ISO 12219-6:2017
(Main)Interior air of road vehicles — Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at higher temperature — Small chamber method
Interior air of road vehicles — Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at higher temperature — Small chamber method
ISO 12219-6:2017 describes a qualitative and quantitative analytical method for vapour-phase organic compounds released from car trim materials under simulated real use conditions, i.e. a vehicle is parked for several hours in direct sunlight. Under these conditions, some interior parts and materials reach higher temperatures than 65 °C (ISO 12219‑4), e.g. a dashboard can reach temperatures up to 120 °C. This document can be implemented as an optional addition to ISO 12219‑4 so that VOC, volatile carbonyl and SVOC testing can all be completed within one day. This part has been added to gain insight into the emission behaviour and emission potential of selected vehicle interior parts and materials exposed to higher temperatures. (By convention, 100 °C is set as the higher temperature.) The test is performed in small emission test chambers (small chambers). These small chambers are intended to provide a transfer function for vehicle level emissions. This method is intended for evaluating new car interior trim components but can, in principle, be applied to used car components. The specified analytical procedure for SVOCs and semi-volatile carbonyls is ISO 16000‑6. ISO 12219-6:2017 is complementary to existing standards[1],[2] and provides third party test laboratories and manufacturing industry with an approach for - identifying the effect of real use conditions on specific VOC and SVOC emissions data, - comparing emissions from various assemblies with regards to specific VOC and SVOC emissions, - evaluating and sorting specific assemblies regarding specific VOC and SVOC emissions data, - providing specific VOC and SVOC emissions data to develop and verify a correlation between component level methods and in vehicle air quality and - evaluating prototype, "low-emission" assemblies during development. The method described can be exclusively performed as a high temperature test or it can be performed in combination with the determination of VOCs at 65 °C in one run, which is described in ISO 12219‑4.
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers — Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des émissions de composés organiques semi-volatils des pièces et matériaux intérieurs des véhicules à des températures élevées — Méthode de la petite chambre
ISO 12219-6:2017 décrit une méthode d'analyse qualitative et quantitative des composés organiques en phase vapeur libérés par les garnissages intérieurs de véhicules dans des conditions d'utilisation réelle simulées, c'est-à-dire un véhicule garé plusieurs heures à la lumière directe du soleil. Dans ces conditions, certaines pièces et certains matériaux intérieurs atteignent des températures supérieures à 65 °C (ISO 12219‑4), par exemple un tableau de bord peut atteindre des températures allant jusqu'à 120 °C. Le présent document peut être mis ?uvre comme supplément facultatif à l'ISO 12219‑4, de sorte que les essais COV, composés carbonylés volatils et COSV peuvent tous être effectués en un jour. Cette partie a été ajoutée pour mieux comprendre le comportement d'émission et le potentiel d'émission des pièces et des matériaux intérieurs de véhicules sélectionnés exposés à des températures élevées. (Par convention, 100 °C est définie comme étant la plus haute température). L'essai est effectué dans des petites chambres d'essai d'émission (petites chambres). Ces petites chambres sont destinées à assurer une fonction de transfert aux émissions orientées véhicule. Cette méthode sert à évaluer les nouveaux composants des garnissages intérieurs de véhicules mais peut, en principe, être appliquée aux composants de véhicules usagés. Le mode opératoire analytique spécifié pour les COSV et les composés carbonylés semi-volatils est l'ISO 16000‑6. ISO 12219-6:2017 complète les normes existantes[1][2] et fournit aux laboratoires d'essai tiers et au secteur industriel une méthode pour: - identifier l'effet des conditions d'utilisation réelle sur les données d'émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques, - comparer les émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques de différents ensembles, - évaluer et trier les données d'émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques des ensembles, - fournir des données d'émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques pour établir et vérifier une corrélation entre la méthode orientée composant et la qualité de l'air dans le véhicule, et - évaluer les ensembles prototypes de «faibles émissions» pendant le développement. La méthode décrite peut être exclusivement effectuée à titre d'essai à haute température ou peut être réalisée en combinaison avec le dosage des COV à 65 °C en un cycle, qui est décrit dans l'ISO 12219‑4.
Notranji zrak v cestnih vozilih - 6. del: Metoda za določevanje emisij polhlapnih organskih spojin iz notranjih delov in materialov pri visoki temperaturi - Metoda z majhno komoro
Ta dokument opisuje kvalitativno in kvantitativno analitično metodo za organske spojine v parni fazi, ki se sproščajo iz sestavnih delov v notranjosti vozila v simuliranih pogojih dejanske uporabe, tj, ko je vozilo več ur parkirano pod neposredno sončno svetlobo. Pod temi pogoji določeni deli in materiali v notranjosti dosežejo temperaturo, višjo od 65 °C (ISO 12219-4), npr. armaturna plošča lahko doseže temperaturo do
120 °C. Ta dokument se lahko uporablja kot izbirni dodatek k standardu ISO 12219-4, tako da je mogoče preskušanje hlapnih organskih spojin (VOC), hlapnega karbonila in polhlapnih organskih spojin (SVOC) opraviti v enem dnevu. Ta del je bil dodan za pridobivanje vpogleda v vedenje emisij in emisijskega potenciala izbranih notranjih delov vozila ter materialov, izpostavljenih višjim temperaturam. (Po dogovoru je kot višja temperatura nastavljena temperatura 100 °C.)
Preskus se izvaja v majhnih komorah za preskušanje emisij (majhne komore). Namen teh majhnih komor je zagotavljanje funkcije prenosa za stopnje emisije vozil. Ta metoda je namenjena za vrednotenje novih sestavnih delov v notranjosti vozila, vendar jo je načeloma mogoče uporabiti tudi za rabljene avtomobilske dele.
Opredeljeni analitični postopek za spojine SVOC in polhlapne karbonile je ISO 16000-6.
Ta dokument je dopolnilo obstoječim standardom[1],[2] preskusnim laboratorijem tretjih oseb in proizvodni industriji pa ponuja pristop za: – prepoznavanje učinka dejanskih pogojev uporabe pri specifičnih podatkih o emisijah VOC in SVOC;
– primerjavo emisij iz različnih sestavov v zvezi s posebnimi emisijami VOC in SVOC;
– vrednotenje in razvrščanje posebnih sestavov glede podatkov o posebnih emisijah VOC in SVOC;
– podajanje podatkov o posebnih emisijah VOC in SVOC za razvijanje in potrjevanje korelacije med metodami na ravni komponent in pri kakovosti zraka v vozilu; ter
– vrednotenje prototipnih sestavov »z nizko stopnjo emisij« med razvojem.
Opisano metodo lahko ekskluzivno izvajate kot preskus visoke temperature ali pa jo izvajate
sočasno v kombinaciji z določanjem spojin VOC pri 65 °C, kar je opisano v standardu ISO 12219-4.
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
01-marec-2018
1RWUDQML]UDNYFHVWQLKYR]LOLKGHO 0HWRGD]DGRORþHYDQMHHPLVLMSROKODSQLK
RUJDQVNLKVSRMLQL]QRWUDQMLKGHORYLQPDWHULDORYSULYLVRNLWHPSHUDWXUL0HWRGD]
PDMKQRNRPRUR
Interior air of road vehicles - Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of
semi-volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at higher
temperature - Small chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers - Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des
émissions de composés organiques semi-volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules à des températures élevées - Méthode de la petit chambre
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12219-6:2017
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
43.020 Cestna vozila na splošno Road vehicles in general
SIST ISO 12219-6:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12219-6
First edition
2017-02
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the
emissions of semi-volatile organic
compounds from vehicle interior parts
and materials at higher temperature
— Small chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des émissions de composés
organiques semi-volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules à des températures élevées — Méthode de la petit chambre
Reference number
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 2
5 Principle . 2
6 Emission test bed preparation . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Small chamber . 3
6.2.1 General. 3
6.2.2 Materials . 3
6.2.3 Tightness . 4
6.2.4 Air mixing . 4
6.2.5 Cleaning . 4
6.3 Small chamber temperature control . 4
6.4 Air humidification . 4
6.5 Clean air supply . 5
7 Quality control . 5
7.1 General . 5
7.2 Airtightness . 6
7.2.1 General. 6
7.2.2 Alternative procedure 1 . 6
7.2.3 Alternative procedure 2 . 6
7.3 Recovery and sink effects. 6
7.4 Supply air . 7
7.4.1 General. 7
7.4.2 Background concentration values . 7
7.4.3 Temperature and humidity . 8
8 Test specimen . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 History of the test specimen . 8
8.3 Packaging, transport and storage of the test specimen . 8
9 Standard emission test procedure . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Cleaning and purification . 9
9.3 Test . 9
9.3.1 General. 9
9.3.2 Preconditioning the sample prior to test . 9
9.3.3 Preparation .10
9.3.4 Cleaning — Phase 1 .10
9.3.5 Preconditioning — Phase 2 .10
9.3.6 Background concentration sampling — Phase 3 .10
9.3.7 Inserting the test specimen — Phase 4 .10
9.3.8 Conditioning at 65 °C — Phase 5 according to ISO 12219-4 .10
9.3.9 Heating up and conditioning at 100 °C — Phase 6 .10
9.3.10 Air sampling at 100 °C — Phase 7 .11
9.3.11 End of testing .11
10 Determination of VOCs at 65 °C and SVOCs at 100 °C in one run .12
11 Calculation of the emission rate .12
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12 Test report .12
13 Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) .14
Annex A (informative) Typical test conditions and example for the experimental setup .15
Bibliography .17
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i so .org/ iso/ foreword .html .
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 12219 can be found on the ISO website.
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Introduction
Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) are widely used in industry and
can be emitted by many everyday products and materials. They have attracted attention in recent
years because of their impact on indoor air quality. After homes and workplaces, people spend a lot
of time in their vehicles. It is important to determine the material emissions of interior parts and to
reduce them to an acceptable level, if required. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain comprehensive and
reliable information about the types of organic compounds in the interior air of vehicles and also their
concentrations.
Monitoring emissions from vehicle trim components can be performed in several ways and the approach
selected depends upon the desired outcome and the material type. For example, to obtain emissions
data from complete assemblies (e.g. a dashboard or seat), it is necessary to employ emission chambers
3
or bags that have sufficient volume to house the complete assembly (typically ≥ 1 m ). The performance
of such tests may take several hours or even days, depending on specified equilibration times and the
requirements of the relevant test protocol.
This document outlines a screening method for measuring the types and levels of VOCs and SVOCs
in vehicle trim components under controlled conditions using a small emission test chamber (small
chamber). The described screening method can be used to investigate the emissions of car interior trim
under conditions of real use where elevated temperatures are prevailing in the cabin of road vehicles.
For this purpose, tests are performed at 65 °C and 100 °C. ISO 12219-6 describes requirements for a
small chamber and a test protocol. Measurements are carried out according to ISO 16000-6 (VOCs).
The capacity of a small chamber is not limited to small assemblies or representative test specimens
of homogeneous car trim materials. Small chambers allow qualitative and quantitative VOC and SVOC
emission data to be measured and recorded. The subsequent emission data can be used to develop a
correlation between material level methods and the vehicle level method.
[2]
This document is based on VDA 276 and correlates to ISO 16000-9.
Besides the ISO 12219-series, there are parts of ISO 16000 which deal with the measurements of
vapour-phase organic chemicals and vapour-phase chemical emissions:
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds for building products —
Micro chamber method
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-
volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and
materials at higher temperature — Small chamber method
WARNING — This method is unsuitable for materials that are not stable at 100 °C in air.
Application of this document for thermally unstable materials could lead to irreversible
contamination of the test equipment.
1 Scope
This document describes a qualitative and quantitative analytical method for vapour-phase organic
compounds released from car trim materials under simulated real use conditions, i.e. a vehicle is
parked for several hours in direct sunlight. Under these conditions, some interior parts and materials
reach higher temperatures than 65 °C (ISO 12219-4), e.g. a dashboard can reach temperatures up to
120 °C. This document can be implemented as an optional addition to ISO 12219-4 so that VOC, volatile
carbonyl and SVOC testing can all be completed within one day. This part has been added to gain insight
into the emission behaviour and emission potential of selected vehicle interior parts and materials
exposed to higher temperatures. (By convention, 100 °C is set as the higher temperature.)
The test is performed in small emission test chambers (small chambers). These small chambers are
intended to provide a transfer function for vehicle level emissions. This method is intended for
evaluating new car interior trim components but can, in principle, be applied to used car components.
The specified analytical procedure for SVOCs and semi-volatile carbonyls is ISO 16000-6.
[1],[2]
This document is complementary to existing standards and provides third party test laboratories
and manufacturing industry with an approach for
— identifying the effect of real use conditions on specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— comparing emissions from various assemblies with regards to specific VOC and SVOC emissions,
— evaluating and sorting specific assemblies regarding specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— providing specific VOC and SVOC emissions data to develop and verify a correlation between
component level methods and in vehicle air quality and
— evaluating prototype, “low-emission” assemblies during development.
The method described can be exclusively performed as a high temperature test or it can be performed
in combination with the determination of VOCs at 65 °C in one run, which is described in ISO 12219-4.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12219-4, Interior air of road vehicles — Part 4: Method for the determination of the emissions of volatile
organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials — Small chamber method
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ISO 16000-6:2011, Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test
®
chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using
MS or MS-FID
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12219-4 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
semi-volatile organic compound
SVOC
organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (240 °C to 260 °C) to (380 °C to 400 °C)
[3]
Note 1 to entry: This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization .
Note 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they
decompose before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification
of compound volatility that can be used for classification of organic chemicals. SVOCs have vapour pressures
−2
between 10 mPa and 10 Pa.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-25:2011, 3.16]
3.2
target semi-volatile organic compound
product-specific semi-volatile organic compound
4 Symbols
Symbol Meaning Unit
t time [h]
3 −2 −1
q area specific air flow rate q =n/L [m ·m ·h ]
A
-2 −1
q emission rate per unit area [µg·m ·h ]
A
−1 −1
q emission rate per unit mass [µg·kg ·h ]
m
−1
n air change rate [h ]
−1
n specific leak rate [h ]
L
2 -3
L surface loading of chamber [m ·m ]
A
3 −1
V air flow rate entering the small chamber [m ·h ]
5 Principle
A vehicle interior trim component or material sample, referred to as a test specimen, is inserted into a
3 3
small chamber (0,5 m to 4,0 m ) and kept under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity and
air change rate (air flow rate). The air inside the chamber is thoroughly mixed at all times so that the
concentration of any organic substances emitted by the test specimen is uniform – both within the
chamber and in the flow of air exhausting from the chamber.
The air exhausting from the chamber is sampled for semi-volatile organic compounds at selected times.
Chemical analysis of these samples allows the chamber air concentration and specific emission rates
from the test specimen to be determined.
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SIST ISO 12219-6:2018
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6 Emission test bed preparation
6.1 General
A test bed to determine gaseous emissions consists of the following functional components/operational
elements:
— small chamber;
— air circulation;
— clean air supply;
— temperature, humidity, and flow control and regulation;
— sample line.
General guidelines regarding suitable construction materials and configurations of test apparatus are
given below. Recommendations for continuous monitoring of the chamber air for quality assurance
purposes are also given in Clause 7.
6.2 Small chamber
6.2.1 General
3 3
The small chamber is an airtight container with the volume of 0,5 m to 4,0 m . A typical standard small
3 3
chamber has a volume of 1 m ± 0,05 m . The chamber volume shall be specified in the test report. Inside
the chamber, there is a device for mixing the air and a stand to guarantee positioning of the component
(see 6.2.2) without touching the walls. An inflow pipe and an outlet air pipe shall be provided to adjust
the air change (air renewal) or to test the air.
An example of a small chamber in the form of a flow chart is shown in Figure 1.
6.2.2 Materials
General specifications and requirements, which apply to all types of small chambers, are provided below.
The small chamber method requires the following key components.
6.2.2.1 Airtight small chamber apparatus.
6.2.2.2 Appropriate wall surfaces and rack. The wall surfaces of the small chamber and the rack
for supporting the test specimen should be made of electropolished high-quality steel. When testing
materials or components that are not compatible with hot stainless steel (e.g. test specimens which
emit odorous reactive substances such as some sulfur-containing compounds), the chamber shall be
constructed of inert materials that don’t emit or absorb organic vapours.
6.2.2.3 Heating mechanism and temperature control system.
6.2.2.4 Sampling line, constructed of an inert, non-emitting and non-adsorbing material which is
heated, if necessary, to prevent condensation/deposition on the inner walls. The length of the sampling
line shall be as short as possible and is restricted to about 3 m. It is strongly recommended to heat up the
sampling line to 120 °C to prevent condensation.
6.2.2.5 Clean air supply and humidification system.
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6.2.2.6 Appropriate monitoring and control systems (to ensure that the test is carried out according
to specified conditions).
6.2.2.7 Appropriate vapour sampling tubes are also required.
6.2.2.8 Appropriate sealing materials (e.g. gaskets or O-rings). Any sealing materials used for
sealing the doors or lids of the small chambers, shall be compatible with high temperatures and exhibit
low emission and low absorption properties even at elevated temperatures. They shall not contribute
significantly to the background vapour concentration. The O-rings or gaskets should be easily removed
to facilitate cleaning or replacement (see 6.2.5). Surfaces of these parts that are in contact with the small
chamber atmosphere shall not exceed in their sum 5 % of the small chamber walls.
6.2.3 Tightness
In order to avoid uncontrolled sample loss, any leakage shall be either
— less than 0,1 % of the volume of the small chamber per minute or
— less than 5 % of the incoming air (delivery air/supply air) in tests with air change (air renewal) at
1 000 Pa excess pressure.
In order to avoid air inflow from outside, a small excess pressure with regard to the atmospheric
pressure in the laboratory or a volume over-current shall be used.
6.2.4 Air mixing
This method relies on the air inside the chamber being thoroughly mixed. A suitable device for mixing
the air is required, that can also fulfil this prerequisite when testing large-volume, bulky material.
The flow rate (flow velocity) in the middle of the empty small chamber shall exceed 0,1 m/s.
NOTE Suitable equipment for measuring air velocity includes hot wire or film anemometers calibrated in the
range 0,1 m/s to 0,5 m/s.
6.2.5 Cleaning
The chamber shall be easy to clean – mechanically and thermally, including ready access to seals
and gaskets. See 7.3 for performance criteria relating to background levels and see 9.2 and 9.3.4 for
information on cleaning procedures.
6.3 Small chamber temperature control
The chamber temperature shall be precisely controlled because there is a strong link between
temperature and the chemical emission rate. The chamber shall be able to maintain a given temperature
within ± 1 °C. Emission rates are specific to a particular temperature; therefore, it is essential to
maintain a constant temperature within the small chamber throughout the emission test/ comparative
analyses.
6.4 Air humidification
The humidification of the supply air in the small chamber shall be carried out in such a way that the
formation of steam, vapour, and aerosols is ruled out. Maintain a relative humidity of 5 % at 65 °C in
the supply air using the humidification unit. This corresponds to a relative humidity of 50 % at 21 °C or
a dew point of 10,4 °C. It is typical to maintain a targeted dew point temperature and then to reheat to
a s
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12219-6
First edition
2017-02
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the
emissions of semi-volatile organic
compounds from vehicle interior parts
and materials at higher temperature
— Small chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des émissions de composés
organiques semi-volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules à des températures élevées — Méthode de la petit chambre
Reference number
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 2
5 Principle . 2
6 Emission test bed preparation . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Small chamber . 3
6.2.1 General. 3
6.2.2 Materials . 3
6.2.3 Tightness . 4
6.2.4 Air mixing . 4
6.2.5 Cleaning . 4
6.3 Small chamber temperature control . 4
6.4 Air humidification . 4
6.5 Clean air supply . 5
7 Quality control . 5
7.1 General . 5
7.2 Airtightness . 6
7.2.1 General. 6
7.2.2 Alternative procedure 1 . 6
7.2.3 Alternative procedure 2 . 6
7.3 Recovery and sink effects. 6
7.4 Supply air . 7
7.4.1 General. 7
7.4.2 Background concentration values . 7
7.4.3 Temperature and humidity . 8
8 Test specimen . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 History of the test specimen . 8
8.3 Packaging, transport and storage of the test specimen . 8
9 Standard emission test procedure . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Cleaning and purification . 9
9.3 Test . 9
9.3.1 General. 9
9.3.2 Preconditioning the sample prior to test . 9
9.3.3 Preparation .10
9.3.4 Cleaning — Phase 1 .10
9.3.5 Preconditioning — Phase 2 .10
9.3.6 Background concentration sampling — Phase 3 .10
9.3.7 Inserting the test specimen — Phase 4 .10
9.3.8 Conditioning at 65 °C — Phase 5 according to ISO 12219-4 .10
9.3.9 Heating up and conditioning at 100 °C — Phase 6 .10
9.3.10 Air sampling at 100 °C — Phase 7 .11
9.3.11 End of testing .11
10 Determination of VOCs at 65 °C and SVOCs at 100 °C in one run .12
11 Calculation of the emission rate .12
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
12 Test report .12
13 Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) .14
Annex A (informative) Typical test conditions and example for the experimental setup .15
Bibliography .17
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i so .org/ iso/ foreword .html .
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 12219 can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Introduction
Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) are widely used in industry and
can be emitted by many everyday products and materials. They have attracted attention in recent
years because of their impact on indoor air quality. After homes and workplaces, people spend a lot
of time in their vehicles. It is important to determine the material emissions of interior parts and to
reduce them to an acceptable level, if required. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain comprehensive and
reliable information about the types of organic compounds in the interior air of vehicles and also their
concentrations.
Monitoring emissions from vehicle trim components can be performed in several ways and the approach
selected depends upon the desired outcome and the material type. For example, to obtain emissions
data from complete assemblies (e.g. a dashboard or seat), it is necessary to employ emission chambers
3
or bags that have sufficient volume to house the complete assembly (typically ≥ 1 m ). The performance
of such tests may take several hours or even days, depending on specified equilibration times and the
requirements of the relevant test protocol.
This document outlines a screening method for measuring the types and levels of VOCs and SVOCs
in vehicle trim components under controlled conditions using a small emission test chamber (small
chamber). The described screening method can be used to investigate the emissions of car interior trim
under conditions of real use where elevated temperatures are prevailing in the cabin of road vehicles.
For this purpose, tests are performed at 65 °C and 100 °C. ISO 12219-6 describes requirements for a
small chamber and a test protocol. Measurements are carried out according to ISO 16000-6 (VOCs).
The capacity of a small chamber is not limited to small assemblies or representative test specimens
of homogeneous car trim materials. Small chambers allow qualitative and quantitative VOC and SVOC
emission data to be measured and recorded. The subsequent emission data can be used to develop a
correlation between material level methods and the vehicle level method.
[2]
This document is based on VDA 276 and correlates to ISO 16000-9.
Besides the ISO 12219-series, there are parts of ISO 16000 which deal with the measurements of
vapour-phase organic chemicals and vapour-phase chemical emissions:
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds for building products —
Micro chamber method
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-
volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and
materials at higher temperature — Small chamber method
WARNING — This method is unsuitable for materials that are not stable at 100 °C in air.
Application of this document for thermally unstable materials could lead to irreversible
contamination of the test equipment.
1 Scope
This document describes a qualitative and quantitative analytical method for vapour-phase organic
compounds released from car trim materials under simulated real use conditions, i.e. a vehicle is
parked for several hours in direct sunlight. Under these conditions, some interior parts and materials
reach higher temperatures than 65 °C (ISO 12219-4), e.g. a dashboard can reach temperatures up to
120 °C. This document can be implemented as an optional addition to ISO 12219-4 so that VOC, volatile
carbonyl and SVOC testing can all be completed within one day. This part has been added to gain insight
into the emission behaviour and emission potential of selected vehicle interior parts and materials
exposed to higher temperatures. (By convention, 100 °C is set as the higher temperature.)
The test is performed in small emission test chambers (small chambers). These small chambers are
intended to provide a transfer function for vehicle level emissions. This method is intended for
evaluating new car interior trim components but can, in principle, be applied to used car components.
The specified analytical procedure for SVOCs and semi-volatile carbonyls is ISO 16000-6.
[1],[2]
This document is complementary to existing standards and provides third party test laboratories
and manufacturing industry with an approach for
— identifying the effect of real use conditions on specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— comparing emissions from various assemblies with regards to specific VOC and SVOC emissions,
— evaluating and sorting specific assemblies regarding specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— providing specific VOC and SVOC emissions data to develop and verify a correlation between
component level methods and in vehicle air quality and
— evaluating prototype, “low-emission” assemblies during development.
The method described can be exclusively performed as a high temperature test or it can be performed
in combination with the determination of VOCs at 65 °C in one run, which is described in ISO 12219-4.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12219-4, Interior air of road vehicles — Part 4: Method for the determination of the emissions of volatile
organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials — Small chamber method
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
ISO 16000-6:2011, Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test
®
chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using
MS or MS-FID
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12219-4 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
semi-volatile organic compound
SVOC
organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (240 °C to 260 °C) to (380 °C to 400 °C)
[3]
Note 1 to entry: This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization .
Note 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they
decompose before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification
of compound volatility that can be used for classification of organic chemicals. SVOCs have vapour pressures
−2
between 10 mPa and 10 Pa.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-25:2011, 3.16]
3.2
target semi-volatile organic compound
product-specific semi-volatile organic compound
4 Symbols
Symbol Meaning Unit
t time [h]
3 −2 −1
q area specific air flow rate q =n/L [m ·m ·h ]
A
-2 −1
q emission rate per unit area [µg·m ·h ]
A
−1 −1
q emission rate per unit mass [µg·kg ·h ]
m
−1
n air change rate [h ]
−1
n specific leak rate [h ]
L
2 -3
L surface loading of chamber [m ·m ]
A
3 −1
V air flow rate entering the small chamber [m ·h ]
5 Principle
A vehicle interior trim component or material sample, referred to as a test specimen, is inserted into a
3 3
small chamber (0,5 m to 4,0 m ) and kept under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity and
air change rate (air flow rate). The air inside the chamber is thoroughly mixed at all times so that the
concentration of any organic substances emitted by the test specimen is uniform – both within the
chamber and in the flow of air exhausting from the chamber.
The air exhausting from the chamber is sampled for semi-volatile organic compounds at selected times.
Chemical analysis of these samples allows the chamber air concentration and specific emission rates
from the test specimen to be determined.
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6 Emission test bed preparation
6.1 General
A test bed to determine gaseous emissions consists of the following functional components/operational
elements:
— small chamber;
— air circulation;
— clean air supply;
— temperature, humidity, and flow control and regulation;
— sample line.
General guidelines regarding suitable construction materials and configurations of test apparatus are
given below. Recommendations for continuous monitoring of the chamber air for quality assurance
purposes are also given in Clause 7.
6.2 Small chamber
6.2.1 General
3 3
The small chamber is an airtight container with the volume of 0,5 m to 4,0 m . A typical standard small
3 3
chamber has a volume of 1 m ± 0,05 m . The chamber volume shall be specified in the test report. Inside
the chamber, there is a device for mixing the air and a stand to guarantee positioning of the component
(see 6.2.2) without touching the walls. An inflow pipe and an outlet air pipe shall be provided to adjust
the air change (air renewal) or to test the air.
An example of a small chamber in the form of a flow chart is shown in Figure 1.
6.2.2 Materials
General specifications and requirements, which apply to all types of small chambers, are provided below.
The small chamber method requires the following key components.
6.2.2.1 Airtight small chamber apparatus.
6.2.2.2 Appropriate wall surfaces and rack. The wall surfaces of the small chamber and the rack
for supporting the test specimen should be made of electropolished high-quality steel. When testing
materials or components that are not compatible with hot stainless steel (e.g. test specimens which
emit odorous reactive substances such as some sulfur-containing compounds), the chamber shall be
constructed of inert materials that don’t emit or absorb organic vapours.
6.2.2.3 Heating mechanism and temperature control system.
6.2.2.4 Sampling line, constructed of an inert, non-emitting and non-adsorbing material which is
heated, if necessary, to prevent condensation/deposition on the inner walls. The length of the sampling
line shall be as short as possible and is restricted to about 3 m. It is strongly recommended to heat up the
sampling line to 120 °C to prevent condensation.
6.2.2.5 Clean air supply and humidification system.
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6.2.2.6 Appropriate monitoring and control systems (to ensure that the test is carried out according
to specified conditions).
6.2.2.7 Appropriate vapour sampling tubes are also required.
6.2.2.8 Appropriate sealing materials (e.g. gaskets or O-rings). Any sealing materials used for
sealing the doors or lids of the small chambers, shall be compatible with high temperatures and exhibit
low emission and low absorption properties even at elevated temperatures. They shall not contribute
significantly to the background vapour concentration. The O-rings or gaskets should be easily removed
to facilitate cleaning or replacement (see 6.2.5). Surfaces of these parts that are in contact with the small
chamber atmosphere shall not exceed in their sum 5 % of the small chamber walls.
6.2.3 Tightness
In order to avoid uncontrolled sample loss, any leakage shall be either
— less than 0,1 % of the volume of the small chamber per minute or
— less than 5 % of the incoming air (delivery air/supply air) in tests with air change (air renewal) at
1 000 Pa excess pressure.
In order to avoid air inflow from outside, a small excess pressure with regard to the atmospheric
pressure in the laboratory or a volume over-current shall be used.
6.2.4 Air mixing
This method relies on the air inside the chamber being thoroughly mixed. A suitable device for mixing
the air is required, that can also fulfil this prerequisite when testing large-volume, bulky material.
The flow rate (flow velocity) in the middle of the empty small chamber shall exceed 0,1 m/s.
NOTE Suitable equipment for measuring air velocity includes hot wire or film anemometers calibrated in the
range 0,1 m/s to 0,5 m/s.
6.2.5 Cleaning
The chamber shall be easy to clean – mechanically and thermally, including ready access to seals
and gaskets. See 7.3 for performance criteria relating to background levels and see 9.2 and 9.3.4 for
information on cleaning procedures.
6.3 Small chamber temperature control
The chamber temperature shall be precisely controlled because there is a strong link between
temperature and the chemical emission rate. The chamber shall be able to maintain a given temperature
within ± 1 °C. Emission rates are specific to a particular temperature; therefore, it is essential to
maintain a constant temperature within the small chamber throughout the emission test/ comparative
analyses.
6.4 Air humidification
The humidification of the supply air in the small chamber shall be carried out in such a way that the
formation of steam, vapour, and aerosols is ruled out. Maintain a relative humidity of 5 % at 65 °C in
the supply air using the humidification unit. This corresponds to a relative humidity of 50 % at 21 °C or
a dew point of 10,4 °C. It is typical to maintain a targeted dew point temperature and then to reheat to
a specified air temperature by the feedback from a RH sensor in the chamber. Maintaining a constant
dew point and air temperature produces a very constant relative humidity.
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6.5 Clean air supply
Tests with air change or air renewal and air sampling require a flow of clean air. An air change or air
−1
renewal of 0,4 h , under the test conditions (65 °C, ambient pressure), shall be set with an accuracy
of ± 5 %. When regulating the supply air flow, the temperature and pressure conditions at which the
mass flow controller was calibrated shall be taken into account.
To prevent localized cooling of the chamber and material/component near the air inlet, the inlet air
supply is normally heated up in the heating jacket between the small chamber and the outer test cabinet.
Before the start of a test, the sum of the concentrations of volatile and semi-volatile organic hydrocarbon
−3
combinations in the supply air shall not be more than 50 µg m ; for individual substances, the
−3
concentration shall not be more than 5 µg m .
Particulate matter in the clean air supply shall be reduced through a particle filter in order to avoid the
adsorption of compounds.
Key
1 air circulation 4 small chamber
2 controlled humidified flow 5 heated sample line
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 12219-6
Première édition
2017-02
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 6:
Méthode pour la détermination des
émissions de composés organiques
semi-volatils des pièces et matériaux
intérieurs des véhicules à des
températures élevées — Méthode de
la petite chambre
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-volatile
organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at
higher temperature — Small chamber method
Numéro de référence
ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
©
ISO 2017
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2017, Publié en Suisse
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée
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l’internet ou sur un Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à
l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 2
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Symboles . 2
5 Principe . 3
6 Préparation du banc d’essai d’émissions. 3
6.1 Généralités . 3
6.2 Petite chambre . 3
6.2.1 Généralités . 3
6.2.2 Matériaux . 3
6.2.3 Étanchéité . 4
6.2.4 Mélange d’air . 4
6.2.5 Nettoyage. 4
6.3 Régulation de la température de la petite chambre . 5
6.4 Humidification de l’air . 5
6.5 Alimentation en air propre . 5
7 Contrôle qualité . 6
7.1 Généralités . 6
7.2 Étanchéité à l’air . 6
7.2.1 Généralités . 6
7.2.2 Mode opératoire alternatif 1 . 6
7.2.3 Mode opératoire alternatif 2 . 7
7.3 Taux de récupération et effets de puits . 7
7.4 Air d’alimentation . 7
7.4.1 Généralités . 7
7.4.2 Valeurs du bruit de fond . 8
7.4.3 Température et humidité . 8
8 Éprouvette d’essai . 8
8.1 Généralités . 8
8.2 Historique de l’éprouvette d’essai . 8
8.3 Emballage, transport et stockage de l’éprouvette d’essai . 9
9 Mode opératoire d’essai d’émission normalisé . 9
9.1 Généralités . 9
9.2 Nettoyage et purification . 9
9.3 Essai .10
9.3.1 Généralités .10
9.3.2 Préconditionnement de l’échantillon avant essai .10
9.3.3 Préparation .10
9.3.4 Nettoyage — Phase 1 .10
9.3.5 Préconditionnement — Phase 2 .10
9.3.6 Échantillonnage pour déterminer le bruit de fond — Phase 3 .10
9.3.7 Insertion de l’éprouvette d’essai — Phase 4 .10
9.3.8 Conditionnement à 65 °C — Phase 5 selon l’ISO 12219-4 .11
9.3.9 Chauffage et conditionnement à 100 °C — Phase 6 .11
9.3.10 Échantillonnage d’air à 100 °C — Phase 7 .11
9.3.11 Fin de l’essai .11
10 Dosage des COV à 65 °C et des COSV à 100 °C en un cycle .12
11 Calcul du taux d’émission .12
© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés iii
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
12 Rapport d’essai .13
13 Assurance qualité/contrôle qualité (AQ/CQ) .14
Annexe A (informative) Conditions d’essai types et exemple de montage expérimental .16
Bibliographie .18
iv © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www.iso.org/avant-propos.
Le comité chargé de l’élaboration du présent document est le comité technique ISO/TC 146, Qualité de
l’air, sous-comité SC 6, Air intérieur.
Une liste de toutes les parties de l’ISO 12219 est disponible sur le site Internet de l’ISO.
© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés v
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
Introduction
Les composés organiques volatils et semi-volatils (COV et COSV) sont couramment utilisés dans
l’industrie et peuvent être émis par de nombreux produits et matériaux de tous les jours. Ces dernières
années, ils ont été au cœur de l’attention en raison de leur impact sur la qualité de l’air intérieur. Après
leur domicile et leur lieu de travail, les individus passent beaucoup de temps dans leur véhicule. Il est
important de déterminer les émissions des matériaux des pièces intérieures et, si nécessaire, de les
réduire à un niveau acceptable. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire d’obtenir des informations exhaustives
et fiables concernant les types de composés organiques présents dans l’air intérieur des véhicules, ainsi
que leur concentration.
Le contrôle des émissions des matériaux de garnissage automobiles peut être effectué de plusieurs
manières et la méthode choisie dépend du résultat espéré ainsi que du type de matériau. Par exemple,
pour obtenir des données d'émissions d'ensembles complets (par exemple tableau de bord ou siège), il
est nécessaire d’utiliser des chambres d’émission ou des sacs ayant un volume suffisant pour accueillir
3
l’ensemble complet (en général ≥1 m ). Le déroulement de ces essais peut prendre plusieurs heures
voire plusieurs jours selon les temps d’équilibre spécifiés et les exigences du protocole d’essai appliqué.
Le présent document décrit une méthode de screening pour mesurer les types et les concentrations
de COV et COSV dans les matériaux de garnissage automobiles sous des conditions contrôlées, en
utilisant une petite chambre d’essai d’émission (petite chambre). La méthode de screening décrite peut
être utilisée pour étudier les émissions des garnissages intérieurs de véhicules dans des conditions
d’utilisation réelle où les températures dans l’habitacle des véhicules routiers sont élevées. Pour cela,
des essais sont effectués à 65 °C et 100 °C. L’ISO 12219-6 décrit les exigences applicables à une petite
chambre et un protocole d’essai. Les mesurages sont réalisés conformément à l’ISO 16000-6 (COV).
La capacité d’une petite chambre ne se limite pas aux petits ensembles ou aux éprouvettes d’essai
représentatives de matériaux homogènes des garnissages intérieurs de véhicules. Les petites chambres
permettent de mesurer et d’enregistrer des données d’émissions de COV et COSV qualitatives et
quantitatives. Les données d’émissions ultérieures peuvent être utilisées pour établir une corrélation
entre la méthode orientée matériau et la méthode orientée véhicule.
[2]
Le présent document repose sur la VDA 276 et est en corrélation avec l’ISO 16000-9.
Outre la série ISO 12219, il existe des parties de l’ISO 16000 qui traitent des mesurages des produits
chimiques organiques en phase vapeur et des émissions chimiques en phase vapeur:
— Partie 3: Dosage du formaldéhyde et d’autres composés carbonylés dans l’air intérieur et dans l’air des
chambres d’essai — Méthode par échantillonnage actif
— Partie 5: Stratégie d’échantillonnage pour les composés organiques volatils (COV)
— Partie 6: Dosage des composés organiques volatils dans l’air intérieur des locaux et chambres d’essai
®
par échantillonnage actif sur le sorbant Tenax TA , désorption thermique et chromatographie en phase
gazeuse utilisant MS ou MS-FID
— Partie 9: Détermination de l'émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et
d’objets d’équipement — Méthode de la chambre d’essai d’émission
— Partie 10: Détermination de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et
d’objets d’équipement — Méthode de la cellule d’essai d’émission
— Partie 11: Détermination de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et
d’objets d’équipement — Échantillonnage, conservation des échantillons et préparation d’échantillons
pour essai
— Partie 24: Essai de performance pour l’évaluation de la réduction des concentrations en composés
organiques volatils et en composés carbonylés sans formaldéhyde, par des matériaux de construction
sorptifs
vi © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
— Partie 25: Détermination de l’émission de composés organiques semi-volatils des produits de
construction — Méthode de la micro-chambre
© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés vii
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 6:
Méthode pour la détermination des émissions de
composés organiques semi-volatils des pièces et matériaux
intérieurs des véhicules à des températures élevées —
Méthode de la petite chambre
AVERTISSEMENT — Cette méthode ne convient pas aux matériaux instables à 100 °C dans l’air.
L’application du présent document aux matériaux thermiquement instables peut entraîner une
contamination irréversible du matériel d’essai.
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document décrit une méthode d’analyse qualitative et quantitative des composés organiques
en phase vapeur libérés par les garnissages intérieurs de véhicules dans des conditions d’utilisation
réelle simulées, c’est-à-dire un véhicule garé plusieurs heures à la lumière directe du soleil. Dans ces
conditions, certaines pièces et certains matériaux intérieurs atteignent des températures supérieures
à 65 °C (ISO 12219-4), par exemple un tableau de bord peut atteindre des températures allant jusqu’à
120 °C. Le présent document peut être mis œuvre comme supplément facultatif à l’ISO 12219-4, de sorte
que les essais COV, composés carbonylés volatils et COSV peuvent tous être effectués en un jour. Cette
partie a été ajoutée pour mieux comprendre le comportement d’émission et le potentiel d’émission des
pièces et des matériaux intérieurs de véhicules sélectionnés exposés à des températures élevées. (Par
convention, 100 °C est définie comme étant la plus haute température).
L’essai est effectué dans des petites chambres d’essai d’émission (petites chambres). Ces petites
chambres sont destinées à assurer une fonction de transfert aux émissions orientées véhicule. Cette
méthode sert à évaluer les nouveaux composants des garnissages intérieurs de véhicules mais peut, en
principe, être appliquée aux composants de véhicules usagés.
Le mode opératoire analytique spécifié pour les COSV et les composés carbonylés semi-volatils est
l’ISO 16000-6.
[1][2]
Le présent document complète les normes existantes et fournit aux laboratoires d’essai tiers et au
secteur industriel une méthode pour:
— identifier l’effet des conditions d’utilisation réelle sur les données d’émissions de COV et COSV
spécifiques,
— comparer les émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques de différents ensembles,
— évaluer et trier les données d’émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques des ensembles,
— fournir des données d’émissions de COV et COSV spécifiques pour établir et vérifier une corrélation
entre la méthode orientée composant et la qualité de l’air dans le véhicule, et
— évaluer les ensembles prototypes de «faibles émissions» pendant le développement.
La méthode décrite peut être exclusivement effectuée à titre d’essai à haute température ou peut être
réalisée en combinaison avec le dosage des COV à 65 °C en un cycle, qui est décrit dans l’ISO 12219-4.
© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés 1
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ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont référencés dans le texte de sorte qu’une partie ou la totalité de leur
contenu constitue les exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée
s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y
compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 12219-4, Air intérieur des véhicules routiers — Partie 4: Méthode de détermination des émissions de
composés organiques volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des véhicules — Méthode de la petite chambre
ISO 16000-6:2011, Air intérieur — Partie 6: Dosage des composés organiques volatils dans l’air intérieur
®
des locaux et chambres d’essai par échantillonnage actif sur le sorbant Tenax TA , désorption thermique et
chromatographie en phase gazeuse utilisant MS ou MS-FID
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO 12219-4 ainsi que les
suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online Browsing Platform (OBP): disponible à l’adresse http://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
composé organique semi-volatil
COSV
composé organique dont le point d'ébullition se situe entre (240 °C à 260 °C) et (380 °C à 400 °C)
[3]
Note 1 à l'article: à l’article Cette classification a été définie par l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé .
Note 2 à l'article: à l’article Les points d'ébullition de certains composés sont difficiles, voire impossibles à
déterminer puisque leur décomposition intervient avant l'ébullition à pression atmosphérique. La tension de
vapeur constitue un autre critère de classification de la volatilité des composés pouvant servir dans le cadre de la
−2
classification de produits chimiques organiques. Les COSV ont des tensions de vapeur comprises entre 10 mPa
et 10 Pa.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-25:2011, 3.16]
3.2
composé organique semi-volatil cible
composé organique semi-volatil spécifique au produit
4 Symboles
Symbole Signification Unité
t temps [h]
3 −2 −1
q débit d’air spécifique par unité de surface q = n/L [m ·m ·h ]
A
−2 −1
q taux d’émission par unité de surface [µg·m ·h ]
A
−1 −1
q taux d’émission par unité de masse [µg·kg ·h ]
m
−1
n taux de renouvellement d’air [h ]
−1
n taux de fuite spécifique [h ]
L
2 −3
L surface de charge de la chambre [m ·m ]
A
3 −1
V débit d’air entrant dans la petite chambre [m ·h ]
2 © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
5 Principe
Un échantillon de matériau ou de composant de garnissage intérieur de véhicule, appelé éprouvette
3 3
d’essai, est inséré dans une petite chambre (0,5 m à 4,0 m ) et stocké dans des conditions de
température, d’humidité et de taux de renouvellement d’air (débit d’air) contrôlées. L’air présent à
l’intérieur de la chambre est soigneusement mélangé sans interruption afin que la concentration en
substances organiques émises par l’éprouvette d’essai soit uniforme – aussi bien dans la chambre que
dans le flux d’air sortant de la chambre.
Les composés organiques semi-volatils de l’air sortant de la chambre sont prélevés à des temps
sélectionnés. L’analyse chimique de ces échantillons permet de déterminer la concentration en air de la
chambre et les taux d’émission spécifiques de l’éprouvette d’essai.
6 Préparation du banc d’essai d’émissions
6.1 Généralités
Un banc d’essai pour déterminer les émissions gazeuses comprend les composants fonctionnels/éléments
opérationnels suivants:
— une petite chambre;
— une circulation d’air;
— une alimentation en air propre;
— un système de contrôle et de régulation de la température, de l’humidité et du débit;
— une ligne d’échantillonnage.
Les lignes directrices générales applicables aux matériaux de construction et aux configurations de
l’appareillage d’essai sont données ci-dessous. Des recommandations relatives au contrôle continu de
l’air de la chambre à des fins d’assurance qualité sont également données dans l’Article 7.
6.2 Petite chambre
6.2.1 Généralités
3 3
La petite chambre est un récipient étanche à l’air d’un volume de 0,5 m à 4,0 m . Une petite chambre
3 3
type a un volume de 1 m ± 0,05 m . Le volume de la chambre doit être spécifié dans le rapport d’essai.
À l’intérieur de la chambre se trouvent un dispositif de mélange de l’air et un support pour garantir
le positionnement du composant (voir 6.2.2) sans contact avec les parois. Un tuyau d’admission et un
tuyau d’évacuation de l’air doivent être installés pour ajuster le taux de renouvellement d’air ou pour
analyser l’air.
Un exemple de petite chambre est illustré à la Figure 1 sus la forme d’un logigramme.
6.2.2 Matériaux
Des spécifications et des exigences générales, applicables à tous les types de petites chambres, sont
données ci-après.
La méthode de la petite chambre requiert les composants clés suivants.
6.2.2.1 Petite chambre étanche à l’air.
6.2.2.2 Surfaces de la paroi et rack appropriés. Il convient que les surfaces de la paroi de la petite
chambre et le rack de positionnement de l’éprouvette d’essai soient en acier électropoli de haute qualité.
© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés 3
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 12219-6:2017(F)
Lors de l’analyse de matériaux ou de composants non compatibles avec l’acide inoxydable chaud (par
exemple éprouvettes d’essai émettant des substances réactives odorantes telles que certains composés
contenant du soufre), la chambre doit être fabriquée avec des matériaux inertes qui n’émettent pas ou
n’absorbent pas les vapeurs organiques.
6.2.2.3 Mécanisme de chauffage et système de régulation de la température.
6.2.2.4 Ligne d’échantillonnage, fabriquée avec un matériau inerte, non émetteur et non absorbant,
et chauffée, si nécessaire, pour empêcher toute condensation/tout dépôt sur les parois internes. La
longueur de la ligne d’échantillonnage doit être aussi courte que possible et est limitée à 3 m environ.
Il est vivement recommandé de chauffer la ligne d’échantillonnage à 120 °C pour empêcher toute
condensation.
6.2.2.5 Système d’alimentation en air propre et d’humidification de l’air.
6.2.2.6 Systèmes de surveillance et de contrôle appropriés (pour garantir que l’essai est effectué
conformément aux conditions spécifiées).
6.2.2.7 Tubes d’échantillonnage de la vapeur appropriés.
6.2.2.8 Matériaux d’étanchéité appropriés (par exemple joints ou joints toriques). Les matériaux
d’étanchéité utilisés pour étanchéifier les portes ou les couvercles des petites chambres, doivent être
compatibles avec des températures élevées et doivent présenter de faibles propriétés d’émission et
d’absorption, même à des températures élevées. Ils ne doivent pas contribuer de façon significative au
bruit de fond de la vapeur. Il convient que les joints toriques ou les joints puissent être facilement enlevés
pour faciliter le nettoyage ou le remplacement (voir 6.2.5). Les surfaces de ces pièces qui sont en contact
avec l’atmosphère de la petite chambre ne doivent pas dépasser, si on les additionne, 5 % des parois de la
petite chambre.
6.2.3 Étanchéité
Pour éviter tout perte d’échantillon incontrôlée, toute fuite doit être soit:
— inférieure à 0,1 % du volume de la petite chambre par minute, soit
— inférieure à 5 % de l’air entrant (air introduit/air d’alimentation) lors des essais avec renouvellement
d’air à une surpression de 1 000 Pa.
Pour éviter toute entrée d’air depuis l’extérieur, une légère surpression par rapport à la pression
atmosphérique en laboratoire ou une surintensité volumique doit être utilisée.
6.2.4 Mélange d’air
Cette méthode repose sur le soigneux mélange de l’air contenu dans la chambre. Un mélangeur d’air
approprié, pouvant également satisfaire à ce préalable lorsqu’un matériau volumineux est soumis à
essai, est requis.
Le débit (vitesse d’écoulement) au centre de la petite chambre vide doit être supérieur à 0,1 m/s.
NOTE Les anémomètres à fil chaud ou à film, étalonnés dans la pl
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
01-september-2017
1RWUDQML]UDNYFHVWQLKYR]LOLKGHO 0HWRGD]DGRORþHYDQMHHPLVLMSROKODSQLK
RUJDQVNLKVSRMLQL]QRWUDQMLKGHORYLQPDWHULDORYSULYLVRNLWHPSHUDWXUL0HWRGD]
PDMKQRNRPRUR
Interior air of road vehicles - Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of
semi-volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at higher
temperature - Small chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers - Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des
émissions de composés organiques semi-volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules à des températures élevées - Méthode de la petit chambre
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12219-6:2017
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
43.020 Cestna vozila na splošno Road vehicles in general
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12219-6
First edition
2017-02
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the
emissions of semi-volatile organic
compounds from vehicle interior parts
and materials at higher temperature
— Small chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 6: Méthode pour la détermination des émissions de composés
organiques semi-volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules à des températures élevées — Méthode de la petit chambre
Reference number
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 2
5 Principle . 2
6 Emission test bed preparation . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Small chamber . 3
6.2.1 General. 3
6.2.2 Materials . 3
6.2.3 Tightness . 4
6.2.4 Air mixing . 4
6.2.5 Cleaning . 4
6.3 Small chamber temperature control . 4
6.4 Air humidification . 4
6.5 Clean air supply . 5
7 Quality control . 5
7.1 General . 5
7.2 Airtightness . 6
7.2.1 General. 6
7.2.2 Alternative procedure 1 . 6
7.2.3 Alternative procedure 2 . 6
7.3 Recovery and sink effects. 6
7.4 Supply air . 7
7.4.1 General. 7
7.4.2 Background concentration values . 7
7.4.3 Temperature and humidity . 8
8 Test specimen . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 History of the test specimen . 8
8.3 Packaging, transport and storage of the test specimen . 8
9 Standard emission test procedure . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 Cleaning and purification . 9
9.3 Test . 9
9.3.1 General. 9
9.3.2 Preconditioning the sample prior to test . 9
9.3.3 Preparation .10
9.3.4 Cleaning — Phase 1 .10
9.3.5 Preconditioning — Phase 2 .10
9.3.6 Background concentration sampling — Phase 3 .10
9.3.7 Inserting the test specimen — Phase 4 .10
9.3.8 Conditioning at 65 °C — Phase 5 according to ISO 12219-4 .10
9.3.9 Heating up and conditioning at 100 °C — Phase 6 .10
9.3.10 Air sampling at 100 °C — Phase 7 .11
9.3.11 End of testing .11
10 Determination of VOCs at 65 °C and SVOCs at 100 °C in one run .12
11 Calculation of the emission rate .12
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
12 Test report .12
13 Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) .14
Annex A (informative) Typical test conditions and example for the experimental setup .15
Bibliography .17
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i so .org/ iso/ foreword .html .
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 12219 can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Introduction
Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) are widely used in industry and
can be emitted by many everyday products and materials. They have attracted attention in recent
years because of their impact on indoor air quality. After homes and workplaces, people spend a lot
of time in their vehicles. It is important to determine the material emissions of interior parts and to
reduce them to an acceptable level, if required. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain comprehensive and
reliable information about the types of organic compounds in the interior air of vehicles and also their
concentrations.
Monitoring emissions from vehicle trim components can be performed in several ways and the approach
selected depends upon the desired outcome and the material type. For example, to obtain emissions
data from complete assemblies (e.g. a dashboard or seat), it is necessary to employ emission chambers
3
or bags that have sufficient volume to house the complete assembly (typically ≥ 1 m ). The performance
of such tests may take several hours or even days, depending on specified equilibration times and the
requirements of the relevant test protocol.
This document outlines a screening method for measuring the types and levels of VOCs and SVOCs
in vehicle trim components under controlled conditions using a small emission test chamber (small
chamber). The described screening method can be used to investigate the emissions of car interior trim
under conditions of real use where elevated temperatures are prevailing in the cabin of road vehicles.
For this purpose, tests are performed at 65 °C and 100 °C. ISO 12219-6 describes requirements for a
small chamber and a test protocol. Measurements are carried out according to ISO 16000-6 (VOCs).
The capacity of a small chamber is not limited to small assemblies or representative test specimens
of homogeneous car trim materials. Small chambers allow qualitative and quantitative VOC and SVOC
emission data to be measured and recorded. The subsequent emission data can be used to develop a
correlation between material level methods and the vehicle level method.
[2]
This document is based on VDA 276 and correlates to ISO 16000-9.
Besides the ISO 12219-series, there are parts of ISO 16000 which deal with the measurements of
vapour-phase organic chemicals and vapour-phase chemical emissions:
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds for building products —
Micro chamber method
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 6:
Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-
volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and
materials at higher temperature — Small chamber method
WARNING — This method is unsuitable for materials that are not stable at 100 °C in air.
Application of this document for thermally unstable materials could lead to irreversible
contamination of the test equipment.
1 Scope
This document describes a qualitative and quantitative analytical method for vapour-phase organic
compounds released from car trim materials under simulated real use conditions, i.e. a vehicle is
parked for several hours in direct sunlight. Under these conditions, some interior parts and materials
reach higher temperatures than 65 °C (ISO 12219-4), e.g. a dashboard can reach temperatures up to
120 °C. This document can be implemented as an optional addition to ISO 12219-4 so that VOC, volatile
carbonyl and SVOC testing can all be completed within one day. This part has been added to gain insight
into the emission behaviour and emission potential of selected vehicle interior parts and materials
exposed to higher temperatures. (By convention, 100 °C is set as the higher temperature.)
The test is performed in small emission test chambers (small chambers). These small chambers are
intended to provide a transfer function for vehicle level emissions. This method is intended for
evaluating new car interior trim components but can, in principle, be applied to used car components.
The specified analytical procedure for SVOCs and semi-volatile carbonyls is ISO 16000-6.
[1],[2]
This document is complementary to existing standards and provides third party test laboratories
and manufacturing industry with an approach for
— identifying the effect of real use conditions on specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— comparing emissions from various assemblies with regards to specific VOC and SVOC emissions,
— evaluating and sorting specific assemblies regarding specific VOC and SVOC emissions data,
— providing specific VOC and SVOC emissions data to develop and verify a correlation between
component level methods and in vehicle air quality and
— evaluating prototype, “low-emission” assemblies during development.
The method described can be exclusively performed as a high temperature test or it can be performed
in combination with the determination of VOCs at 65 °C in one run, which is described in ISO 12219-4.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12219-4, Interior air of road vehicles — Part 4: Method for the determination of the emissions of volatile
organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials — Small chamber method
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 1
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
ISO 16000-6:2011, Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test
®
chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using
MS or MS-FID
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12219-4 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
semi-volatile organic compound
SVOC
organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (240 °C to 260 °C) to (380 °C to 400 °C)
[3]
Note 1 to entry: This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization .
Note 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they
decompose before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification
of compound volatility that can be used for classification of organic chemicals. SVOCs have vapour pressures
−2
between 10 mPa and 10 Pa.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-25:2011, 3.16]
3.2
target semi-volatile organic compound
product-specific semi-volatile organic compound
4 Symbols
Symbol Meaning Unit
t time [h]
3 −2 −1
q area specific air flow rate q =n/L [m ·m ·h ]
A
-2 −1
q emission rate per unit area [µg·m ·h ]
A
−1 −1
q emission rate per unit mass [µg·kg ·h ]
m
−1
n air change rate [h ]
−1
n specific leak rate [h ]
L
2 -3
L surface loading of chamber [m ·m ]
A
3 −1
V air flow rate entering the small chamber [m ·h ]
5 Principle
A vehicle interior trim component or material sample, referred to as a test specimen, is inserted into a
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small chamber (0,5 m to 4,0 m ) and kept under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity and
air change rate (air flow rate). The air inside the chamber is thoroughly mixed at all times so that the
concentration of any organic substances emitted by the test specimen is uniform – both within the
chamber and in the flow of air exhausting from the chamber.
The air exhausting from the chamber is sampled for semi-volatile organic compounds at selected times.
Chemical analysis of these samples allows the chamber air concentration and specific emission rates
from the test specimen to be determined.
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6 Emission test bed preparation
6.1 General
A test bed to determine gaseous emissions consists of the following functional components/operational
elements:
— small chamber;
— air circulation;
— clean air supply;
— temperature, humidity, and flow control and regulation;
— sample line.
General guidelines regarding suitable construction materials and configurations of test apparatus are
given below. Recommendations for continuous monitoring of the chamber air for quality assurance
purposes are also given in Clause 7.
6.2 Small chamber
6.2.1 General
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The small chamber is an airtight container with the volume of 0,5 m to 4,0 m . A typical standard small
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chamber has a volume of 1 m ± 0,05 m . The chamber volume shall be specified in the test report. Inside
the chamber, there is a device for mixing the air and a stand to guarantee positioning of the component
(see 6.2.2) without touching the walls. An inflow pipe and an outlet air pipe shall be provided to adjust
the air change (air renewal) or to test the air.
An example of a small chamber in the form of a flow chart is shown in Figure 1.
6.2.2 Materials
General specifications and requirements, which apply to all types of small chambers, are provided below.
The small chamber method requires the following key components.
6.2.2.1 Airtight small chamber apparatus.
6.2.2.2 Appropriate wall surfaces and rack. The wall surfaces of the small chamber and the rack
for supporting the test specimen should be made of electropolished high-quality steel. When testing
materials or components that are not compatible with hot stainless steel (e.g. test specimens which
emit odorous reactive substances such as some sulfur-containing compounds), the chamber shall be
constructed of inert materials that don’t emit or absorb organic vapours.
6.2.2.3 Heating mechanism and temperature control system.
6.2.2.4 Sampling line, constructed of an inert, non-emitting and non-adsorbing material which is
heated, if necessary, to prevent condensation/deposition on the inner walls. The length of the sampling
line shall be as short as possible and is restricted to about 3 m. It is strongly recommended to heat up the
sampling line to 120 °C to prevent condensation.
6.2.2.5 Clean air supply and humidification system.
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oSIST ISO 12219-6:2017
ISO 12219-6:2017(E)
6.2.2.6 Appropriate monitoring and control systems (to ensure that the test is carried out according
to specified conditions).
6.2.2.7 Appropriate vapour sampling tubes are also required.
6.2.2.8 Appropriate sealing materials (e.g. gaskets or O-rings). Any sealing materials used for
sealing the doors or lids of the small chambers, shall be compatible with high temperatures and exhibit
low emission and low absorption properties even at elevated temperatures. They shall not contribute
significantly to the background vapour concentration. The O-rings or gaskets should be easily removed
to facilitate cleaning or replacement (see 6.2.5). Surfaces of these parts that are in contact with the small
chamber atmosphere shall not exceed in their sum 5 % of the small chamber walls.
6.2.3 Tightness
In order to avoid uncontrolled sample loss, any leakage shall be either
— less than 0,1 % of the volume of the small chamber per minute or
— less than 5 % of the incoming air (delivery air/supply air) in tests with air change (air renewal) at
1 000 Pa excess pressure.
In order to avoid air inflow from outside, a small excess pressure with regard to the atmospheric
pressure in the laboratory or a volume over-current shall be used.
6.2.4 Air mixing
This method relies on the air inside the chamber being thoroughly mixed. A suitable device for mixing
the air is required, that can also fulfil this prerequisite when testing large-volume, bulky material.
The flow rate (flow velocity) in the middle of the empty small chamber shall exceed 0,1 m/s.
NOTE Suitable equipment for measuring air velocity includes hot wire or film anemometers calibrated in the
range 0,1 m/s to 0,5 m/s.
6.2.5 Cleaning
The chamber shall be easy to clean – mechanically and thermally, including ready access to seals
and gaskets. See 7.3 for performance criteria relating to background levels and see 9.2 and 9.3.4 for
information on cleaning procedures.
6.3 Small chamber temperature control
The chamber temperature shall be precisely controlled because there is a strong link between
temperature and the chemical emission rate. The chamber shall be able to maintain a given temperature
within ± 1 °C. Emission rates are specific to a particular temperature; therefore, it is essential to
maintain a constant temperature within the small chamber throughout the emission test/ comparative
analyses.
6.4 Air humidification
The humidification of the supply air in the small chamber shall be carried out in such a way that the
formation of steam, vapour, and aerosols is ruled out. Maintain a relative humidity of 5 % at 65 °C in
the supply air using the humidification unit. This corresponds to a relative humidity of 50 % at 21 °C or
a dew point of 10,4 °C. It is typical to maintain a targeted dew point temperature and then to reheat to
a specif
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