In situ CO, CO and O measurement .26
2 2
Annex D (normative) Operational gases .30
Annex E (normative) Procedures for determination of the performance characteristics .31
Annex F (informative) Examples of the results for the assessment of CO, CO and O AMS .39
2 2
Annex G (informative) Calculation of uncertainty of measurement of CO, CO and O .44
2 2
Bibliography .51
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1,
Stationary source emissions.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12039:2001), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— The structure and the components are changed to be similar to the latest ISO standards; ISO 17179
(measurement of NH ), ISO 13199 (measurement of total VOC), ISO 25140 (measurement of CH ),
3 4
ISO 21258 (measurement of N O) and others.
— Addition or deletion and change in terms and definitions.
— Addition of a new analytical technique (tuneable laser spectroscopy) for in-situ measurement of CO,
CO and O
2 2
— The performance characteristics and criteria as well as QA/QC procedures are changed to harmonize
with latest ISO standards.
— Examples of performance test results and the results of uncertainty calculation are shown for CO,
CO and O measurement.
2 2
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are gases found in the exhaust gases of combustion
processes. Determination of the concentration of these gases is necessary to demonstrate compliance
with local regulations and can assist the operator in the optimization of the combustion process. The
determination of O and/or CO is also necessary to normalize the measured concentration of other
2 2
gases and dusts to defined conditions. There are a number of ways to measure concentrations of CO,
CO and O in stacks/ducts.
2 2
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12039:2019(E)
Stationary source emissions — Determination of the
mass concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
and oxygen in flue gas — Performance characteristics of
automated measuring systems
1 Scope
This document specifies the fundamental structure and the most important performance characteristics
of automated measuring systems for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ) and oxygen (O )
2 2
to be used on stationary source emissions. This document describes methods and equipment for the
measurement of concentrations of these gases.
The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of CO, CO
and O emissions. This international standard describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive)
systems in connection with analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles:
— infrared absorption (CO and CO );
— paramagnetism (O );
— zirconium oxide (O );
— electrochemical cell (O );
— tuneable laser spectroscopy (TLS) (CO, CO and O ).
2 2
Other instrumental methods can be used provided they meet the minimum requirements proposed in
this document.
Automated measuring systems (AMS) based on the principles above have been used successfully in this
application for measuring ranges which are described in Annex G.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
analyser
analytical part in an extractive or in situ AMS (3.3)
3.2
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system interacting with the flue gas under investigation, returning an output signal
proportional to the physical unit of the measurand (3.8) in unattended operation
[SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.1.2 modified]
Note 1 to entry: In the sense of this document, an AMS is a system that can be attached to a duct or stack to
continuously or intermittently measure the mass concentration of CO, CO and O passing through the duct.
2 2
3.3
in situ AMS
non-extractive systems that measure the concentration directly in the duct or stack
Note 1 to entry: In situ systems measure either across the stack or duct or at a point within the duct or stack.
3.4
parallel measurements
measurements taken on the same duct in the same sampling plane for the same period of time with the
AMS (3.2) under test and with the reference method (3.12) at points a short distance from each other,
providing pairs of measured values
3.5
interference
cross-sensitivity
negative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the
sample that i
...
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