ISO 20474-6:2017

Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 6: Requirements for dumpers

ISO 20474-6:2017 gives the safety requirements specific to wheeled and crawler dumpers as defined in ISO 6165, including compact dumpers with seated or standing operator. It is not applicable to dumpers primarily designed for use on public roads. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474‑1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families. The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of ISO 20474‑1. ISO 20474-6:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see ISO 20474‑1:2017, Annex A) when used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance. ISO 20474-6:2017 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.

Engins de terrassement — Sécurité — Partie 6: Exigences applicables aux tombereaux

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Jul-2017
• ICS: 53.100 - Earth-moving machinery
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 127/SC 2 - Safety, ergonomics and general requirements
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 127/SC 2 - Safety, ergonomics and general requirements
• Parallel Committee: ISO/TC 23/SC 15 - Machinery for forestry
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 06-Dec-2022
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO 8596:2017 - Ophthalmic optics - Visual acuity testing - Standard and clinical optotypes and their presentation
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Revises: ISO 20474-6:2008 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
• Effective Date: 03-Nov-2011

Overview - ISO 20474-6:2017 (Dumpers)

ISO 20474-6:2017 is the Type-C safety standard that specifies machine-specific safety requirements for wheeled and crawler dumpers, including compact dumpers with seated or standing operators. It is to be used together with ISO 20474‑1 (General requirements); where this part gives specific requirements, those take precedence. The standard addresses significant hazards during commissioning, operation and maintenance and is not applicable to machines built before publication or dumpers primarily designed for public road use.

Key topics and technical requirements

The standard focuses on practical protective measures and lists specific requirements for dumpers, including:

• Dump body controls and safety

  • Safe placement and design of manual control devices for opening/closing the body.
  • Safe lowering of the body to transport position in case of energy loss (e.g., manual valve).
  • Body-down indicators and speed limitations: devices preventing speeds >10 km/h when body not lowered (up to 20 km/h for articulated dumpers used for spreading); audible/visible warnings when body is raised and transmission engaged.
  • Body support devices meeting ISO 13333 for maintenance and service.
  • Measures to assist discharge where material may stick to the body (compact dumpers excluded).

• Retarder systems

  • Required for all dumpers except compact and crawler dumpers, in accordance with ISO 10268.

• ROPS and FOPS

  • Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) per ISO 3471 with modifications (see ISO 3164 for lateral loading on compact dumpers).
  • Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) - Level II for most dumpers; Level I for compact dumpers with cabs, and Level II for compact dumpers with self-loading equipment (per ISO 3449).

• Operator station and ergonomics

  • Cab requirements per ISO 20474‑1 (compact dumpers need a cab only in hazardous conditions).
  • Seating and vibration classes per ISO 7096: wheeled dumpers EM1; compact dumpers EM7.
  • Special provisions for compact dumpers with standing operators: max travel speed 4 km/h, hold-to-run controls, devices to support operator, containment within machine plan dimensions, and interlocks to prevent travel when operator not in safe position.

Applications and users

ISO 20474-6 is intended for:

• Dumper manufacturers and designers to integrate safety into product design
• Safety engineers and compliance officers ensuring conformity with industry standards
• Test laboratories and certification bodies performing laboratory evaluations (ROPS/FOPS/retarder)
• Procurement teams, fleet managers and site safety managers specifying safe equipment for construction, quarrying, and earth-moving operations

Related standards

Commonly used with:

• ISO 20474-1 (General requirements)
• ISO 6165 (Terminology & types)
• ISO 3449 (FOPS), ISO 3471 (ROPS), ISO 3164 (deflection-limiting volume)
• ISO 10268 (Retarder tests), ISO 13333 (body support devices), ISO 7096 (seat vibration)

Keywords: ISO 20474-6, dumpers safety, earth-moving machinery, FOPS, ROPS, operator station, dump body safety, compact dumper.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20474-6
Second edition
2017-07
Earth-moving machinery — Safety —
Part 6:
Requirements for dumpers
Engins de terrassement — Sécurité —
Partie 6: Exigences applicables aux tombereaux
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety requirements and protective measures . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Dump body . 3
4.2.1 Control device. 3
4.2.2 Body lowering . 3
4.2.3 Body-down indicator. 3
4.2.4 Body support device . 3
4.2.5 Sticking load . . 3
4.3 Retarder . 3
4.4 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) . 3
4.5 Falling object protective structures (FOPS) . 3
4.5.1 General. 3
4.5.2 FOPS level . 4
4.5.3 Compact dumper . 4
4.6 Operator station . 4
4.6.1 Cab . 4
4.6.2 Operator’s seat . 4
4.6.3 Compact dumpers with a standing operator position. 4
4.7 Steering system . 5
4.7.1 General. 5
4.7.2 Steering controls for machines with swivelling seats . 5
4.7.3 Controls for steering and driving of machines with turnable upper structure . 5
5 Information for use . 5
Annex A (informative) Illustrations. 6
Bibliography . 8
Foreword
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bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www. iso. org/d irectives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www. iso. org/p atents).
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URL: w w w . i s o. org/i so/f oreword. html
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery,
Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20474-6:2008), which has been
technically revised with the following changes:
— normative references have been updated;
— references to national and regional provisions in the withdrawn ISO/TS 20474-14 have been deleted;
— new safety requirements and protective measures have been added, including requirements for the
operator station.
It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20474 series, published under the general title, Earth-moving machinery —
Safety, can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
ISO 20474 provides acceptable safety requirements for earth-moving machinery. This standard does
not necessarily provide requirements to meet all national and regional regulatory provisions, e.g. Japan
does not allow object handling with earth-moving machinery.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20474-6:2017(E)
Earth-moving machinery — Safety —
Part 6:
Requirements for dumpers
1 Scope
This document gives the safety requirements specific to wheeled and crawler dumpers as defined in
ISO 6165, including compact dumpers with seated or standing operator. It is not applicable to dumpers
primarily designed for use on public roads. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1,
which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families.
The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of
ISO 20474-1.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-
moving machinery within its scope (see ISO 20474-1:2017, Annex A) when used as intended or under
conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical
measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from rele
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