SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
(Main)Precast concrete products - Hollow core slabs
Precast concrete products - Hollow core slabs
This European Standard deals with the requirements and the basic performance criteria and specifies minimum values where appropriate for precast hollow core slabs made of prestressed or reinforced normal weight concrete according to EN 1992-1-1:2004. This European Standard covers terminology, performance criteria, tolerances, relevant physical properties, special test methods, and special aspects of transport and erection. Hollow core elements are used in floors, roofs, walls and similar applications. In this European Standard the material properties and other requirements for floors and roofs are dealt with; for special use in walls and other applications, see the relevant product standards for possible additional requirements. The elements have lateral edges with a grooved profile in order to make a shear key to transfer shear through joints contiguous elements. For diaphragm action the joints have to function as horizontal shear joints. To improve this action vertical grooves may be provided.
The elements are manufactured in factories by extrusion, slipforming or mouldcasting. Fitting slabs (narrowed slab elements) and recesses to the hollow core slabs can be made during production or afterwards. Hollow core slabs can have provisions for thermal activation, heating, cooling, sound insulation, etc. Due to these provisions, the concrete temperature remains in it’s natural range.
This European Standard also deals with solid slab elements used in conjunction with hollow core slabs and manufactured by extrusion, slipforming or mouldcasting, equivalent to the manufacturing of hollow core slabs. These solid slabs have the same overall cross-section as hollow core slabs, however without hollow cores.
The application of the standard is limited for prestressed elements to a maximum depth of 500 mm and for reinforced elements to a maximum depth of 300 mm.
For both types, the maximum width without transverse reinforcement is limited to 1 200 mm and with transverse reinforcement to 2 400 mm.
The elements may be used in composite action with an in situ structural topping cast on site.
The applications considered are floors and roofs of buildings, including areas for vehicles in the category F and G of EN 1991-1-1 which are not subjected to fatigue loading. For building in seismic zones additional provisions are given in EN 1998-1.
This European Standard does not deal with complementary matters. E.g. the slabs should not be used in roofs without additional protection against water penetration.
Betonfertigteile - Hohlplatten
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen und die grundlegenden Leistungskriterien und, sofern dies angemessen ist, in Übereinstimmung mit EN 1992 1 1:2004 die Mindestwerte für vorgefertigte Spannbeton- oder Stahlbetonhohlplatten fest.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die Terminologie, Leistungskriterien, Toleranzen, wesentliche physika-lische Eigen¬schaften, besondere Prüfverfahren und speziell auf den Transport und die Montage bezogene Aspekte.
Hohlplatten werden für Decken, Dächer, Wände und ähnliche Anwendungsbereiche verwendet. In dieser Euro¬pä¬ischen Norm werden die Baustoffeigenschaften und andere Anforderungen an Decken und Dächer behandelt; für den Sonderfall der Verwendung für Wände und sonstige Anwendungen wird auf die ent¬spre-chenden Produktnormen hinsichtlich möglicher zusätzlicher Anforderungen verwiesen.
%Die Bauteile haben Seitenkanten mit einer Längsprofilierung zur Bildung eines Querkraftschlusses zur Über¬tragung von vertikalen Querkräften über die Fugen zwischen zwei benachbarten Bauteilen.& Um die Scheiben¬wirkung sicherzustellen, müssen die Fugen als horizontale Schubfugen wirken.
%Um diese Maßnahme zu verbessern, können vertikale Verzahnungen erzeugt werden.
Die Bauteile werden in Fertigteilwerken mit Extrudern, Gleitfertigern oder in Einzelformen hergestellt. Passplatten (mit geringeren Breiten) und Aussparungen in den Hohlplatten können während der Produktion oder anschließend gefertigt werden. Hohlplatten können Vorrichtungen zur thermischen Aktivierung, Erwärmung, Abkühlung, Schalldämmung usw. enthalten. Aufgrund dieser Vorrichtungen bleibt die Betontemperatur in ihrem natürlichen Bereich.&
%Diese Europäische Norm behandelt ebenfalls massive Deckenplatten, die in Verbindung mit Hohlplatten verwendet und wie diese mit Extrudern, Gleitfertigern oder in Einzelformen hergestellt werden. Diese massiven Deckenplatten haben denselben Querschnitt wie Hohlplatten, jedoch ohne Hohlräume.&
Die Anwendung der Norm ist beschränkt auf Spannbetonbauteile mit einer maximalen Dicke von 500 mm und bei Stahlbetonbauteilen auf 300 mm.
Bei beiden Bauarten beträgt die maximale Breite 1 200 mm ohne Querbewehrung und 2 400 mm mit Querbewehrung. &
Die Bauteile dürfen als Verbundbauteil mit einer statisch mitwirkenden Ortbetonschicht verwendet werden.
Der Anwendungsbereich umfasst Decken und Dächer von Gebäuden, einschließlich Fahr- und Parkflächen für Fahrzeuge der Kategorien F und G nach EN 1991-1-1, die keinen Ermüdungseinwirkungen unterworfen sind. Für das Bauen in Erdbebengebieten sind in EN 1998 1 zusätzliche Vorschriften angegeben.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für ergänzende Dinge. So sollten die Platten z. B. nicht ohne zusätzlichen Schutz gegen das Eindringen von Wasser in Dächern verwendet werden.
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Dalles alvéolées
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions et les critères relatifs aux performances de base, et spécifie, lorsque nécessaire, les valeurs minimales pour les dalles alvéolées préfabriquées en béton de masse volumique normale précontraint ou armé, conformément à l'EN 1992-1-1:2004.
La présente Norme européenne couvre la terminologie, les critères de performances, les tolérances, les propriétés physiques pertinentes, les méthodes d'essai particulières et les aspects relatifs au transport et à la mise en uvre.
Les dalles alvéolées sont utilisées dans les planchers, les toitures, les murs et pour des applications similaires. Dans la présente norme, sont traitées les propriétés des matériaux ainsi que d’autres prescriptions pour une utilisation en planchers et en toitures ; pour des utilisations spéciales en murs et autres applications, se reporter aux éventuelles prescriptions supplémentaires dans les normes de produits concernées.
%Les bords latéraux des éléments présentent un profil cranté afin de former une clé de cisaillement pour transférer le cisaillement à travers les joints des éléments contigus.& Pour la fonction diaphragme, les joints doivent permettre la transmission du cisaillement horizontal.
Pour améliorer cette action, il est possible de prévoir un crantage vertical.&
Les éléments sont fabriqués en usine par extrusion, filage ou moulage. %Les dalles démodulées (éléments de dalles réduits) et les trémies dans les dalles alvéolées peuvent être réalisées pendant ou après la production. Pour les dalles alvéolées, il est possible de prévoir des réservations pour tenir compte de l’inertie thermique, du chauffage, du refroidissement, de l’isolation acoustique, etc. Grâce à ces réservations, la température du béton reste comprise dans son domaine normal.&
La présente Norme européenne traite également des éléments de dalles pleines utilisés conjointement avec les dalles alvéolées et fabriqués par des procédés d'extrusion, de filage ou de moulage équivalant aux procédés de fabrication des dalles alvéolées. Ces dalles pleines ont la même section transversale totale que les dalles alvéolaires, mais sans les alvéoles.&
L'application de la présente norme est limitée aux éléments précontraints ayant une hauteur maximale de 500 mm et aux éléments armés ayant une hauteur maximale de 300 mm.
Pour les deux types, la largeur maximale est limitée à 1 200 mm pour les éléments sans armature transversale et à 2 400 mm pour les éléments avec armatures transversales.&
Les éléments peuvent être utilisés avec une dalle rapportée structurelle coulée en place de manière à créer une action composite.
Les applications envisagées sont les planchers et les toitures de bâtiments, y compris les zones pour véhicules de catégories F et G telles que définies dans l'EN 1991-1-1:2004 qui ne sont pas soumises à des charges de fatigue. Pour les bâtiments en zones sismiques, des prescriptions supplémentaires sont données dans l'EN 1998-1.
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des aspects complémentaires. Par exemple, il convient de ne pas utiliser les dalles en toitures sans une protection supplémentaire contre la pénétration de l'eau.
Montažni betonski izdelki - Votle plošče
Ta evropski standard obravnava zahteve in osnovna merila učinkovitosti ter po potrebi določa najnižje vrednosti za montažne votle plošče iz prednapetega ali armiranega normalno težkega betona v skladu s standardom EN 1992-1-1:2004.
Ta evropski standard zajema izrazje, merila učinkovitosti, tolerance, ustrezne fizikalne lastnosti, posebne preskusne metode ter posebne vidike transporta in postavitve.
Votli elementi se uporabljajo za tla, strehe, zidove in podobne namene uporabe. V tem evropskem standardu so obravnavane lastnosti materiala ter druge zahteve za tla in strehe; v zvezi s posebno uporabo v zidovih in druge uporabe glejte ustrezne standarde za izdelke za morebitne dodatne zahteve.
Elementi imajo stranske robove z brazdastim profilom, da nastane strižni ključ za prenos striga skozi spoje med sosednjimi elementi. Za delovanje po načelu diafragme morajo biti spoji izvedeni kot vodoravni križni spoji.
Za izboljšanje tega delovanja so lahko predvideni navpični utori.
Elementi so izdelani v tovarnah z vbrizgavanjem, drsnimi opaži ali ulivanjem v model. Prilagajanje plošč (zožanih elementov plošč) in utorov votlim ploščam se lahko opravi med proizvodnjo ali pozneje. Votle plošče imajo možnost omogočanja toplotnega aktiviranja, gretja, hlajenja, zvočne izolacije itd. Zaradi tega ostaja temperatura betona znotraj naravnega razpona.
Ta evropski standard obravnava tudi polne plošče, ki se uporabljajo z votlimi ploščami in so izdelane z vbrizgavanjem, drsnimi opaži ali ulivanjem v model na enak način kot votle plošče. Te polne plošče imajo enak skupni prerez kot votle plošče, a nimajo votle sredice.
Uporaba standarda je za prednapete elemente omejena na največjo globino 500 mm in za armirane elemente na največjo globino 300 mm.
Pri obeh vrstah je največja širina brez prečne ojačitve omejena na 1 200 mm, s prečno ojačitvijo pa na 2 400 mm.
Elementi se lahko togo združijo na kraju samem s konstrukcijskim zaključkom, ulitim na gradbišču.
Obravnavane uporabe so tla in strehe zgradb, vključno z območji za vozila v kategorijah F in G standarda EN 1991-1-1, pri katerih ne prihaja do utrujanja zaradi obremenitve. Za zgradbe na potresnih območjih so v standardu EN 1998-1 podane dodatne določbe.
Ta evropski standard ne obravnava dopolnilnih zadev. Npr. plošč naj ne bi uporabljali v strehah brez dodatne zaščite pred vdiranjem vode.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Betonfertigteile - HohlplattenProduits préfabriqués en béton - Dalles alvéoléesPrecast concrete products - Hollow core slabs91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1168:2005+A3:2011SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012en,fr,de01-februar-2012SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1168:2005+A2:20091DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1168:2005+A3
October 2011 ICS 91.060.30; 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 1168:2005+A2:2009 English Version
Precast concrete products - Hollow core slabs
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Dalles alvéolées
Betonfertigteile - Hohlplatten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 July 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 January 2008, Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 4 January 2009 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 11 August 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1168:2005+A3:2011: ESIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 2 Contents The numbering of clauses is strictly related to EN 13369: Common rules for precast concrete products, at least for the first three digits. When a clause of EN 13369 is not relevant or included in a more general reference of this standard, its number is omitted and this may result in a gap on numbering. Foreword .4Introduction .61Scope .72Normative references .73Terms and definitions .83.1Definitions .84Requirements .94.1Material requirements .94.1.1Prestressing steel . 104.2Production requirements . 104.2.1Structural reinforcement . 104.3Finished product requirements . 114.3.1Geometrical properties . 114.3.2Surface characteristics . 144.3.3Mechanical resistance . 144.3.4Resistance and reaction to fire . 234.3.5Acoustic properties . 234.3.6Thermal properties . 234.3.7Durability . 244.3.8Other requirements. 245Test methods . 245.1Tests on concrete . 245.2%Tests on pre-stressing steel& . 245.3Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics . 245.3.1Element dimensions . 245.4Weight of the products . 256Evaluation of conformity . 256.1#General . 256.2Type testing . 256.2.1General . 256.2.2Initial type testing . 266.2.3Further type testing . 266.3Factory production control& . 267Marking . 277.1General . 278Technical documentation . 27Annex A (normative)
Inspection schemes. 28Annex B (informative)
Typical shapes of joints . 31Annex C (informative)
Transverse load distribution . 33Annex D (informative)
Diaphragm action . 42Annex E (informative)
Unintended restraining effects and negative moments . 43Annex F (informative)
Mechanical resistance in case of verification by calculation: shear capacity of composite members . 46SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 3 Annex G (informative)
%Resistance to fire& . 49Annex H (informative)
Design of connections . 57Annex J (normative)
!Full scale test" . 59Annex K (normative)
%Thermal prestressing& . 65Annex ZA (informative)
#Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives$ . 67Bibliography . 81 SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1168:2005+A3:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR #and was examined by and agreed with a joint working party appointed by the Liaison Group CEN/TC 229 – CEN/TC 250, particularely for its compatibility with structural Eurocodes$. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2013. !This European Standard was examined by and agreed with a joint working party appointed by the Liaison Group CEN/TC 229 – TC 250, particularly for its compatibility with structural Eurocodes." This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2008-01-14, Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 2009-01-04 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 2011-08-11. This document supersedes %EN 1168:2005+A2:2009&. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ",
# $ and % &. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Construction Products Directives (89/106/EEC) of the European Union (EU). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is one of a series of product standards for precast concrete products. For common aspects reference is made to EN 13369: Common rules for precast products, from which also the relevant requirements of the EN 206-1: Concrete – Part 1: Specification, performances, production and conformity are taken. The references to EN 13369 by CEN/TC 229 product standards are intended to make them homogeneous and to avoid repetitions of similar requirements. %Eurocodes are taken as a common reference for design aspects. The installation of some structural precast concrete products is dealt with by EN 13670. In all countries it can be accompanied by alternatives for national application.& The programme of standards for structural precast concrete products comprises the following standards, in some cases consisting of several parts: !EN 1168:2005+A1", Precast concrete products – Hollow core slabs !EN 12794:2005+A1", Precast concrete products – Foundation piles EN 12843, Precast concrete products – Masts and poles !EN 13224:2004+A1", Precast concrete products – Ribbed floor elements EN 13225, Precast concrete products – Linear structural elements SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 5 EN 13693, Precast concrete products – Special roof elements !EN 13747", Precast concrete products – Floor plates for floor systems !EN 13978-1, Precast concrete products - Precast concrete garages - Part 1: Requirements for reinforced garages monolithic or consisting of single sections with room dimensions" !EN 14843", Precast concrete products - Stairs !EN 14844", Precast concrete products – Box culverts !EN 14991", Precast concrete products – Foundation elements !EN 14992, Precast concrete products – Wall elements" #EN 15037-1, Precast concrete products – Beam-and-block floor systems – Part 1: Beams EN 15037-2, Precast concrete products – Beam-and-block floor systems – Part 2: Concrete blocks EN 15037-3, Precast concrete products – Beam-and-block floor systems – Part 3: Clay blocks prEN 15037-4, Precast concrete products – Beam-and-block floor systems – Part 4: Polystyrene blocks prEN 15037-5, Precast concrete products – Beam-and-block floor systems – Part 5: Lightweight blocks$ !EN 15258", Precast concrete products – Retaining wall elements !EN 15050", Precast concrete products – Bridge elements This standard defines in Annex ZA the application methods of CE marking to products designed using the relevant EN Eurocodes (EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2). Where, in default of applicability conditions of EN Eurocodes to the works of destination, design Provisions other than EN Eurocodes are used for mechanical strength and/or fire resistance, the conditions to affix CE marking to the product are described in ZA.3.4. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 6 Introduction The evaluation of conformity given in this standard refers to the completed precast elements which are supplied to the market and covers all the production operations carried out in the factory. For design rules reference is made to EN 1992-1-1. Additional complementary rules are provided where necessary. The verification of the mechanical resistance of hollow core slabs is, at this stage of standardisation, only fully accepted by calculation; #however, concrete properties adopted as input for calculation of shear resistance depend on the proper functioning of the production machine; therefore a full scale test method to confirm both the shear resistance obtained by calculation and the proper functioning of the production machine, is given in Annex J (normative).$ Special rules for structures with hollow core elements are presented in annexes about load distribution (Annex C), diaphragm action (Annex D), negative moments (Annex E), shear capacity of composite members (Annex F) and design of connections (Annex H). %Special rules for pre-stressing by means of thermal pre-stressing are given in Annex K.& Because of some specialities of the product, e.g. the absence of transverse reinforcement, some complementary design rules to EN 1992-1-1 are necessary. Furthermore, research on hollow core slabs has resulted in special, widely used, design rules which are not incorporated in the design rules of EN 1992-1-1. According to subclause 1.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 the complementary rules, given in informative annexes in this standard, comply with the relevant principles given in EN 1992-1-1. Because of the fact that the experimental evidence is mainly based on elements with limited depth and width, this standard is applicable to elements with these limited dimensions. This limitation is not intended to prohibit the application of elements with larger sizes, but the experience is not yet wide enough to draw up standardised design rules. SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard deals with the requirements and the basic performance criteria and specifies minimum values where appropriate for precast hollow core slabs made of prestressed or reinforced normal weight concrete according to EN 1992-1-1:2004. This European Standard covers terminology, performance criteria, tolerances, relevant physical properties, special test methods, and special aspects of transport and erection. Hollow core elements are used in floors, roofs, walls and similar applications. In this European Standard the material properties and other requirements for floors and roofs are dealt with; for special use in walls and other applications, see the relevant product standards for possible additional requirements. %The elements have lateral edges with a grooved profile in order to make a shear key to transfer shear through joints contiguous elements.& For diaphragm action the joints have to function as horizontal shear joints. %To improve this action vertical grooves may be provided.& The elements are manufactured in factories by extrusion, slipforming or mouldcasting. %Fitting slabs (narrowed slab elements) and recesses to the hollow core slabs can be made during production or afterwards. Hollow core slabs can have provisions for thermal activation, heating, cooling, sound insulation, etc. Due to these provisions, the concrete temperature remains in it’s natural range.& %This European Standard also deals with solid slab elements used in conjunction with hollow core slabs and manufactured by extrusion, slipforming or mouldcasting, equivalent to the manufacturing of hollow core slabs. These solid slabs have the same overall cross-section as hollow core slabs, however without hollow cores.& %The application of the standard is limited for prestressed elements to a maximum depth of 500 mm and for reinforced elements to a maximum depth of 300 mm. For both types, the maximum width without transverse reinforcement is limited to 1 200 mm and with transverse reinforcement to 2 400 mm.& The elements may be used in composite action with an in situ structural topping cast on site. The applications considered are floors and roofs of buildings, including areas for vehicles in the category F and G of #EN 1991-1-1$ which are not subjected to fatigue loading. For building in seismic zones additional provisions are given in EN 1998-1. This European Standard does not deal with complementary matters. E.g. the slabs should not be used in roofs without additional protection against water penetration. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 206-1:2000, Concrete — Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1992-1-2:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-2: General rules – Structural fire design EN 12390-2, Testing hardened concrete — Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests EN 12390-3, Testing hardened concrete — Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 8 EN 12390-4:2000, Testing hardened concrete — Part 4: Compressive strength — Specification for testing machines EN 12390-6, Testing hardened concrete — Part 6: Tensile splitting strength of test specimens EN 12504-1, Testing concrete in structures — Part 1: Cored specimens — Testing, examining and testing in compression EN 13369:2004, Common rules for precast concrete products !EN 13791, Assessment of in-situ compressive strength in structures and precast concrete components" %EN ISO 15630-3, Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete — Test methods — Part 3: Prestressing steel (ISO 15630-3:2010)& 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. For general terms EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 hollow core slab monolithic prestressed or reinforced element with a constant overall depth divided into an upper and a lower flange, linked by vertical webs, so constituting cores as longitudinal voids the cross section of which is constant and presents one vertical symmetrical axis (see Figure 1) %
Key A hollow core slab B solid slab C combined slab 1 core 2 web Figure 1 — Types of hollow core slabs (examples)& %3.1.2 solid slab slab with the same overall cross-section as a hollow core slab where, during manufacturing no voids are made (Figure 1 B). This slab is manufactured in the same manner (machine, bed, …) as hollow core slabs with voids NOTE Hollow core slabs where the voids are filled with concrete after manufacturing of the hollow core element can not be considered as a solid slab. SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 9 3.1.3 combined slab hollow core slab that has partially a solid cross section (Figure 1 C). The depth of the cross section may vary over the length of the element 3.1.4 fitting slab slab sawn from a standard slab with a width ≥ 250 mm with at least two webs& %3.1.5& core longitudinal void produced by specific industrial manufacturing techniques, located with a regular pattern and the shape of which is such that the vertical loading applied on the slab is transmitted to the webs %3.1.6& web vertical concrete part between two adjacent cores (intermediate webs) or on the lateral edges of the slab (outermost webs) %3.1.7& lateral joint lateral profile on the longitudinal edges of a hollow core slab shaped so to allow grouting between
two adjacent slabs %3.1.8& topping cast in situ concrete on the hollow core slab floor intended to increase its bearing capacity and so constituting a composite hollow core slab floor %3.1.9& screed cast in situ concrete or mortar layer used to level the upper face of the finished floor %3.1.10& hollow core slab floor floor made of hollow core slabs after the grouting of the joints %3.1.11& composite hollow core slab floor hollow core slab floor complemented by a cast-in-situ topping %3.1.12 solid slab floor floor made of solid core slabs after the grouting of the joints& %3.1.13 composite solid slab floor solid slab floor complemented by a cast in situ topping& 4 Requirements 4.1 Material requirements Complementary to 4.1 of EN 13369:2004 the following subclauses shall apply. In particular the ultimate tensile and tensile yield strength of steel shall be considered. SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 10 4.1.1 Prestressing steel 4.1.1.1 Maximum diameter of prestressing steel %The diameter of pre-stressing steel is limited to: Class 1: Elements with pre-stressing steel with a maximum of 11 mm for wires and 16 mm for strands; Class 2: Elements with thermal pre-stressed bars with a maximum of 16 mm. The use of pre-stressing bars is only allowed in accordance with Annex K.& 4.2 Production requirements #4.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. Proper placing and compacting of concrete by the production machine shall be verified by initial type testing according to 6.2.2. Complementary to 4.2.3 of EN 13369:2004 4.2.1 shall apply for structural reinforcement.$ 4.2.1 Structural reinforcement 4.2.1.1 Processing of reinforcing steel 4.2.1.1.1 Longitudinal bars For the distribution of the longitudinal bars the following requirements shall be fulfilled: a) the bars shall be distributed uniformly across the width of the elements; b) the maximum centre to centre distance between two bars shall not exceed 300 mm; % c) in the outermost webs there shall be at least one bar, for solid slabs, the equivalent position shall be considered;& d) the clear spacing between bars shall be at least: horizontally : ≥ (dg + 5 mm), ≥ 20 mm and ≥ Ø; vertically : ≥ dg, ≥ 10 mm and ≥ Ø. 4.2.1.1.2 Transversal bars Transverse reinforcement is not required in slabs up to 1 200 mm wide. Slabs having a width greater than 1 200 mm must have transverse reinforcement designed to suit the loading requirements. The minimum transverse reinforcement shall be 5 mm diameter bars at 500 mm centres. SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 11 4.2.1.2 Tensioning and prestressing 4.2.1.2.1 Common requirements for the distribution of prestressing tendons The following requirements shall be fulfilled: a) the tendons shall be distributed uniformly across the width of the elements; b) in every width of 1,20 m at least four tendons shall be applied; c) in every element of a width greater than 0,60 m and less than 1,20 m, at least three tendons shall be applied; d) in every element with a width of 0,60 m or less at least two tendons shall be applied; e) the minimum clear spacing between tendons shall be: horizontally : ≥ (dg + 5 mm), ≥ 20 mm and ≥ Ø; vertically : ≥ζdg, ≥ 10 mm and ≥ Ø. 4.2.1.2.2 Transfer of prestress Clause 8.10.2.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 shall apply: NOTE “Good” bond conditions are obtained for extruded and slip-formed elements. For the description of “good” and “poor” bond conditions, see Figure 8.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004. 4.3 Finished product requirements 4.3.1 Geometrical properties 4.3.1.1 Production tolerances 4.3.1.1.1 Dimensional tolerances related to structural safety The maximum deviations, measured in accordance with 5.2, on the specified nominal dimensions shall satisfy the following requirements: a) slab depth: h ≤ 150 mm: −ζ5 mm, + 10 mm; h ≥ 250: ± 15 mm; 150 mm < h < 250 mm : linear interpolation may be applied; b) nominal minimum web thickness: individual web (bw): − 10 mm; total per slab (Σbw): − 20 mm; c) nominal minimum flange thickness (above and underneath cores): individual flange: − 10 mm, + 15 mm; SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 12 d) vertical position of reinforcement at tensile side: individual bar, strand or wire: h ≤ 200 mm ± 10 mm; h ≥ 250 : ± 15 mm;
200 mm < h < 250 mm: linear interpolation may be applied; mean value per slab: ± 7 mm; the requirement in this paragraph shall not conflict with subclause 4.3.1.2.3 of this standard. !!!!4.3.1.1.2"""" Tolerances for construction purposes The maximum deviations, unless declared otherwise by the manufacturer, shall satisfy the following: a) slab length: ± 25 mm; % b) slab width: general
± 5 mm; in case of fitting slabs
± 25 mm;& c) slab width for longitudinally sawn slabs : ± 25 mm; % d) length of protruding strands. The minus deviation from the measured length of the protruding part of the protruding strand in regard to the nominal (design) value: 10 mm. This value may be increased with half of the actual deviation (positive) of the measured slab length (a)).& !!!!4.3.1.1.3"""" Tolerances for concrete cover !The maximum deviation for concrete cover shall be ∆c = -10 mm. A more stringent tolerance may be declared by the manufacturer." 4.3.1.2 Minimum dimensions Complementary to 4.3.1.2 of EN 13369:2004 next subclauses shall apply. 4.3.1.2.1 Thickness of webs and flanges The nominal thickness specified on the drawings shall be at least the minimum thickness increased by the maximum deviation (minus tolerance) declared by the manufacturer. The minimum thickness shall be: for any web, not less than the largest of h/10, 20 mm and (dg + 5 mm), where dg and h are in millimetres; SIST EN 1168:2005+A3:2012
EN 1168:2005+A3:2011 (E) 13 for any flange, not less than the largest value of h2, 17 mm and (dg + 5 mm), where dg and h are in millimetres; however for the upper flange, not less than 0,25 bc, where bc is the width of that part of the flange in which the greatest thickness is not greater than 1,2 times the smallest thickness (see Figure 2). Thickness of webs and flanges shall be measured in accordance with 5.2.1.1. #
$ Figure 2 — Minimum thickness of upper flange 4.3.1.2.2 Minimum concrete cover and axis distances of prestressing steel For indented wires or smooth and indented strands, the minimum concrete cover cmin to the nearest concrete surface and to the nearest edge of a core shall be at least: only with respect to the exposed face, the one determined in accordance with 4.4.1.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 shall apply; for preventing longitudinal cracking due to bursting and splitting and in the absence of specific calculations and/or tests: !a) when the nominal centre to centre distance of the strands is ≥ 3 Ø: cmin = 1,5 Ø; b) when the nominal centre to centre distance of the strands is < 2,5 Ø: cmin = 2,5 Ø; where Ø is the strand or wire diameter, in millimetres (in the case of different diameters, the average value shall be used for Ø). For intermediate centre to centre distance, cmin may be derived by linear interpolation between the values defined in a) and b).
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