ISO 16049-1:2020
(Main)Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps — Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods
This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical 22 250 N (5 000 lbf) rated ultimate tension load capability, as used by the airline industry. These restraint straps are used in civil transport aircraft during flight for: a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained into aircraft lower deck, main deck or upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of ISO 8097 (NAS 3610) or ISO 21100, or b) non-unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating") pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an aircraft, c) the same restraint strap assemblies can also be used in other applications such as: 1) non-containerized (bulk loaded) baggage and cargo compartments; 2) to ensure cargo restraint inside an airworthiness approved air cargo container. NOTE The ultimate loads allowable on the attachment points available in most aircraft bulk compartments and inside many air cargo containers are significantly lower than 22 250 N (5 000 lbf). This results in the restraint arrangements ultimate load capability being dictated by the weakest element, i.e. the attachment points: typical 22 250 N ultimate load restraint straps will therefore be in excess of the requirements for such applications. Compliance with this document provides one means of cargo restraint straps airworthiness approval by Civil Aviation Authorities under TSO/ETSO-C172a, in addition to the other requirements therein.
Équipement pour le fret aérien — Sangles d'arrimage — Partie 1: Critères de conception et méthodes d'essai
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16049-1
Third edition
2020-01
Air cargo equipment — Restraint
straps —
Part 1:
Design criteria and testing methods
Équipement pour le fret aérien — Sangles d'arrimage —
Partie 1: Critères de conception et méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Design criteria . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Ultimate load . 7
4.3 Elongation . 7
4.4 Flammability . 8
4.5 Environmental degradation . 8
4.6 Dimensions . 9
4.7 Tensioning device . 9
4.8 End fittings .10
4.9 Webbing and sewing .11
4.10 Detailed design .11
5 Testing methods .12
5.1 Tests .12
5.2 Objective .12
5.3 Test specimens .12
5.4 Testing apparatus .12
5.5 Ultimate load test .13
5.6 Elongation test .14
5.7 Cyclic load test .14
5.8 Flammability test .15
5.9 Webbing elongation test (optional) .15
5.10 Webbing elongation test (optional) .15
5.11 Webbing abrasion test (optional) .16
5.12 Test record .16
6 Quality control .16
7 Markings .17
8 Options .18
9 Manufacturer's instructions .19
10 Operating instructions .19
Bibliography .21
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 9, Air cargo and ground equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 16049-1:2013), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— in Figure 1, deletion of items D5 and D6, required by TSO/ETSO-C172a, and amendment of item D2;
— in 4.4, updating of flammability requirement to the latest amended Regulations.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16049 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods applicable to air cargo restraint straps
to be used for tie-down of unitized or non-unitized cargo on board civil transport aircraft.
Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word
"shall". Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word "should" and, while not mandatory,
are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe restraint straps. Deviation from
recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration, extensive testing, and thorough
service evaluation have shown alternate methods to be satisfactory.
The requirements of this document are expressed in the applicable SI units, with approximate inch-
pound units conversion between brackets for convenience in those countries using that system.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16049-1:2020(E)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps —
Part 1:
Design criteria and testing methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate
load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical 22 250 N
(5 000 lbf) rated ultimate tension load capability, as used by the airline industry. These restraint straps
are used in civil transport aircraft during flight for:
a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained
into aircraft lower deck, main deck or upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of
ISO 8097 (NAS 3610) or ISO 21100, or
b) non unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating")
pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an
aircraft,
c) the same restraint strap assemblies can also be used in other applications such as:
1) non containerized (bulk loaded) baggage and cargo compartments;
2) to ensure cargo restraint inside an airworthiness approved air cargo container.
NOTE The ultimate loads allowable on the attachment points available in most aircraft bulk compartments
and inside many air cargo containers are significantly lower than 22 250 N (5 000 lbf). This results in the restraint
arrangements ultimate load capability being dictated by the weakest element, i.e. the attachment points: typical
22 250 N ultimate load restraint straps will therefore be in excess of the requirements for such applications.
Compliance with this document provides one means of cargo restraint straps airworthiness approval
by Civil Aviation Authorities under TSO/ETSO-C172a, in addition to the other requirements therein.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4117, Air and air/land cargo pallets — Specification and testing
ISO 4171, Air cargo equipment — Interline pallets
ISO 7166, Aircraft — Rail and stud configuration for passenger equipment and cargo restraint
1)
ISO 8097:2001 , Aircraft — Minimum airworthiness requirements and test conditions for certified air
cargo unit load devices
ISO/TR 8647, Environmental degradation of textiles used in air cargo restraint equipment
ISO 9788, Air cargo — Double stud tie-down fittings — Design and testi
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16049-1
Third edition
2020-01
Air cargo equipment — Restraint
straps —
Part 1:
Design criteria and testing methods
Équipement pour le fret aérien — Sangles d'arrimage —
Partie 1: Critères de conception et méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Design criteria . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Ultimate load . 7
4.3 Elongation . 7
4.4 Flammability . 8
4.5 Environmental degradation . 8
4.6 Dimensions . 9
4.7 Tensioning device . 9
4.8 End fittings .10
4.9 Webbing and sewing .11
4.10 Detailed design .11
5 Testing methods .12
5.1 Tests .12
5.2 Objective .12
5.3 Test specimens .12
5.4 Testing apparatus .12
5.5 Ultimate load test .13
5.6 Elongation test .14
5.7 Cyclic load test .14
5.8 Flammability test .15
5.9 Webbing elongation test (optional) .15
5.10 Webbing elongation test (optional) .15
5.11 Webbing abrasion test (optional) .16
5.12 Test record .16
6 Quality control .16
7 Markings .17
8 Options .18
9 Manufacturer's instructions .19
10 Operating instructions .19
Bibliography .21
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 9, Air cargo and ground equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 16049-1:2013), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— in Figure 1, deletion of items D5 and D6, required by TSO/ETSO-C172a, and amendment of item D2;
— in 4.4, updating of flammability requirement to the latest amended Regulations.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16049 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods applicable to air cargo restraint straps
to be used for tie-down of unitized or non-unitized cargo on board civil transport aircraft.
Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word
"shall". Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word "should" and, while not mandatory,
are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe restraint straps. Deviation from
recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration, extensive testing, and thorough
service evaluation have shown alternate methods to be satisfactory.
The requirements of this document are expressed in the applicable SI units, with approximate inch-
pound units conversion between brackets for convenience in those countries using that system.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16049-1:2020(E)
Air cargo equipment — Restraint straps —
Part 1:
Design criteria and testing methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the design criteria and testing methods adequate to guarantee the ultimate
load and operational dependability of cargo restraint strap assemblies with a typical 22 250 N
(5 000 lbf) rated ultimate tension load capability, as used by the airline industry. These restraint straps
are used in civil transport aircraft during flight for:
a) cargo loaded and tied down onto airworthiness approved air cargo pallets, themselves restrained
into aircraft lower deck, main deck or upper deck cargo systems and meeting the requirements of
ISO 8097 (NAS 3610) or ISO 21100, or
b) non unitized individual pieces of cargo, or pieces of cargo placed onto an unrestrained ("floating")
pallet into either lower deck, main deck or upper deck containerized cargo compartments of an
aircraft,
c) the same restraint strap assemblies can also be used in other applications such as:
1) non containerized (bulk loaded) baggage and cargo compartments;
2) to ensure cargo restraint inside an airworthiness approved air cargo container.
NOTE The ultimate loads allowable on the attachment points available in most aircraft bulk compartments
and inside many air cargo containers are significantly lower than 22 250 N (5 000 lbf). This results in the restraint
arrangements ultimate load capability being dictated by the weakest element, i.e. the attachment points: typical
22 250 N ultimate load restraint straps will therefore be in excess of the requirements for such applications.
Compliance with this document provides one means of cargo restraint straps airworthiness approval
by Civil Aviation Authorities under TSO/ETSO-C172a, in addition to the other requirements therein.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4117, Air and air/land cargo pallets — Specification and testing
ISO 4171, Air cargo equipment — Interline pallets
ISO 7166, Aircraft — Rail and stud configuration for passenger equipment and cargo restraint
1)
ISO 8097:2001 , Aircraft — Minimum airworthiness requirements and test conditions for certified air
cargo unit load devices
ISO/TR 8647, Environmental degradation of textiles used in air cargo restraint equipment
ISO 9788, Air cargo — Double stud tie-down fittings — Design and testi
...
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