ISO 22142

• Abstract:

  This International Standard defines terms and commercial specifications for winter maintenance machines and equipment which are designed to clear snow from highways, roads, streets, squares (except flight operation areas). Both the terms and the defines terms and commercial specifications have been determined in accordance with the intended use for which the machinery is intended by the manufacturer. The terms do not cover all possible winter maintenance machines and equipment and related work or machines, nor do they describe specific machines, but they serve as an aid to nomenclature. This International Standard is applicable to machinery designed for use in winter maintenance.

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 01.040.43 - Road vehicle engineering (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 43.160 - Special purpose vehicles
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 195/SC 2 - Road operation machinery and associated equipment
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 195/SC 2 - Road operation machinery and associated equipment
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Start Date: 08-Aug-2026
• Completion Date: 26-Sep-2026

Overview

ISO 22142: Road Operation Machinery - Winter Maintenance Equipment - Vocabulary is an essential international standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This standard establishes a common vocabulary and commercial specification framework for winter maintenance machines and equipment intended for use on highways, roads, streets, and squares, excluding airport areas. By defining consistent terminology and classifications, ISO 22142 enhances communication among manufacturers, operators, regulators, and contractors involved in winter road maintenance across different regions.

Key objectives of this standard include:

• Promoting a unified nomenclature for winter maintenance equipment.
• Facilitating commercial transactions and equipment specification.
• Enhancing interoperability and operational understanding of winter service machines.

Key Topics

ISO 22142 organizes terminology into six major groups, covering all aspects of winter road operations:

• General Concepts: Definitions related to snow clearance, spraying, spreading, and winter service activities.
• Snow Clearing Machines: Terms for various snow ploughs, rotary snowploughs, snow blowers, graders, sweepers, and associated elements, such as ejection devices, scraping strips, and overload protection systems.
• Spreading Machines: Vocabulary for spreaders, sprayers, brine tanks, spinners, spraying systems, and control features, including dosage, capacity, and demountable configurations.
• Spreading Materials: Definitions for de-icing agents, abrasives, brines, pre-wetted salt, rock salt, silica sand, and related storage solutions such as bins and silos.
• Weather and Road Surface Conditions: Terms to describe air temperature, precipitation, snow and ice types, road surface temperature, visibility, and meteorological phenomena impacting winter maintenance.
• Roadside Equipment: Equipment for enhancing safety and efficiency, such as ice warning systems, road weather information systems, snow fences, snow markers, and surface heating solutions.

Applications

ISO 22142 is highly relevant to a broad spectrum of winter maintenance applications, particularly in regions affected by seasonal snow and ice. Its practical uses include:

• Procurement and Specification: Ensuring precise communication when specifying winter maintenance equipment for tenders and contracts.
• Operations and Training: Facilitating staff training and operational planning by establishing common terms for processes and equipment.
• Regulatory Compliance: Assisting authorities and service providers in aligning with international best practices for road safety and winter maintenance operations.
• Manufacturing and Design: Informing product innovation by clarifying commercial specifications and functional terminology for machine developers and manufacturers.
• Data Collection and Analysis: Supporting harmonized reporting on winter service activities, operational performance, and incident response.

By standardizing the vocabulary, ISO 22142 minimizes misunderstandings, streamlines stakeholder communications, and supports safe, efficient, and cost-effective winter road operations.

Related Standards

Professionals utilizing ISO 22142 may also benefit from familiarity with several related international standards:

• EN 15518-3: Winter maintenance equipment - Requirements on measured values of stationary road weather information systems.
• ISO 6165: Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and vocabulary.
• ISO 13731: Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Vocabulary and symbols.

These standards complement ISO 22142 by providing definitions, performance requirements, and best practices for associated machinery, environmental monitoring, and ergonomic considerations in road operation contexts.

---

By implementing ISO 22142, stakeholders can achieve greater clarity and consistency in the selection, use, and regulation of winter maintenance machines, ultimately contributing to safer and more effective winter road management.

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 22142
ISO/TC 195/SC 2
Road operation machinery —
Secretariat: DIN
Winter maintenance equipment —
Voting begins on:
Vocabulary
2026-06-12
Machines pour l'exploitation routière – Matériel d'entretien
Voting terminates on:
hivernal – Vocabulaire
2026-08-07
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en) © ISO 2026

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 22142
ISO/TC 195/SC 2
Road operation machinery —
Secretariat: DIN
Winter maintenance equipment —
Voting begins on:
Vocabulary
Machines pour l'exploitation routière – Matériel d'entretien
Voting terminates on:
hivernal – Vocabulaire
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2026
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en) © ISO 2026

ii
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General .1
3.2 Snow clearing machines .1
3.3 Spreading machines . 15
3.4 Spreading materials .17
3.5 Weather and road surface conditions .19
3.6 Roadside equipment . 23
Annex A (informative) Systems for pre-wetted agents .25
Bibliography .27
Index .28

iii
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 195, Building construction machinery and
equipment, Subcommittee SC 2, Road operation machinery and associated equipment.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Road operation machinery — Winter maintenance equipment
— Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines terms related to different types of winter maintenance machines, equipment and
products on traffic areas.
This document does not apply to:
— traffic areas on airports;
— offroad maintenance areas (e.g. ski pistes).
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General
3.1.1
snow clearance
snow removal
snow removed from traffic area by mechanical means
3.1.2
spraying
distribution of de-icing liquid substances on traffic areas in order to fight winter slipperiness
3.1.3
spreading
to spread
distribution of de-icing or abrasive substances on traffic areas in order to fight winter slipperiness
3.1.4
winter service
winter maintenance
complete measures taken in order to ensure road safety, mobility and transport efficiency during the winter
3.2 Snow clearing machines
3.2.1
blower tool
impeller
rotary tool for snow ejection
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.2
casting distance
ability of machines with rotating tools to throw snow in a certain distance measured in metres
3.2.3
castor wheel
wheel which supports the snow clearing machine during operation
3.2.4
clearance angle
angle between the cutting-edge line of a snowplough and the front axle centreline of a vehicle in the angling
position
Note 1 to entry: The clearance angle is the displacement angle of a snowplough from the straight position.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.
Key
1 clearance angle
2 left angle position
3 right angle position
4 straight position
Figure 1 — Clearance angle
3.2.5
clearance height
snow height to be removed in one working process
3.2.6
clearance width
width cleared in a single run of a snow clearing machine
3.2.7
clearing capacity
amount of snow removed per hour
Note 1 to entry: Clearing capacity is expressed in kilograms per hour.
3.2.8
cutter drum
cutting tool with spirals fixed to a drum for simultaneous snow ejection
3.2.9
cutting angle
angle between the cutting edge of a plough or blade and the road surface behind the edge
Note 1 to entry: Cutting angle can be greater than 90 degrees when a plough or blade is tilted forward.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 2.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 cutting angle
Figure 2 — Cutting angle
3.2.10
rotating device
device used to swivel the snow removal equipment to change the direction of snow removal and snow
throwing
3.2.11
double scraper strip system
snowplough with two scraper strips that can be changed while working
3.2.12
down pressure
load proportion of the snow plough on the road surface in a down pressure position
3.2.13
down pressure position
position of the snow plough, when part of the vehicle weight is applied to the road surface by the snow
clearing machine
3.2.14
ejection device
ejection chute
equipment (channel) for rotary machines which enables a controlled ejection of snow
Note 1 to entry: The ejection device can be adjustable to achieve different casting distances and directions.
Note 2 to entry: See also Figure 3 and Figure 12.
a) Direct ejection b) Indirect ejection

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 ejection device
Figure 3 — Ejection device
3.2.15
fixing device
device that equips and fixes the snow removal device to the mounting section of the main body of the snow
removal machine
3.2.16
floating position
position of snow clearing machine, where it slides over the road surface with its own weight
3.2.17
front-mounted snowplough
snowplough mounted to the front of a vehicle
3.2.18
lifting device
device used to raise and lower the snow removal equipment
3.2.19
one-sided snowplough
angle blade
straight blade
angle plough
straight plough
snowplough which moves snow to one side (left or right)
3.2.20
overload protection
system allowing a snow blower or a snow cutter to contact obstacles without damaging the machine
3.2.21
override protection
system allowing a snowplough to contact obstacles without damaging the machine
3.2.22
passage width
free width
distance between the two outermost planes of a snow clearing machine parallel to the longitudinal centre
plane in the running position
Note 1 to entry: While in travelling position, the blade is in upper position and in clearance angle.
3.2.23
plough section
part of a snowplough which collects and removes the snow from traffic areas
3.2.24
precutter
rotating device used to further cut and convey snow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 4.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 precutter blades
Figure 4 — Precutter
3.2.25
release position
position of snow clearing machine, when weight of it is partially passed onto the carrier vehicle
3.2.26
residual snow
amount of snow left on the road surface after snow clearance
3.2.27
rotary snowplough
unit type rotary snowplough
type of snow removal equipment with an auger mechanism at the front to collect snow and a blower and
chute mechanism at the rear to release snow. It also includes unit-type rotary snowplough with a dedicated
drive source
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 ejection device
2 protection plate
3 auger
4 blower
Figure 5 — Rotary snowplough
Figure 6 — Unit type rotary snowplough (attached to a wheel-loader)

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 7 — Unit type rotary snowplough (self-propelled)
3.2.28
scraping strip
scraper blade
cutting edge
wear-and-tear part which is in contact with the surface to be cleared of snow
3.2.29
side fender
side shoe
end bit
wear-and-tear part laterally attached on the extremities of a snow clearing machine
3.2.30
side reverse
change in the direction of snow removal of a snow clearing machine
3.2.31
side reverse floating position
pressure-free state with hydraulic side reversing
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 8.
Key
1 lifting lowering
2 swivel left/right
3 swivelling device
Δx movement of swivelling actuators
Δy movement of lifting/lowering actuator(s)
Figure 8 — Side reverse floating position

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.32
side-blower
snow blower for removing snow banks on the edge of the road where the blower tool is in driving direction
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 9.
Figure 9 — Side blower
3.2.33
side-cutter
snow cutter for removing snow banks on the edge of the road
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10.
Figure 10 — Side-cutter
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.34
side-mounted snowplough
side plough
lateral snowplough attached to a vehicle
3.2.35
slide pad
skid
sliding support for a snow clearing machine during operation
3.2.36
snow bank
line of snow swept together by passage of a snowplough
3.2.36.1
snow windrow
line of snow accumulated along the side of a ploughed strip
3.2.36.2
snow pile
collected and accumulated snow into a pile by ploughing
3.2.37
snow blower
machine for snow clearing with the rotary tools for snow ejection set parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11.
Note 2 to entry: A snow blower has only one or more blower wheels, but no auger as a second tool.
Figure 11 — Snow blower
3.2.38
snow carving blade
equipment for rotary machines which ensures that snow is not ejected in the wrong direction
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 ejection device
2 snow carving blade (adjustable)
Figure 12 — Ejection device
3.2.39
snow cast
horizontal distance of the axis of the removal track and the middle of the snow bank of the removed snow
3.2.40
snow cutter
machine for snow clearing with the rotary tools for snow ejection set at a right angle to the longitudinal axis
of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: A snow cutter has only one or more augers, but no blower as a second tool. Ejection of snow is done by
the one or more rotating augers.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 13.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 13 — Snow cutter
3.2.41
snow cutter-blower
combination of a snow cutter and snow blower, whereby snow is collected by the cutter and expelled by the
blower
3.2.42
snow deflector
equipment which deflects the snow thrown up by the snowplough
3.2.43
snow plough
snow plow
snow removal equipment mounted to the front of the vehicle body that removes snow to the side by the
plough action of the moldboard, and is the generic name for one-way plough, angling plough, multi- plough
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 16 for examples of types of snow ploughs.
Figure 14 — One-way snow plough

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 15 — Angling plough
Figure 16 — Multi-plough (adjustable)
3.2.44
snow removal machine
snow clearing machine
self-propelled machine that removes snow from road surfaces, etc., and sprays anti-freeze or anti-slip agents
in order to maintain road traffic functionality during the winter
Note 1 to entry: Snow clearing machines include rotary snowploughs, snow removing trucks, snow removing graders,
snow removing dozers and anti-freeze spreading machines.
Note 2 to entry: Snow clearing machines consist of either snow removal or spreading equipment, or both and the main
body (specialized vehicle, truck chassis, grader or wheel loader) equipped with either the snow removal or spreading
device, or both.
3.2.45
snow removing grader
snow removing motor grader
snow clearing machine consisting of a grader, partially modified for snow removal and equipped with
various snow removal devices such as a snowplough and side wing
Note 1 to entry: Further information can be obtained from ISO 6165.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 17.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 17 — Snow removing grader
3.2.46
snow removing truck
snow clearing machine equipped with various snow removal equipment such as snowplough, truck grader
and side wing on a truck chassis designed for snow removal
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.
Figure 18 — Snow removing truck
3.2.47
snow sweeper
machine for snow clearing with rotating brushes
3.2.48
snowplough attachment
device which is equipped on the main body of snow removal machines and performs snow removal and
snow removal operations by itself
EXAMPLE For rotary snowplough, snowplough, compacted snow scrapers, side wings and snow buckets.

ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.49
snowplough enlargement
extracting or folding out a further plough section to reach a greater clearance width
Note 1 to entry: There are working width variable type snowploughs for highway and arterial high-standard highway.
3.2.50
snow removing dozer
snow clearing machine consisting of a wheel loader, partially modified for snow removal and equipped with
a snowplough and other equipment
Note 1 to entry: Further information can be obtained from ISO 6165.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 19.
Figure 19 — Snow removing dozer
3.2.51
triaxial snowplough
snowplough with extremity sectors which can be turned forward or backward independently
3.2.52
snow blade
snow removal equipment mounted to the centre of the front and rear wheels of snow removal grader or
snow removal truck for scraping and removing compacted snow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 20.
Figure 20 — Snow blade
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
...

ISO/FDIS 22142
ISO/TC 195/SC 2
Secretariat: DIN
Road operation machinery — Winter maintenance equipment —
Vocabulary
Machines pour l'exploitation routière – Matériel d'entretien hivernal – Vocabulaire
FDIS stage
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
lE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General . 1
3.2 Snow clearing machines . 2
3.3 Spreading machines . 23
3.4 Spreading materials . 26
3.5 Weather and road surface conditions . 29
3.6 Roadside equipment . 33
Annex A (informative) Systems for pre-wetted agents . 35
Bibliography . 37
Index 38
iii
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO [had/had not] received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this
may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 195, Building construction machinery and
equipment, Subcommittee SC 2, Road operation machinery and associated equipment.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
iv
Road operation machinery — Winter maintenance equipment —
Terms, definitions and classification — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines to terms, definitions and classifications related to different types of winter
maintenance machines, equipment and products on traffic areas.
This document does not apply to:
— — traffic areas on airports;
— — offroad maintenance areas (e.g. ski pistspistes).
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Group 1: General terms
3.1.1
snow clearance
snow removal
snow removed from traffic area by mechanical means
3.1.2
spraying
distribution of de-icing liquid substances on traffic areas in order to fight winter slipperiness
3.1.3
spreading
to spread
distribution of de-icing or abrasive substances on traffic areas in order to fight winter slipperiness
3.1.4
winter service
winter maintenance
complete measures taken in order to ensure road safety, mobility and transport efficiency during the winter
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2 Group 2: Snow clearing machines
3.2.1
blower tool
impeller
rotary tool for snow ejection
3.2.2
casting distance
ability of machines with rotating tools to throw snow in a certain distance measured in metermetres
3.2.3
castor wheel
wheel which supports the snow clearing machine during operation
3.2.4
clearance angle
angle between the cutting-edge line of a snowplough and the front axle centerlinecentreline of a vehicle in the
angling position
Note 1 to entry: The clearance angle is the displacement angle of a snowplough from the straight position.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.

Key
1 clearance angle
2 left angle position
3 right angle position
4 straight position
Figure 1 — Clearance angle
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.5
clearance height
snow height to be removed in one working process
3.2.6
clearance width
width cleared in a single run of a snow clearing machine
3.2.7
clearing capacity
amount of snow removed per hour
Note 1 to entry: Clearing capacity is expressed in kilogrammekilograms per hour.
3.2.8
cutter drum
cutting tool with spirals fixed to a drum for simultaneous snow ejection
3.2.9
cutting angle
angle between the cutting edge of a plough or blade and the road surface behind the edge
Note 1 to entry: Cutting angle can be greater than 90 degreedegrees when a plough or blade is tilted forward.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 2.

Key
1 cutting angle
Figure 2 — Cutting angle
3.2.10
rotating device
device used to swivel the snow removal equipment to change the direction of snow removal and snow
throwing
3.2.11
double scraper strip system
snowplough with two scraper strips that can be changed while working
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.12
down pressure
load proportion of the snow plough on the road surface in a down pressure position
3.2.13
down pressure position
position of the snow plough, when part of the vehicle weight is applied to the road surface by the snow clearing
machine
3.2.14
ejection device
ejection chute
equipment (channel) for rotary machines which enables a controlled ejection of snow
Note 1 to entry: The ejection device can be adjustable to achieve different casting distances and directions.
Note 2 to entry: See also Figure 3 and Figure 12.

a) Direct ejection b) Indirect ejection
Key
1 ejection device
Note 1 to entry: The ejection device can be adjustable to achieve different casting distances and directions.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Note 2 to entry: See also Figure 3 and Figure 12.
1 ejection device
Figure 3 — Ejection device
3.2.15
fixing device
device that equips and fixes the snow removal device to the mounting section of the main body of the snow
removal machine
3.2.16
floating position
position of snow clearing machine, where it slides over the road surface with its own weight
3.2.17
front-mounted snowplough
snowplough mounted to the front of a vehicle
3.2.18
lifting device
device used to raise and lower the snow removal equipment
3.2.19
one-sided snowplough
angle blade
straight blade
angle plough
straight plough
snowplough which moves snow to one side (left or right)
3.2.20
overload protection
system allowing a snow blower or a snow cutter to contact obstacles without damaging the machine
3.2.21
override protection
system allowing a snowplough to contact obstacles without damaging the machine
3.2.22
passage width
free width
distance between the two outermost planes of a snow clearing machine parallel to the longitudinal
centercentre plane in the running position
Note 1 to entry: While in travelingtravelling position, the blade is in upper position and in clearance angle.
3.2.23
plough section
part of a snowplough which collects and removes the snow from traffic areas
3.2.24
precutter
rotating device used to further cut and convey snow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 4.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 precutter blades
1 precutter blades
Figure 4 — Precutter
3.2.25
release position
position of snow clearing machine, when weight of it is partially passed onto the carrier vehicle
3.2.26
residual snow
amount of snow left on the road surface after snow clearance
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.27
rotary snowplough
unit type rotary snowplough
type of snow removal equipment with an auger mechanism at the front to collect snow and a blower and chute
mechanism at the rear to release snow. It also includes unit-type rotary snowplough with a dedicated drive
source
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 ejection device
2 protection plate
3 auger
4 blower
1 ejection device
2 protection plate
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3 auger
4 blower
Figure 5 — Rotary snowplough
Figure 6 — Unit type rotary snowplough (attached to a wheel-loader)
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 7 — Unit type rotary snowplough (self-propelled)
3.2.28
scraping strip
scraper blade
cutting edge
wear-and-tear part which is in contact with the surface to be cleared of snow
3.2.29
side fender
side shoe
end bit
wear-and-tear part laterally attached on the extremities of a snow clearing machine
3.2.30
side reverse
change in the direction of snow removal of a snow clearing machine
3.2.31 3.2.31
side reverse floating position
pressure-free state with hydraulic side reversing
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 8.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Key
1 lifting lowering
2 swivel left/right
3 swivelling device
Δx movement of swivelling actuators
Δy movement of lifting/lowering actuator(s)
1 lifting lowering
2 swivel left/right
3 swivelling device
Δx movement of swivelling actuators
Δy movement of lifting/lowering actuator(s)
Figure 8 — Side reverse floating position
3.2.32 3.2.32
side-blower
snow blower for removing snow banks on the edge of the road where the blower tool is in driving direction
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 9.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 9 — Side blower
3.2.33
side-cutter
snow cutter for removing snow banks on the edge of the road
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 10 — Side-cutter
3.2.34
side-mounted snowplough
side plough
lateral snowplough attached to a vehicle
3.2.35
slide pad
skid
sliding support for a snow clearing machine during operation
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.36
snow bank
line of snow swept together by passage of a snowplough
3.2.36.1
snow windrow
line of snow accumulated along the side of a ploughed strip
3.2.36.2
snow pile
collected and accumulated snow into a pile by ploughing
3.2.37
snow blower
machine for snow clearing with the rotary tools for snow ejection set parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11.
Note 2 to entry: A snow blower has only one or more blower wheels, but no auger as a second tool.

Figure 11 — Snow blower
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.38
snow carving blade
equipment for rotary machines which ensures that snow is not ejected in the wrong direction
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12
.
Key
1 ejection device
2 snow carving blade (adjustable)
1 ejection device
2 snow carving blade (adjustable)
Figure 12 — Ejection device
3.2.39
snow cast
horizontal distance of the axis of the removal track and the middle of the snow bank of the removed snow
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.40
snow cutter
machine for snow clearing with the rotary tools for snow ejection set at a right angle to the longitudinal axis
of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: A snow cutter has only one or more augers, but no blower as a second tool. Ejection of snow is done by
the one or more rotating augers.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 13.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 13 — Snow cutter
3.2.41
snow cutter-blower
combination of a snow cutter and snow blower;, whereby snow is collected by the cutter and expelled by the
blower
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
3.2.42
snow deflector
equipment which deflects the snow thrown up by the snowplough
3.2.43
snow plough
snow plow
snow removal equipment mounted to the front of the vehicle body that removes snow to the side by the plough
action of the moldboard, and is the generic name for one-way plough, angling plough, multi- plough
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 16 for examples of types of snow ploughs.

Figure 14 — One-way snow plough

Figure 15 — Angling plough
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 16 — Multi-plough (adjustable)

3.2.44
snow removal machine
snow clearing machine
self-propelled machine that removes snow from road surfaces, etc., and sprays anti-freeze or anti-slip agents
in order to maintain road traffic functionality during the winter
Note 1 to entry: Snow clearing machines include rotary snowploughs, snow removing trucks, snow removing graders,
snow removing dozers and anti-freeze spreading machines.
Note 2 to entry: Snow clearing machines consist of either snow removal or spreading equipment, or both and the main
body (specialized vehicle, truck chassis, grader or wheel loader) equipped with either the snow removal or spreading
device, or both.
3.2.45
snow removing grader
snow removing motor grader
snow clearing machine consisting of a grader, partially modified for snow removal and equipped with various
snow removal devices such as a snowplough and side wing
Note 1 to entry: Further information can be obtained from ISO 6165.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 17.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 17 — Snow removing grader
3.2.46
snow removing truck
snow clearing machine equipped with vaiousvarious snow removal equipment such as snowplough, truck
grader, and side wing on a truck chassis designed for snow removal
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 18 — Snow removing truck
3.2.47
snow sweeper
machine for snow clearing with rotating brushes
3.2.48
snowplough attachment
device equipped on the main body which is equipped on the main body of snow removal machines and
performs snow removal and snow removal operations by itself
EXAMPLE : For rotary snowplough, snowplough, compacted snow scrapers, side wings and snow buckets.
3.2.49
snowplough enlargement
extracting or folding out a further plough section to reach a greater clearance width
Note 1 to entry: There are working width variable type snowploughs for highway and arterial high-standard highway.
3.2.50
snow removing dozer
snow clearing machine consisting of a wheel loader, partially modified for snow removal and equipped with a
snowplough and other equipment
Note 1 to entry: Further information can be obtained from ISO 6165.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 19.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 19 — Snow removing dozer
3.2.51
triaxial snowplough
snowplough with extremity sectors which couldcan be turned forward or backward independently
3.2.52
snow blade
snow removal equipment mounted to the centercentre of the front and rear wheels of snow removal grader
or snow removal truck for scraping and removing compacted snow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 20.
© ISO #### 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 20 — Snow blade
3.2.53 3
wedge-shaped snowplough
snowplough which moves snow simultaneously to both sides (left and right)
3.2.54
variable V-plough
V-blade
wedge-shaped snowplough able to change into an angle plough
3.3 Group 3: Spreading machines
3.3.1
brine tank
container of a spreading machine for carrying brine
3.3.2
control-related spreading
constant spreading dosage independent from the driving speed of the vehicle
3.3.3
conveyor
system to transport the spreading material from the hopper to the spreading
3.3.4
demountable spreader
spreader able to be demounted from the winter service vehicle
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 21.
ISO/FDIS 22142:2026(en)
Figure 21 — Demountable spreader
3.3.5
device for pre-wetting
system, in which dry-salt and brine are merged at or before the spreading device in the machine
3.3.6
hopper
container for spreading material equipped with a conveyor
3.3.7
salt screen
grid
grate
top screen to prevent the loading of spreading material blocks inside the hopper while filling
3.3.8
spinner
spreading disc
spinner disc
devic
...