ISO 15118-8:2020
(Main)Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 8: Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless communication
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 8: Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless communication
This document specifies the requirements of the physical and data link layer of a wireless High Level Communication (HLC) between Electric Vehicles (EV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE). The wireless communication technology is used as an alternative to the wired communication technology as defined in ISO 15118‑3. It covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in the electrical energy exchange. ISO 15118 (all parts) are applicable for conductive charging as well as Wireless Power Transfer (WPT). For conductive charging, only EVSEs compliant with "IEC 61851‑1 modes 3 and 4" and supporting HLC are covered by this document. For WPT, charging sites according to IEC 61980 (all parts) and vehicles according to ISO 19363 are covered by this document.
Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et réseau électrique — Partie 8: Exigences relatives à la couche physique et à la couche de liaison pour la communication sans fil
Le présent document définit les exigences de la couche physique et de la couche de liaison de données d'une communication sans fil de haute niveau (HLC) entre les véhicules électriques (VE) et les équipements d'alimentation des véhicules électriques (EVSE). La technologie de communication sans fil est utilisée comme alternative à la technologie de communication filaire telle que définie dans l'ISO 15118-3. Il couvre l'échange global d'information entre tous les acteurs impliqués dans l'échange d'énergie électrique. L'ISO 15118 (toutes les parties) s'applique à la charge par conduction ainsi qu'au transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT). Concernant la charge conductive, seuls les EVSE conformes à «l'IEC 61851-1 modes 3 et 4» et supportant la HLC sont couverts par le présent document. Concernant le WPT, les sites de charge conformes à l'IEC 61980 (toutes les parties) et les véhicules conformes à l'ISO 19363 sont traités dans le présent document.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15118-8
Second edition
2020-09
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid
communication interface —
Part 8:
Physical layer and data link
layer requirements for wireless
communication
Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et
réseau électrique —
Partie 8: Exigences relatives à la couche physique et à la couche de
liaison entre les données pour la communication sans fil
Reference number
ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Conventions . 3
5.1 Definition of OSI based services . 3
5.2 Requirement structure . 3
6 System architecture . 3
7 Wireless communication requirements . 4
7.1 Overview . 4
7.2 SECC requirements . 5
7.2.1 General. 5
7.2.2 WLAN technology . 5
7.2.3 WLAN frequency and channel . 6
7.2.4 SECC channel scanning and selection . 8
7.2.5 Quality of service . 9
7.2.6 Association support .10
7.2.7 Layer 2 interfaces .13
7.2.8 Pairing .14
7.3 EVCC requirements .14
7.3.1 General.14
7.3.2 WLAN technology .14
7.3.3 WLAN frequency and channel .15
7.3.4 Quality of service .15
7.3.5 Association support .15
7.3.6 Layer 2 interfaces .17
7.4 Security .18
Annex A (informative) Mounting location of wireless communication module and antenna .19
Annex B (informative) Interference scan and auto channel selection example .23
Annex C (informative) Introduction of service available area .26
Annex D (informative) National regulations in usage of U-NII bands .28
Bibliography .33
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee
SC 31, Data communication, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 69, Electric road vehicles and electric
industrial trucks in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 301, Road vehicles, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15118-8:2018) of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— DFS and/or TPC are now used instead of only DFS, see 7.2.3 and 7.3.3;
— correction of requirement V2G8-034;
— editorial corrections.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15118 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Introduction
The pending energy crisis and necessity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has led the vehicle
manufacturers to a very significant effort to reduce the energy consumption of their vehicles. They
are presently developing vehicles partly or completely propelled by electric energy. Those vehicles will
reduce the dependency on oil, improve the global energy efficiency and reduce the total CO emissions
2
for road transportation if the electricity is produced from renewable sources. To charge the batteries of
such vehicles, a specific charging infrastructure is required.
Much of the standardization work on dimensional and electrical specifications of the charging
infrastructure and the vehicle interface is already treated in the relevant ISO or IEC groups. However,
the question of information transfer between the EV and the EVSE has not been treated sufficiently.
Such communication is necessary for the optimization of energy resources and energy production
systems so that vehicles can recharge in the most economic or most energy efficient way. It is also
required to develop efficient and convenient billing systems in order to cover the resulting micro-
payments. The necessary communication channel may serve in the future to contribute to the
stabilization of the electrical grid, as well as to support additional information services required to
operate electric vehicles efficiently and economically.
In ISO 15118-3, the messages exchanged between the vehicle and the infrastructure are transported
by the cable used for power transfer. With the inception of wireless power transfer technologies and
the tremendous development of wireless communication in our societies, the need for a wireless
communication between vehicle and charging infrastructure becomes imperative. This is the main
focus of this document. The relevant information on use-case definitions and network and application
protocol requirements can be found in ISO 15118-1 and ISO 15118-2, respectively.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication
interface —
Part 8:
Physical layer and data link layer requirements for
wireless communication
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements of the physical and data link layer of a wireless High Level
Communication (HLC) between Electric Vehicles (EV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment
(EVSE). The wireless communication technology is used as an alternative to the wired communication
technology as defined in ISO 15118-3.
It covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in the electrical energy exchange.
ISO 15118 (all parts) are applicable for conductive charging as well as Wireless Power Transfer (WPT).
For conductive charging, only EVSEs compliant with “IEC 61851-1 modes 3 and 4” and supporting HLC
are covered by this document. For WPT, charging sites according to IEC 61980 (all parts) and vehicles
according to ISO 19363 are covered by this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15118-1, Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 1: General information and
use-case definition
ISO 15118-2:2014, Road vehicles — Vehicle-to-Grid Communication Interface — Part 2: Network and
application protocol requirements
ISO 15118-3:2015, Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 3: Physical and data
link layer requirements
ISO 19363, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Magnetic field wireless power transfer — Safety and
interoperability requirements
IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE Standard for Information technology — Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements Part 11:
Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
3.1
access point
AP
wireless communication device that allows the user to connect to other wireless or wired
communication devices
Note 1 to entry: See IEEE 802.11-2012.
3.2
charging site
CS
area with one or more EVSEs controlled by one SECC
3.3
station
STA
logical entity that is a singly addressable instance of a medium access control and physical layer
interface to the wireless medium which does not act as an access point (3.1)
3.4
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11 where the instances are HT APs (3.1) or HT STAs (3.3)
Note 1 to entry: The features of an HT STA are summarized in IEEE 802.11-2012, 4.3.10. An HT AP is an access
point implementing the same set of features as an HT STA.
3.5
layer 2 link establishment
connection establishment indicated by a successful association/reassociation process as described in
IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.3.5.2 and 10.3.5.3
3.6
service available area
restricted area around a charging station in which an SECC provides a connecting service with an
ensured quality
4 Abbreviated terms
AP Access Point
AWC Automotive Wireless Communication
CS Charging Site
DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection
EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
EID Element Identifier
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
ETT Energy Transfer Type
EV Electric Vehicle
EVCC Electric Vehicle Communication Controller
EVSE Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
HLC High Level Communication
HLE Higher Layer Entities
HT High Throughput
ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical
MAC Medium Access Control
SAP Service Access Point
SECC Supply Equipment Communication Controller
SSID Service Set Identifier
TPC Transmit Power Control
U-NII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
VSE Vendor Specific Element
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
WPT Wireless Power Transfer
5 Conventions
5.1 Definition of OSI based services
This document is based on the OSI service conventions (see ISO/IEC 10731) for the individual layers
specified in this document.
5.2 Requirement structure
Each individual requirement included in this document has a unique code, as follows:
“[V2G8-XXX] Requirement text”
— where “V2G8” represents this document,
— where XXX represents the individual requirement number, and
— where “requirement text” includes the actual text of the requirement.
EXAMPLE [V2G8-999] This shall be an example requirement.
6 System architecture
This document is organized along architectural lines, same as in ISO 15118-3 emphasizing the large-scale
separation of the system into two parts: the MAC sub layer of the data link layer and the physical layer.
These layers are intended to correspond closely to the lowest layers of the ISO/IEC model for open systems
(see ISO/IEC 7498-1). Figure 1 shows the relationship of this document to the OSI reference model.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Overview of ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2, and this document in the
ISO/IEC OSI reference model
This document defines requirements applicable to layer 1 and 2, including the V2G standardized service
primitive interface for wireless communication, according to the OSI layered architecture. Layers 3 to 7
are specified in ISO 15118-2.
This document covers both conductive charging and WPT use-cases using wireless communication. If
not defined differently, requirements apply for both conductive charging and WPT.
7 Wireless communication requirements
7.1 Overview
This clause gives requirements for the wireless communication module on both the EVCC and the SECC
side. EVCC and SECC make use of wireless local area network (WLAN) as specified in IEEE 802.11-
2012 for wireless communication. More specifically, they implement the feature set of an HT STA or
HT AP (which were originally specified in IEEE 802.11n-2009 and are thus commonly referred to as
IEEE 802.11n), and operate in the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
These frequency bands are ISM and U-NII bands where both other wireless communication technologies
®1) ®2)
(e.g. Bluetooth , ZigBee , baby phone), and non-communication systems (e.g. microwave ovens,
radar systems) can cause interference with the WLAN communication channels. Therefore, the
requirements in this document are designed in a way where not only system interoperability is ensured,
but also the communication robustness is hardened. In addition, manufacturers and operators need to
make sure that the system is configured for robustness. For example, particular care has to be given to
selecting an appropriate operating channel to avoid the above-mentioned interference.
This document covers various use-cases in relationship to wireless communication for conductive
charging and WPT, considering different range requirements for the communication channel.
— Discovery: the EVCC has entered the communication range of the SECC(s), then associates to an
appropriate SECC to start HLC for further steps (typically 5 m to 30 m range).
— Fine positioning: alignment of the primary and secondary devices for efficient power transfer in
case of WPT and alignment of the connectors of EV and EVSE for power transfer in case of automatic
connection for conductive charging (typically 10 cm to 5 m range).
— Charging control: for example, power request from vehicle to EVSE (typically 5 cm to 5 m range).
Use-case details are given in ISO 15118-1.
The distance between EVCC and SECC for charging control depends on the installation location of
the wireless communication modules and antennae. This is out of scope of this document and vendor
specific. As the distance influences the reliability of the communication link, manufacturers are
encouraged to pay particular attention to the choice of mounting location. Additional parameters to be
considered and some example setups are given in Annex A.
For testing and evaluating an installed system, a concept of service available area has been developed
and detailed in Annex C.
7.2 SECC requirements
7.2.1 General
The wireless communication module of the SECC shall fulfil the requirements described in this
subclause to ensure interoperability between the SECC and EVCC with adequate communication
robustness for V2G applications.
7.2.2 WLAN technology
[V2G8-001] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall use IEEE 802.11
(see IEEE 802.11-2012) compliant wireless communication technology.
[V2G8-002] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall be configured as
access point (AP) according to IEEE 802.11.
[V2G8-003] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall support the mandatory
feature set of an HT AP according to IEEE 802.11-2012 on all the channels that it
supports.
NOTE 1 An HT AP is an access point implementing the same set of features as an HT STA (see IEEE 802.11-
2012, 4.3.10).
®
1) Bluetooth is the trademark of a product supplied by Bluetooth Special Interest Group. This information is
given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product
named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) ZigBee is the trademark of a product supplied by Zigbee alliance. This information is given for the convenience
of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
The SECC may support other variants of IEEE 802.11 technology, as long as EVCCs can always establish
connections via IEEE 802.11n. An example of such a technology is the very high throughput PHY
(see IEEE 802.11ac-2013).
[V2G8-004] The beacon period of the SECC shall not exceed T_beacon = 105 ms.
NOTE 2 The beacon period is the time between two successive transmissions of the beacon frame. It is
measured in time units (1 TU = 1 024 µs). A typical value would be T_beacon = 100 TU.
NOTE 3 T_beacon is the value of the beacon interval field as described in IEEE 802.11-2012, 8.4.1.3.
7.2.3 WLAN frequency and channel
There are two frequency bands with up to 35 channels which the SECC and EVCC can use to communicate.
The SECC is responsible for choosing the channel for operation. SECCs supporting simultaneous dual
band operation are able to offer two operating channels for EVCCs to connect, while SECCs supporting
selectable dual band operation are only able to offer a single operating channel. The SECC for wireless
communication may be responsible for one or more power outlets as described in ISO 15118-1, which
is different from the SECC using powerline communication which controls only a single power outlet as
described in ISO 15118-3. Due to the possible drastic difference in the spectral environmental conditions
among the EVCCs in the case of SECCs controlling multiple power outlets, offering two operating
channels would let the EVCCs choose the channel which is less affected by its local interferences (e.g.
from in-car infotainment system) and thus increase the communication robustness. For SECCs installed
in an uncontrolled environment where the spectrum will not be monitored professionally, e.g. typically
envisioned for WPT systems, it is also advisable to offer simultaneous dual band support.
[V2G8-005] If the SECC supports WPT, the wireless communication module of the SECC shall
support operation at both the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands in parallel.
[V2G8-006] If the SECC controls two or more power outlets at a time, the wireless
communication module of the SECC shall support operation at both the 2,4 GHz
and 5 GHz frequency bands in parallel.
[V2G8-007] If the SECC controls only one power outlet at a time, the wireless communication
module of the SECC shall support operation at both the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz
frequency bands, but not necessarily in parallel, unless [V2G8-005] applies.
[V2G8-008] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall support a minimum of three
channels per frequency band at the operating site among the channels listed in
Table 1 and Table 2.
NOTE 1 Depending on the location of the SECC, not all the channels listed in Table 1 and Table 2 can be allowed
to be used (see Figure 2). V2G8-027 and V2G8-008 refers to the common subset of these two groups.
NOTE 2 A collection of national regulations in usage of the U-NII band channels is listed in Annex D, Table D.1.
NOTE 3 Depending on local regulations, the implementation of DFS and/or TPC can be required. The DFS
mechanism is described in IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.9. The TPC mechanism is described in IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.8.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Table 1 — Channels allowed to be used for ISO 15118 (all parts) in the 2,4 GHz band
Channel ID Centre frequency (MHz)
1 2 412
2 2 417
3 2 422
4 2 427
5 2 432
6 2 437
7 2 442
8 2 447
9 2 452
10 2 457
11 2 462
Table 2 — Channels allowed to be used for ISO 15118 (all parts) in the 5 GHz band
Channel ID Centre frequency (MHz)
36 5 180
40 5 200
44 5 220
48 5 240
52 5 260
56 5 280
60 5 300
64 5 320
100 5 500
104 5 520
108 5 530
112 5 560
116 5 580
120 5 600
124 5 620
128 5 640
132 5 660
136 5 680
140 5 700
149 5 745
153 5 765
157 5 785
161 5 805
165 5 825
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
Key
1 15118 channels
2 channels to be used by SECC and EVCC
3 channels allowed by local regulation
Figure 2 — Illustration of a subset of ISO 15118 (all parts) channels and channels allowed by
local regulation
7.2.4 SECC channel scanning and selection
Since SECCs operate using unlicensed shared spectrum, the spectrum environment at the operation
site of the SECC should be taken into account when selecting the operating channel in order to improve
robustness of the communication link between the SECC and EVCC(s). The SECC may perform automatic
channel scanning and selection to choose an appropriate channel. The effectiveness of the automatic
channel selection is dependent on the channel selection algorithm, which is out of scope of this
document. Alternatively, the operator may analyse the operating environment through a spectrum site
survey and select the most suitable channel/list of channels for the SECC. These two methods are not
mutually exclusive to each other and may be used in combination depending on the needs of the SECC
operator. The requirements in this subclause are formulated as the basic requirements to ensure a good
level of confidence for smooth operation.
[V2G8-009] Channel selection of the SECC shall be done by an automatic channel scanning and
channel switching algorithm.
NOTE 1 Channel scanning refers to an SECC scanning a list of channels which it can operate in.
NOTE 2 Channel switching refers to the change of the current operating channel of the SECC to a different and
more preferred channel after channel scanning.
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ISO 15118-8:2020(E)
[V2G8-010] If a site spectrum survey for channel selection is done by the operator, automatic
channel scanning and channel switching shall be optional.
[V2G8-011] If an automatic channel scanning is implemented, the wireless communication
module of the SECC shall scan the spectrum after power-on.
[V2G8-012] If an automatic channel scanning is implemented, the wireless communication
module of the SECC shall scan the spectrum after ending the V2G communication
session, when there is no other associated EVCC.
[V2G8-013] The spectrum scan shall be started within 5 s after the last V2G communication
session is finished.
NOTE 3 The term V2G communication session is defined in ISO 15118-2.
[V2G8-014] Channel scanning and channel switching shall be done within 30 s after starting
the channel scanning.
[V2G8-015] If an automatic channel scanning is implemented, the wireless communication
module of the SECC shall scan the spectrum at least every
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 15118-8
Deuxième édition
2020-09
Véhicules routiers — Interface de
communication entre véhicule et
réseau électrique —
Partie 8:
Exigences relatives à la couche
physique et à la couche de
liaison entre les données pour la
communication sans fil
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface —
Part 8: Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless
communication
Numéro de référence
ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
©
ISO 2020
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-Propos.iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Symboles et termes abrégés . 2
5 Conventions . 3
5.1 Définition des services basés sur OSI . 3
5.2 Structure des exigences . 3
6 Architecture du système . 3
7 Exigences de la communication sans fil . 4
7.1 Vue d’ensemble . 4
7.2 Exigences du SECC . 5
7.2.1 Généralités . 5
7.2.2 Technologie WLAN . 6
7.2.3 Fréquence et canal WLAN . 6
7.2.4 Recherche et sélection des canaux du SECC . 8
7.2.5 Qualité de service . 9
7.2.6 Soutien d’association .10
7.2.7 Interfaces de la couche 2 .14
7.2.8 Appariement .15
7.3 Les exigences EVCC .15
7.3.1 Généralités .15
7.3.2 Technologie WLAN .15
7.3.3 Fréquence et canal WLAN .16
7.3.4 Qualité de service .16
7.3.5 Support d’association .17
7.3.6 Les interfaces de la couche 2 .19
7.4 Sécurité .19
Annexe A (informative) Emplacement de montage du module de communication sans fil et
de l’antenne .20
Annexe B (informative) Exemple de recherche d'interférence et de sélection automatique
de canal .24
Annexe C (informative) Introduction de l’aire de service disponible .28
Annexe D (informative) Règlementations Nationales à l’usage des bandes U-NII .30
Bibliographie .35
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
Avant-Propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir www .iso .org/ avant -propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré conjointement par le comité technique ISO/TC 22, Véhicules routiers,
sous-comité SC 31, Communication de données, et le comité technique IEC/TC 69 Véhicules électriques
destinés à circuler sur la voie publique et chariots de manutention électriques, en collaboration avec
le comité technique CEN/TC 301, Véhicules routiers, du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN)
conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de Vienne).
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 15118-8:2018), dont elle constitue
une révision mineure. Les modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les suivantes:
— DFS et/ou TPC sont désormais utilisés au lieu de seulement DFS, voir 7.2.3 et 7.3.3;
— correction de l'exigence V2G8-034 ;
— corrections rédactionnelles.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 15118 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www .iso .org/ fr/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
Introduction
L’imminence de la crise énergétique et la nécessité de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre a
conduit les constructeurs de véhicules à réaliser un effort considérable pour réduire la consommation
énergétique de leurs véhicules. Ils mettent actuellement au point des véhicules partiellement ou
totalement propulsés à l’énergie électrique. Ces véhicules diminueront la dépendance au pétrole,
amélioreront le rendement énergétique mondial et réduiront les émissions globales des transports
routiers en CO si l’électricité provient de sources renouvelables. Une infrastructure de recharge
2
spécifique est requise pour charger les batteries de tels véhicules.
La majeure partie du travail de normalisation des cotes et spécifications électriques de l’infrastructure
de charge et de l’interface du véhicule a déjà été traitée dans les groupes ISO et IEC concernés.
Cependant, la question du transfert des données entre le VE et l’EVSE n’a pas été suffisamment traitée.
Cette communcation est nécessaire pour optimiser les ressources d’énergie et les systèmes de
production d’énergie afin que les véhicules puissent être rechargés de la manière la plus économique
et la plus efficace du point de vue énergétique. Il est en outre nécessaire de développer des systèmes
de facturation efficaces et pratiques afin de couvrir les micro-paiements qui en résultent. Dans le futur,
les canaux de communication nécessaires pourront servir à la stabilisation du réseau électrique ainsi
qu’au soutien des services d’informations supplémentaires requis pour une exploitation efficace et
économique des véhicules électriques.
Selon l’ISO 15118-3, les messages échangés entre le véhicule et l’infrastructure sont transportés au
travers du câble utilisé pour le transfert d’énergie. Avec l’avénement des technologies de transfert
d’énergie sans fil, et le formidable développement des communications sans fil dans nos sociétés, le
besoin d’une communication sans fil entre le véhicule et l’infrastructure de recharge devient impératif.
C’est l’objet principal du présent document. Les informations pertinentes sur les définitions de cas
d’usage et les exigences relatives au réseau et au protocole d’application se trouvent respectivement
dans les normes ISO 15118-1 et ISO 15118-2.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés v
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre
véhicule et réseau électrique —
Partie 8:
Exigences relatives à la couche physique et à la couche de
liaison entre les données pour la communication sans fil
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document définit les exigences de la couche physique et de la couche de liaison de données
d’une communication sans fil de haute niveau (HLC) entre les véhicules électriques (VE) et les
équipements d’alimentation des véhicules électriques (EVSE). La technologie de communication sans
fil est utilisée comme alternative à la technologie de communication filaire telle que définie dans
l’ISO 15118-3.
Il couvre l’échange global d’information entre tous les acteurs impliqués dans l’échange d’énergie
électrique. L’ISO 15118 (toutes les parties) s’applique à la charge par conduction ainsi qu’au transfert
d’énergie sans fil (WPT).
Concernant la charge conductive, seuls les EVSE conformes à «l’IEC 61851-1 modes 3 et 4» et supportant
la HLC sont couverts par le présent document. Concernant le WPT, les sites de charge conformes à
l’IEC 61980 (toutes les parties) et les véhicules conformes à l’ISO 19363 sont traités dans le présent
document.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 15118-1, Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et réseau électrique —
Partie 1 : Informations générales et définition de cas d’utilisation
ISO 15118-2:2014, Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et réseau électrique —
Partie 2 : Exigences du protocole d’application et du réseau
ISO 15118-3:2015, Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et réseau électrique —
Partie 3 : Exigences relatives à la couche physique et à la couche liaison de données
ISO 19363, Véhicules routiers électriques — Transmission d’énergie sans fil par champ magnétique —
Exigences de sécurité et d’interopérabilité
IEEE Std 802.11-2012, IEEE Standard for Information technology — Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — specific requirements: Part 11:
Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et les définitions de normes ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2
ainsi que les suivants s’appliquent.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés 1
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
point d’accès
AP
dispositif de communication sans fil permettant à l’utilisateur de se connecter à d’autres dispositifs de
communication sans fil ou filaires
Note 1 à l'article: Voir IEEE Std 802.11-2012.
3.2
site de charge
CS
zone comportant un ou plusieurs EVSE contrôlés par un SECC
3.3
station
STA
entité logique qui est une instance adressable individuellement d’un contrôle d'accès au support et de
l’interface de la couche physique vers le support sans fil qui n’agit pas comme point d’accès (3.1)
3.4
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11 où les instances sont HT APs (3.1) ou HT STAs (3.3)
Note 1 à l'article: Les caractéristiques d’un HT STA sont résumées dans l’IEEE Std 802.11-2012, 4.3.10. Un HT AP
est un point d’accès implémentant le même ensemble de fonctionnalités qu’un HT STA.
3.5
établissement d’un lien de couche 2
établissement d’une connexion indiquée par le processus d’association/réassociation réussi comme
décrit dans l’IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.3.5.2 et 10.3.5.3
3.6
aire de service disponible
zone restreinte d’une borne de charge dans laquelle un SECC offre un service de connexion avec une
qualité assurée
4 Symboles et termes abrégés
AP Point d’accès
AWC Communication automobile sans fil
CS Site de charge
DFS Sélection dynamique de fréquence
EDCA Accès amélioré aux canaux distribués
EID Identifiant d’élément
EMC Compatibilité électromagnétique
ETT Type de transfert d’énergie
2 © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
VE Véhicule électrique (electric vehicle – EV)
EVCC Contrôleur de communication de véhicule électrique
EVSE Équipement d'alimentation de véhicule électrique
HLC Communication de haut niveau
HLE Entités de couches supérieures
HT Haut débit
ISM Industriel, scientifique et médical
MAC Contrôle d'accès au support
SAP Point d’accès au service
SECC Contrôleur de communication de l’équipement d’alimentation
SSID Identificateur d’ensemble de services
TPC Commande de puissance de transfert
U-NII Infrastructure de l’information nationale sans licence
VSE Élément spécifique au fournisseur
WLAN Réseau local sans fil
WPT Transfert d’énergie sans fil
5 Conventions
5.1 Définition des services basés sur OSI
Le présent document est basé sur les conventions de service OSI (voir ISO/IEC 10731) pour les couches
individuelles spécifiées dans le présent document.
5.2 Structure des exigences
Chaque exigence particulière incluse dans le présent document comporte un code unique, comme suit :
« [V2G8-XXX] Énoncé de l’exigence »
— où « V2G8 » représente le présent document,
— où XXX représente le numéro particulier de l’exigence, et
— où « énoncé de l’exigence » comprend le texte de l’exigence.
EXEMPLE [V2G8-999] Sera un exemple d’exigence.
6 Architecture du système
Le présent document s’organise selon les principes architecturaux identiques à ceux de l’ISO 15118-3
soulignant la séparation à grande échelle du système en deux parties : la sous-couche MAC de la couche
de liaison de données et la couche physique. Ces couches sont destinées à correspondre étroitement aux
couches les plus basses du modèle ISO/IEC pour les systèmes ouverts (voir ISO/IEC 7498-1). La Figure 1
montre la relation entre le présent document et le modèle de référence OSI.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés 3
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
Figure 1 — Aperçu de ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2, et de ce document dans le modèle de référence
ISO/IEC OSI
Le présent document définit les exigences applicables aux couches 1 et 2, y compris l’interface primitive
de service normalisée V2G, pour la communication sans fil, selon l’architecture en couches OSI. Les
couches 3 à 7 sont spécifiées dans l’ISO 15118-2.
Le présent document couvre à la fois la charge conductive et les cas d’usages WPT utilisant la
communication sans fil. Sauf définition différente, les exigences s’appliquent à la fois à la charge
conductive et à la charge WPT.
7 Exigences de la communication sans fil
7.1 Vue d’ensemble
Cet article donne les exigences du module de communication sans fil, à la fois pour l’EVCC et pour le
SECC. EVCC et SECC utilisent le réseau local sans fil (WLAN) comme indiqué dans l’IEEE Std 802.11-2012
pour la communication sans fil. Plus précisément, ils implémentent l’ensemble des fonctionnalités d’un
4 © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
HT STA ou d’un HT AP (qui ont été précisés au départ dans l’IEEE 802.11n-2009 et sont communément
appelés IEEE 802.11n), et fonctionnent dans les bandes 2,4 GHz et 5 GHz.
Ces bandes de fréquences sont des bandes ISM et U-NII sur lesquelles les autres technologies de
®1) ®2)
communication sans fil (ex. Bluetooth , ZigBee , baby phone) ainsi que les systèmes de non-
communication (ex. fours micro-onde, systèmes radar) peuvent provoquer des interférences avec les
canaux de communication WLAN. Par conséquent, les exigences du présent document sont conçues
de manière à garantir non seulement l’interopérabilité des systèmes, mais également à renforcer
la robustesse de la communication. De plus, les fabricants et les opérateurs doivent s’assurer que le
système est configuré pour être robuste. Par exemple, une attention particulière doit être apportée à la
sélection d’un canal opérationnel approprié pour éviter les interférences mentionnées précédemment.
Le présent document couvre différents cas d’usages en relation avec la communication sans fil pour
la charge conductive et le WPT, en tenant compte des différentes exigences de portée du canal de
communication.
— Découverte : l’EVCC est entré dans la portée de communication de la ou des SECC(s), puis s’associe à
un SECC approprié, pour démarrer le processus HLC pour les étapes suivantes (portée généralement
comprise entre 5 m et 30 m).
— Positionnement précis : alignement des dispositifs primaires et secondaires pour un transfert
d’énergie efficace en cas de WPT et alignement des connecteurs de VE et d’EVSE pour le transfert
d’énergie en cas de connexion automatique pour une charge conductive (portée généralement
comprise entre 10 cm et 5 m).
— Contrôle de charge : par exemple, demande d’énergie du véhicule vers l’EVSE (portée généralement
comprise entre 5 cm et 5 m).
Les détails de cas d’usages sont fournis dans l’ISO 15118-1.
La distance entre EVCC et SECC pour le contrôle de charge dépend de l’emplacement d’installation des
modules de communication sans fil et des antennes. Cela n’entre pas dans le champ d’application du
présent document et relève du fournisseur. Comme la distance influe sur la fiabilité de la liaison de la
communication, les fabricants sont invités à porter une attention particulière au choix de l’emplacement
du montage. Des paramètres supplémentaires à prendre en considération et quelques exemples de
configuration sont donnés en Annexe A.
Pour soumettre à essai et évaluer un système installé, un concept d’aire de service disponible a été
développé et détaillé en Annexe C.
7.2 Exigences du SECC
7.2.1 Généralités
Le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit satisfaire aux exigences décrites dans ce paragraphe
pour assurer l’interopérabilité entre le SECC et l’EVCC avec une robustesse de communication adéquate
pour les applications V2G.
®
1) Bluetooth est la marque d'un produit distribué par Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Cette information est
donnée à l'intention des utilisateurs du présent document et ne signifie nullement que l'ISO approuve l'emploi du
produit ainsi désigné. Des produits équivalents peuvent être utilisés s'il est démontré qu'ils aboutissent aux mêmes
résultats.
®
2) ZigBee est la marque d’un produit distribué par Zigbee alliance. Cette information est donnée à l'intention des
utilisateurs du présent document et ne signifie nullement que l'ISO approuve l'emploi du produit ainsi désigné. Des
produits équivalents peuvent être utilisés s'il est démontré qu'ils aboutissent aux mêmes résultats.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés 5
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
7.2.2 Technologie WLAN
[V2G8-001] Le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit utiliser la technologie de communi-
cation sans fil conforme à l’IEEE 802.11 (voir IEEE 802.11-2012).
[V2G8-002] Le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit être configuré comme point d’accès
(AP) conformément à l’IEEE 802.11.
[V2G8-003] Le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit prendre en charge l'ensemble des
fonctionnalités obligatoires d’un AP HT conformément à l’IEEE 802.11-2012 sur tous
les canaux qu’il supporte.
NOTE 1 Un AP HT est un point d’accès qui implémente le même ensemble de fonctionnalités qu’un STA HT
(voir IEEE 802.11-2012, 4.3.10).
Le SECC peut supporter d’autres variantes de la technologie IEEE 802.11, à condition que les EVCC
puissent établir des connexions via l’IEEE 802.11n. Le très haut débit PHY est un exemple de cette
technologie (voir IEEE 802.11ac-2013).
[V2G8-004] La période de balise du SECC ne doit pas dépasser T_beacon = 105 ms.
NOTE 2 La période de balise est le temps entre deux transmissions de trames de signalisation successives.
Elle est mesurée en unités de temps (1 TU = 1 024 µs). Une valeur type serait T_beacon = 100 TU.
NOTE 3 T_beacon est la valeur du champ d’intervalles de balises telles qu’elles sont décrites dans la norme
IEEE 802.11-2012, 8.4.1.3.
7.2.3 Fréquence et canal WLAN
Il existe deux bandes de fréquence comportant jusqu’à 35 canaux que le SECC et l’EVCC peuvent utiliser
pour communiquer. Le SECC est responsable du choix du canal à utiliser. Les SECCs prenant en charge
le fonctionnement simultané à double bande peuvent offrir deux canaux de fonctionnement pour
la connexion des EVCCs, tandis que les SECCs prenant en charge le fonctionnement en double bande
sélectionnable ne peuvent offrir qu’un seul canal de fonctionnement. Le SECC pour les communications
sans fil peut être responsable d’une ou de plusieurs prises électriques comme décrit dans l’ISO 15118-1,
ce qui est différent du SECC utilisant la communication par courant porteur qui ne contrôle qu’une
seule prise électrique comme décrit dans l’ISO 15118-3. En raison de la possible différence radicale des
conditions environnementales spectrales entre les EVCCs, dans le cas des SECCs contrôlant plusieurs
prises électriques, offrir deux canaux de fonctionnement permettrait aux EVCCs de choisir le canal
le moins affecté par ses interférences locales (par ex. provenant d’un système d’infodivertissement
embarqué), augmentant ainsi la robustesse de la communication. Pour les SECCs installés dans un
environnement non contrôlé où le spectre ne fera pas l’objet d’une surveillance professionnelle, par
ex. généralement envisagé pour les systèmes WPT, il est également recommandé d’offrir un support à
double bande simultané.
6 © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15118-8:2020(F)
[V2G8-005] Si le SECC prend en charge le WPT, le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit
prendre en charge le fonctionnement en parallèle sur les deux bandes de fréquence
2,4 GHz et 5 GHz.
[V2G8-006] Si le SECC contrôle deux ou plusieurs prises électriques à la fois, le module de commu-
nication sans fil du SECC doit prendre en charge le fonctionnement en parallèle sur les
deux bandes de fréquence 2,4 GHz et 5 GHz.
[V2G8-007] Si le SECC ne contrôle qu’une prise électrique à la fois, le module de communication sans
fil du SECC doit prendre en charge le fonctionnement sur les deux bandes de fréquence
2,4 GHz et 5 GHz mais pas nécessairement en parallèle, sauf si [V2G8-005] s’applique.
[V2G8-008] Le module de communication sans fil du SECC doit prendre en charge un minimum de
trois canaux par bande de fréquence sur le site d’exploitation parmi les canaux énu-
mérés aux Tableau 1 et Tableau 2.
NOTE 1 Selon l’emplacement du SECC, tous les canaux énumérés dans les Tableaux 1 et 2 peuvent ne pas être
utilisés (voir Figure 2). V2G8-027 et V2G8-008 font référence au sous-ensemble commun à ces deux groupes.
NOTE 2 Un ensemble de règlementations nationales à l’usage des canaux de la bande U-NII est listé en
Annexe D, Tableau D.1.
NOTE 3 Selon les règlementations locales, la mise en œuvre de DFS et/ou de TPC peut être requise. Le mécanisme
DFS est décrit dans l’IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.9. Le mécanisme TPC est décrit dans l’IEEE 802.11-2012, 10.8.
Tableau 1 — Canaux pouvant être utilisés pour l’ISO 15118 (toutes les parties) sur la bande
2,4 GHz
ID du canal Fréquence centrale (MHz)
1 2 412
2 2 417
3 2 422
4 2 427
5 2 432
6 2 437
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 15118-8
ISO/TC 22/SC 31
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid
Secretariat: DIN
communication interface —
Voting begins on:
2020-05-27
Part 8:
Voting terminates on:
Physical layer and data link
2020-08-19
layer requirements for wireless
communication
Véhicules routiers — Interface de communication entre véhicule et
réseau électrique —
Partie 8: Exigences relatives à la couche physique et à la couche de
liaison entre les données pour la communication sans fil
This draft is submitted to a parallel vote in ISO and in IEC.
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Conventions . 3
5.1 Definition of OSI based services . 3
5.2 Requirement structure . 3
6 System architecture . 3
7 Wireless communication requirements . 4
7.1 Overview . 4
7.2 SECC requirements . 5
7.2.1 General. 5
7.2.2 WLAN technology . 5
7.2.3 WLAN frequency and channel . 6
7.2.4 SECC channel scanning and selection . 8
7.2.5 Quality of service . 9
7.2.6 Association support .10
7.2.7 Layer 2 interfaces .13
7.2.8 Pairing .14
7.3 EVCC requirements .14
7.3.1 General.14
7.3.2 WLAN technology .14
7.3.3 WLAN frequency and channel .15
7.3.4 Quality of service .15
7.3.5 Association support .15
7.3.6 Layer 2 interfaces .17
7.4 Security .18
Annex A (informative) Mounting location of wireless communication module and antenna .19
Annex B (informative) Interference scan and auto channel selection example .23
Annex C (informative) Introduction of service available area .26
Annex D (informative) National regulations in usage of U-NII bands .28
Bibliography .33
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee
SC 31, Data communication, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 69, Electric road vehicles and electric
industrial trucks in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 301, Road vehicles, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15118-8:2018) of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Correction of requirement V2G8-034;
— Editorial corrections.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15118 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Introduction
The pending energy crisis and necessity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has led the vehicle
manufacturers to a very significant effort to reduce the energy consumption of their vehicles. They
are presently developing vehicles partly or completely propelled by electric energy. Those vehicles will
reduce the dependency on oil, improve the global energy efficiency and reduce the total CO emissions
2
for road transportation if the electricity is produced from renewable sources. To charge the batteries of
such vehicles, a specific charging infrastructure is required.
Much of the standardization work on dimensional and electrical specifications of the charging
infrastructure and the vehicle interface is already treated in the relevant ISO or IEC groups. However,
the question of information transfer between the EV and the EVSE has not been treated sufficiently.
Such communication is necessary for the optimization of energy resources and energy production
systems so that vehicles can recharge in the most economic or most energy efficient way. It is also
required to develop efficient and convenient billing systems in order to cover the resulting micro-
payments. The necessary communication channel may serve in the future to contribute to the
stabilization of the electrical grid, as well as to support additional information services required to
operate electric vehicles efficiently and economically.
In ISO 15118-3, the messages exchanged between the vehicle and the infrastructure are transported
by the cable used for power transfer. With the inception of wireless power transfer technologies and
the tremendous development of wireless communication in our societies, the need for a wireless
communication between vehicle and charging infrastructure becomes imperative. This is the main
focus of this document. The relevant information on use-case definitions and network and application
protocol requirements can be found in ISO 15118-1 and ISO 15118-2, respectively.
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication
interface —
Part 8:
Physical layer and data link layer requirements for
wireless communication
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements of the physical and data link layer of a wireless High Level
Communication (HLC) between Electric Vehicles (EV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment
(EVSE). The wireless communication technology is used as an alternative to the wired communication
technology as defined in ISO 15118-3.
It covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in the electrical energy exchange.
ISO 15118 (all parts) are applicable for conductive charging as well as Wireless Power Transfer (WPT).
For conductive charging, only EVSEs compliant with “IEC 61851-1 modes 3 and 4” and supporting HLC
are covered by this document. For WPT, charging sites according to IEC 61980 (all parts) and vehicles
according to ISO 19363 are covered by this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15118-1, Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 1: General information and
use-case definition
ISO 15118-2:2014, Road vehicles — Vehicle-to-Grid Communication Interface — Part 2: Network and
application protocol requirements
ISO 15118-3:2015, Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 3: Physical and data
link layer requirements
ISO 19363, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Magnetic field wireless power transfer — Safety and
interoperability requirements
IEEE Std 802.11-2012, IEEE Standard for Information technology — Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — specific requirements: Part 11:
Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
3.1
access point
AP
wireless communication device that allows the user to connect to other wireless or wired
communication devices
Note 1 to entry: See IEEE Std 802.11-2012.
3.2
charging site
CS
area with one or more EVSEs controlled by one SECC
3.3
station
STA
logical entity that is a singly addressable instance of a medium access control and physical layer
interface to the wireless medium which does not act as an access point (3.1)
3.4
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE Std 802.11 where the instances are HT APs or HT STAs (3.3)
Note 1 to entry: The features of an HT STA are summarized in IEEE Std 802.11-2012, 4.3.10. An HT AP is an access
point (3.1) implementing the same set of features as an HT STA.
3.5
layer 2 link establishment
connection establishment indicated by a successful association/reassociation process as described in
IEEE Std 802.11-2012, 10.3.5.2 and 10.3.5.3
3.6
service available area
restricted area around a charging station in which an SECC provides a connecting service with an
ensured quality
4 Abbreviated terms
AP Access Point
AWC Automotive Wireless Communication
CS Charging Site
DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection
EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
EID Element Identifier
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
ETT Energy Transfer Type
EV Electric Vehicle
EVCC Electric Vehicle Communication Controller
EVSE Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
HLC High Level Communication
HLE Higher Layer Entities
HT High Throughput
ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical
MAC Medium Access Control
SAP Service Access Point
SECC Supply Equipment Communication Controller
SSID Service Set Identifier
TPC Transmit Power Control
U-NII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
VSE Vendor Specific Element
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
WPT Wireless Power Transfer
5 Conventions
5.1 Definition of OSI based services
This document is based on the OSI service conventions (see ISO/IEC 10731) for the individual layers
specified in this document.
5.2 Requirement structure
Each individual requirement included in this document has a unique code, as follows:
“[V2G8-XXX] Requirement text”
— where “V2G8” represents this document,
— where XXX represents the individual requirement number, and
— where “requirement text” includes the actual text of the requirement.
EXAMPLE [V2G8-999] This shall be an example requirement.
6 System architecture
This document is organized along architectural lines, same as in ISO 15118-3 emphasizing the large-scale
separation of the system into two parts: the MAC sub layer of the data link layer and the physical layer.
These layers are intended to correspond closely to the lowest layers of the ISO/IEC model for open systems
(see ISO/IEC 7498-1). Figure 1 shows the relationship of this document to the OSI reference model.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Overview of ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2, and this document in the
ISO/IEC OSI reference model
This document defines requirements applicable to layer 1 and 2, including the V2G standardized service
primitive interface for wireless communication, according to the OSI layered architecture. Layers 3 to 7
are specified in ISO 15118-2.
This document covers both conductive charging and WPT use-cases using wireless communication. If
not defined differently, requirements apply for both conductive charging and WPT.
7 Wireless communication requirements
7.1 Overview
This clause gives requirements for the wireless communication module on both the EVCC and the SECC
side. EVCC and SECC make use of wireless local area network (WLAN) as specified in IEEE Std 802.11-
2012 for wireless communication. More specifically, they implement the feature set of an HT STA or
HT AP (which were originally specified in IEEE 802.11n-2009 and are thus commonly referred to as
IEEE 802.11n), and operate in the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
These frequency bands are ISM and U-NII bands where both other wireless communication technologies
®1) ®2)
(e.g. Bluetooth , ZigBee , baby phone), and non-communication systems (e.g. microwave ovens,
radar systems) can cause interference with the WLAN communication channels. Therefore, the
requirements in this document are designed in a way where not only system interoperability is ensured,
but also the communication robustness is hardened. In addition, manufacturers and operators need to
make sure that the system is configured for robustness. For example, particular care has to be given to
selecting an appropriate operating channel to avoid the above-mentioned interference.
This document covers various use-cases in relationship to wireless communication for conductive
charging and WPT, considering different range requirements for the communication channel:
— Discovery: the EVCC has entered the communication range of the SECC(s), then associates to an
appropriate SECC to start HLC for further steps (typically 5 m to 30 m range);
— Fine positioning: alignment of the primary and secondary devices for efficient power transfer in
case of WPT and alignment of the connectors of EV and EVSE for power transfer in case of automatic
connection for conductive charging (typically 10 cm to 5 m range);
— Charging control: for example, power request from vehicle to EVSE (typically 5 cm to 5 m range).
Use-case details are given in ISO 15118-1.
The distance between EVCC and SECC for charging control depends on the installation location of
the wireless communication modules and antennae. This is out of scope of this document and vendor
specific. As the distance influences the reliability of the communication link, manufacturers are
encouraged to pay particular attention to the choice of mounting location. Additional parameters to be
considered and some example setups are given in Annex A.
For testing and evaluating an installed system, a concept of service available area has been developed
and detailed in Annex C.
7.2 SECC requirements
7.2.1 General
The wireless communication module of the SECC shall fulfil the requirements described in this
subclause to ensure interoperability between the SECC and EVCC with adequate communication
robustness for V2G applications.
7.2.2 WLAN technology
[V2G8-001] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall use IEEE 802.11
(see IEEE Std 802.11-2012) compliant wireless communication technology.
[V2G8-002] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall be configured as
access point (AP) according to IEEE 802.11.
[V2G8-003] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall support the mandatory
feature set of an HT AP according to IEEE Std 802.11-2012 on all the channels that
it supports.
NOTE 1 An HT AP is an access point implementing the same set of features as an HT STA (see IEEE Std 802.11-
2012, 4.3.10).
®
1) Bluetooth is the trademark of a product supplied by Bluetooth Special Interest Group. This information is
given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product
named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) ZigBee is the trademark of a product supplied by Zigbee alliance. This information is given for the convenience
of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
The SECC may support other variants of IEEE 802.11 technology, as long as EVCCs can always establish
connections via IEEE 802.11n. An example of such a technology is the very high throughput PHY
(see IEEE 802.11ac-2013).
[V2G8-004] The beacon period of the SECC shall not exceed T_beacon = 105 ms.
NOTE 2 The beacon period is the time between two successive transmissions of the beacon frame. It is
measured in time units (1 TU = 1 024 µs). A typical value would be T_beacon = 100 TU.
NOTE 3 T_beacon is the value of the beacon interval field as described in IEEE Std 802.11-2012, 8.4.1.3.
7.2.3 WLAN frequency and channel
There are two frequency bands with up to 35 channels which the SECC and EVCC can use to communicate.
The SECC is responsible for choosing the channel for operation. SECCs supporting simultaneous dual
band operation is able to offer two operating channels for EVCCs to connect, while SECCs supporting
selectable dual band operation is only able to offer a single operating channel. The SECC for wireless
communication may be responsible for one or more power outlets as described in ISO 15118-1, which
is different from the SECC using powerline communication which controls only a single power outlet as
described in ISO 15118-3. Due to the possible drastic difference in the spectral environmental conditions
among the EVCCs in the case of SECCs controlling multiple power outlets, offering two operating
channels would let the EVCCs choose the channel which is less affected by its local interferences (e.g.
from in-car infotainment system) and thus increase the communication robustness. For SECCs installed
in an uncontrolled environment where the spectrum will not be monitored professionally, e.g. typically
envisioned for WPT systems, it is also advisable to offer simultaneous dual band support.
[V2G8-005] If the SECC supports WPT, the wireless communication module of the SECC shall
support operation at both the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands in parallel.
[V2G8-006] If the SECC controls two or more power outlets at a time, the wireless
communication module of the SECC shall support operation at both the 2,4 GHz
and 5 GHz frequency bands in parallel.
[V2G8-007] If the SECC controls only one power outlet at a time, the wireless communication
module of the SECC shall support operation at both the 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz
frequency bands, but not necessarily in parallel, unless [V2G8-005] applies.
[V2G8-008] The wireless communication module of the SECC shall support a minimum of three
channels per frequency band at the operating site among the channels listed in
Table 1 and Table 2.
NOTE 1 Depending on the location of the SECC, not all the channels listed in Table 1 and Table 2 can be allowed
to be used (see Figure 2). V2G8-027 and V2G8-008 refers to the common subset of these two groups.
NOTE 2 A collection of national regulations in usage of the U-NII band channels is listed in Annex D, Table D.1.
NOTE 3 Depending on local regulations, the implementation of DFS and/or TPC can be required. The DFS
mechanism is described in IEEE Std 802.11-2012, 10.9. The TPC mechanism is described in IEEE Std 802.11-
2012, 10.8.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Table 1 — Channels allowed to be used for ISO 15118 (all parts) in the 2,4 GHz band
Channel ID Centre frequency (MHz)
1 2 412
2 2 417
3 2 422
4 2 427
5 2 432
6 2 437
7 2 442
8 2 447
9 2 452
10 2 457
11 2 462
Table 2 — Channels allowed to be used for ISO 15118 (all parts) in the 5 GHz band
Channel ID Centre frequency (MHz)
36 5 180
40 5 200
44 5 220
48 5 240
52 5 260
56 5 280
60 5 300
64 5 320
100 5 500
104 5 520
108 5 530
112 5 560
116 5 580
120 5 600
124 5 620
128 5 640
132 5 660
136 5 680
140 5 700
149 5 745
153 5 765
157 5 785
161 5 805
165 5 825
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
Key
1 15118 channels
2 channels to be used by SECC and EVCC
3 channels allowed by local regulation
Figure 2 — Illustration of a subset of ISO 15118 (all parts) channels and channels allowed by
local regulation
7.2.4 SECC channel scanning and selection
Since SECCs operate using unlicensed shared spectrum, the spectrum environment at the operation
site of the SECC should be taken into account when selecting the operating channel in order to improve
robustness of the communication link between the SECC and EVCC(s). The SECC may perform automatic
channel scanning and selection to choose an appropriate channel. The effectiveness of the automatic
channel selection is dependent on the channel selection algorithm, which is out of scope of this
document. Alternatively, the operator may analyse the operating environment through a spectrum site
survey and select the most suitable channel/list of channels for the SECC. These two methods are not
mutually exclusive to each other and may be used in combination depending on the needs of the SECC
operator. The requirements in this subclause are formulated as the basic requirements to ensure a good
level of confidence for smooth operation.
[V2G8-009] Channel selection of the SECC shall be done by an automatic channel scanning and
channel switching algorithm.
NOTE 1 Channel scanning refers to an SECC scanning a list of channels which it can operate in.
NOTE 2 Channel switching refers to the change of the current operating channel of the SECC to a different and
more preferred channel after channel scanning.
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ISO/FDIS 15118-8:2020(E)
[V2G8-010] If a site spectrum survey for channel selection is done by the operator, automatic
channel scanning and channel switching shall be optional.
[V2G8-011] If an automatic channel scanning is implemented, t
...
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