ISO 11451-2:1995
(Main)Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Vehicle test methods — Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation source
Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Vehicle test methods — Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation source
Véhicules routiers — Perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique à bande étroite — Méthodes d'essai des véhicules — Partie 2: Source de rayonnement hors du véhicule
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL
Is0
STANDARD
11451-2
First edition
1995-l Z-01
Road vehicles - Electrical disturbances
by narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy - Vehicle test methods -
Part 2:
Off-vehicle radiation source
V6hicules routiers
- Perturbations 6lectriques par rayonnement d’&ergie
6lectromagrGtique en bande 6troite - M&hodes d’essai du v6hicule -
Par-tie 2: Irradiation par source externe
Reference number
IS0 11451-2:1995(E)
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IS0 11451=2:1995(E)
Contents
Page
1
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.
1
2 Normative reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
3 Test conditions ,.
1
....................................
3.1 Test temperature and supply voltage
1
.....................................................................
3.2 Frequency range
.............................................................................. 2
3.3 Modulation
2
3.4 Dwell time .
2
3.5 Frequency step sizes .
2
3.6 Test severity levels .
2
Test instrument description and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Absorber-lined chamber
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.
4.2 Instrumentation
5
4.3 Test set-up .
6
5 Test procedures .
6
5.1 Test plan .
6
5.2 Test methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.
8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 Test report
Annex
10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Function performance status classification (FPSC)
0 IS0 1995
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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0 IS0 IS0 11451=2:1995(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(I EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 11451-2 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electrical and electronic
equipment.
IS0 11451 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road
Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electro-
vehicles -
magnetic energy - Vehicle test methods:
- Part 1: General and definitions
- Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation source
- Part 3: On-board transmitter simulation
- Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI)
Annex A forms an integral part of this part of IS0 11451.
. . .
III
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IS0 11451=2:1995(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO
Road vehicles - Electrical disturbances
by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy -
Vehicle test methods -
Part 2:
Off-vehicle radiation source
IS0 11451-I :I 995, Road vehicles - Electrical dis-
1 Scope
turbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic
Vehicle test methods - Part 7: General
energy -
This part of IS0 11451 specifies off-vehicle radiation
and definitions.
source test methods and procedures for testing
passenger cars and commercial vehicles regardless
of the propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine,
diesel engine, electric motor). The electromagnetic
3 Test conditions
disturbances considered in this part of IS0 11451 are
limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic
fields.
3.1 Test temperature and supply voltage
Two methods for calibrating electromagnetic fields
Heat is generated in the test chamber when the ve-
are defined in this part of IS0 11451: a substitution
hicle is operated during the test. Sufficient cooling
method and a closed-loop method. The substitution
shall be provided to ensure that the engine does not
method is the method most commonly used.
overheat (see 4.1).
Part 1 of IS0 11451 gives definitions, practical use
The ambient temperature in the test chamber
and basic principles of the test procedure.
shall be recorded if it is outside the range of
(23 k 5) “C.
For tests that require the vehicle engine to be running,
the electrical charging system shall be functional. For
tests where the vehicle engine is not required to be
2 Normative reference
running, the battery voltage shall be maintained above
12,2 V and 24,4 V for 12 V and 24 V systems
The following standard contains provisions which, respectively.
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this part of IS0 11451. At the time of publication,
the edition indicated was valid. All standards are sub- 3.2 Frequency range
ject to revision, and parties to agreements based on
The applicable frequency range of this test method is
this part of IS0 11451 are encouraged to investigate
0,l MHz to 18 000 MHz. Testing over the full fre-
the possibility of applying the most recent edition of
quency range may require different field generating
the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and
devices. This does not imply that testing of
IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International
overlapping frequency ranges is required.
Standards.
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IS0 11451=2:1995(E) 0 IS0
The user shall specify the test severity level(s) over
3.3 Modulation
the frequency range. Suggested test severity levels
are given in annex A.
The device under test determines the type and fre-
quency of modulation. If no values are agreed be-
These test severity levels are expressed in terms of
tween the users of this part of IS0 11451, the
the equivalent root-mean-square value of the un-
following shall be used:
modulated wave.
- no modulation (CW);
- 1 kHz sine-wave amplitude modulation (AM) of
80 %.
4 Test instrument description
and specification
3.4 Dwell time
The test consists of generating radiated electro-
magnetic fields by using antenna sets with radio fre-
At each frequency, the device under test shall be ex-
quency (RF) sources capable of producing the desired
posed to the test level for the minimum response
field strengths over the range of test frequencies. The
time needed to control it. In all cases, this minimum
fields are monitored with small probes to ensure
time of exposure shall not be less than 2 s.
proper test levels. To reduce test error, the vehicle
operation under test is usually monitored by optical
3.5 Frequency step sizes
couplers.
All tests shall be conducted with linear frequency step
sizes not greater than those specified in table 1.
4.1 Absorber-lined chamber
Table 1 - Frequency step sizes
The objective of an absorber-lined chamber is to cre-
Maximum
ate an indoor electromagnetic compatibility test fa-
Frequency band
frequency step size
cility which simulates open field testing. The chamber
MHz MHz
is lined with absorbing material on as many surfaces
in the chamber as possible to minimize reflections and
>O,l to 61
OJ
resonances. The design objective is to reduce the
>I to
1
reflectivity in the test area to - 10 dB or less.
>I0 to <200 2
The size, shape and construction of an absorber-lined
>200 to
chamber can vary considerably. An example of a rec-
>I 000 to ~18 000 200
tangular chamber is shown in figure 1. The chamber
shape is a function of the types of tests to be per-
formed, the size of vehicle to be tested and the
Alternatively, logarithmic frequency steps, with the
frequency range to be covered. Basically, an
same minimum number of frequency steps in each
absorber-lined chamber consists of a shielded room
frequency band, may be used. The values, as agreed
with absorbing material on its internal reflective sur-
by the users of this part of IS0 11451, shall be docu-
faces, with the optional exception of the floor. The
mented in the test report.
minimum size of the room is determined by the size
of the test region needed, the size of the field gener-
If it appears that the susceptibility thresholds of the
ation device and the clearances needed between
device under test are very near the chosen test level,
them and the largest vehicle that is to be tested. To
these frequency step sizes should be reduced in the
create the test region, the absorber, field generation
frequency range concerned in order to find the mini-
system and chamber shape are selected to reduce
mum susceptibility thresholds.
the amount of extraneous energy in the test region
below a minimum value which will give the desired
3.6 Test severity levels
measurement accuracy.
Tests shall be conducted in both horizontal and verti- A frequency range of 20 MHz to 18 000 MHz has
cal polarizations over the test frequency range. Any been achieved in some chambers but because of ab-
exceptions to this practice shall be specified in the sorber material sizes required for a 20 MHz cut-off,
test plan. several absorber-lined facilities have been designed
2
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0 IS0
IS0 11451-2:1995(E)
with cut-off frequencies of 200 MHz or greater. Test-
4.2 Instrumentation
ing below cut-off is then accomplished using cus-
tomized antennas and specialized methods (see
4.2.1 Field generating device
4.2.1).
The field generating device may be an antenna or a
Transmission Line System (TLS).
The vehicle is operated during the performance of this
test, generating heat in the enclosed chamber. Suf-
The construction and orientation of any field generat-
ficient cooling shall be provided through chamber air-
ing device shall be such that the generated field can
conditioning and cooling of the radiator to ensure that
be polarized in the mode specified in the test plan.
the engine does not overheat.
The TLS generating device may have to be custom-
designed. An example of a parallel plate TLS is shown
in figure 2. An example of an equipment block diagram
for a field generating device is shown in figure3.
w
1 Antenna 4 Amplifier room
2 Shielded wall 5 Instrumentation room
3 Dynamometer on turntableI) 6 RF absorbers
NOTE - Figure is not to scale.
1) The turntable shown is rotatable through + 180” with two pairs of variable
-
wheelbase rollers to simulate all vehicle sizes and functions.
Figure I - Example of absorber-lined chamber
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IS0 11451=2:1995(E)
Key
1 Shielded room (can be absorber-lined except for floor)
2 Metal plate
3 Non-metallic supports
4 Metal floor
5 Signal source feed line (coaxial)
6 Coaxial
7 Load
8 Metal feed lines
9 Signal source feed connection
Figure 2 - Example of parallel plate TLS
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IS0 11451-2:1995(E)
a
Key
I Absorber-lined chamber
2 Coaxial penetration
3 Field probe
4 O
...
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