ISO 22322:2015
(Main)Societal security — Emergency management — Guidelines for public warning
Societal security — Emergency management — Guidelines for public warning
ISO 22322:2015 provides guidelines for developing, managing, and implementing public warning before, during, and after incidents. This International Standard is applicable to any organization responsible for public warning. It is applicable at all levels, from local up to international. Before planning and implementing the public warning system, risks and consequences of potential hazards are assessed. This process is not part of this International Standard.
Sécurité sociétale — Gestion des urgences — Mises en garde de la population
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22322
First edition
2015-05-15
Societal security — Emergency
management — Guidelines for public
warning
Sécurité sociétale — Gestion des urgences — Mises en garde de la
population
Reference number
ISO 22322:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Public warning system . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Design the framework . 3
4.2.1 General. 3
4.2.2 Hazard monitoring function . 3
4.2.3 Warning dissemination function . 4
4.2.4 Responsibility for authorizing public warning . 4
4.3 Identify public warning objectives . 4
4.4 Implement the public warning process . 4
4.5 Evaluate and improve . 4
5 Public warning process . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Hazard monitoring process . 5
5.2.1 Identify the hazards to be monitored . 5
5.2.2 Monitor the hazards . 6
5.2.3 Identify the area to receive the public warning . 6
5.2.4 Communicate status updates . 6
5.3 Operational decision-making . 6
5.4 Warning dissemination process . 7
5.4.1 General. 7
5.4.2 Identify the area to receive the public warning . 7
5.4.3 Specify information content . 7
5.4.4 Select warning methods . 8
5.4.5 Disseminate public warning . 9
5.5 Human factor considerations . 9
Annex A (informative) Relationship between alert and notification in public warning .10
Annex B (informative) Public awareness .11
Bibliography .12
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary Information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 292, Security.
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
Introduction
Disasters, terrorist attacks, and other major incidents need an effective incident response in order to
save lives, mitigate harm, and damage. Emergency response organizations need to respond quickly to a
developing emergency situation. Time to communicate is limited and often, a specific message involving
practical action is to be disseminated to a large group. Simple procedures that send the message
efficiently and create the desired response can save lives, protect health, and prevent major disruptions.
The protection of people at risk from harm is an important part of an incident response. Public warning
enables response organizations to alert their responders and allows people at risk to take safety
measures to reduce the impact of incidents. Effective public warning consisting of alert and notification
can prevent panic reactions and support response organizations in optimizing their responses and
mitigate the impact.
Effective incident response needs a structured and pre-planned public warning. Public warning is based
on two functions: hazard monitoring and warning dissemination. It is also necessary to establish a
mechanism for risk identification, hazard monitoring, decision-making, warning dissemination, and to
evaluate and improve.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22322:2015(E)
Societal security — Emergency management — Guidelines
for public warning
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidelines for developing, managing, and implementing public
warning before, during, and after incidents.
This International Standard is applicable to any organization responsible for public warning. It is
applicable at all levels, from local up to international.
Before planning and implementing the public warning system, risks and consequences of potential
hazards are assessed. This process is not part of this International Standard.
2 Normative references
ISO 22300, Societal security — Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22300 and the following apply.
3.1
alert
part of public warning (3.7) that captures attention of first responders and people at risk (3.6) in a
developing emergency situation
3.2
all clear
message or signal that the danger is over
3.3
hazard monitoring function
activities to obtain evidence-based information on hazards in a defined area used to make decisions
about the need for public warning (3.7)
3.4
warning dissemination function
activities to issue appropriate messages for people at risk (3.6) based on evidence-based information
received from the hazard monitoring function (3.3)
3.5
notification
part of public warning (3.7) that provides essential information to people at risk (3.6) regarding the
decisions and actions necessary to cope with an emergency situation
3.6
people at risk
individuals in the area who may be affected by an incident
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
3.7
public warning
notification (3.5) and alert messages disseminated as an incident response measure to enable responders
and people at risk (3.6) to take safety measures
Note 1 to entry: Public warning can include information to raise public awareness and understanding or to provide
advisory or compulsory instructions.
3.8
public warning system
set of protocols, processes, and technologies based on the public warning policy to deliver notification
(3.5) and alert messages in a developing emergency situation to people at risk (3.6) and to first responders
3.9
vulnerable group
individuals who share one or several characteristics that are the basis of discrimination or adverse
social, economic, cultural, political, or health circumstances and that cause them to lack the means to
achieve their rights or, otherwise, enjoy equal opportunities
4 Public warning system
4.1 General
The organization should establish, document, implement, maintain, and continually improve a public
warning system (see Figure 1) based on a public warning policy described by Clause 4.
NOTE This International Standard does not describe the public warning policy.
Public warning policy
Design the framework
(4.2)
Identify public warning
Evaluate and improve
objectives
(4.5)
(4.3)
Implement the public
warning process
(4.4)
Figure 1 — Overview of the public warning system
The organization should assess the potential hazards that could occur within a defined area and the
level of potential risk each presents. The results of this assessment should determine the type of public
warning that may be required and be documented for future reference. The public warning system
developed by the organization should
a) comply with applicable legal and other obligatory requirements,
b) provide the framework for setting and reviewing public warning objectives,
c) be planned in advance,
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ISO 22322:2015(E)
d) be documented, implemented, and maintained,
e) have the human and technical resources to plan, implement, maintain, and improve the public
warning system,
f) be communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization,
g) provide suitable training for responders,
h) be available and communicated to the public generally and especially to the people at potential risk,
1)
i) involve appropriate consultation with community representatives or bodies concerned with
public interests, and
j) include a commitment to continual improvement.
4.2 Design the framework
4.2.1 General
The organization should design a framework based on two functions: hazard monitoring and warning
dissemination. The responsibility for issuing public warning should be assigned to the stakeholders who
2)
are individual experts, groups of experts, or organizations in the private or public sectors at the local,
up to international level. Those who contribute to both functions should
a) be familiar with the capabilities and capacities of the public warning system so that relevant,
accurate, reliable, and timely warnings will be disseminated,
b) make continuous effort to raise and maintain public awareness, and
c) specify safety actions within the warning.
4.2.2 Hazard monitoring function
Hazard monitoring is based on the risk assessment conducted to determine the hazards to be monitored.
Those involved in the hazard monitoring function are responsible for the following:
a) understanding hazard monitoring operations from local up to international agencies and have
channels to communicate with them;
b) ongoing monitoring of
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